Summary NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Study Guide.pdf

1.DefectsIinItheIencodingIofIhistone-modifyingIproteinsI(ChpI6IandI12IwkI1) HistoneImodificationI(e.g., IhistoneIacetylationIandIdeacetylation, IalterationsIinIchromatin):IChromatinIcompaction IandIorganizationIhelpItoIregulateIgeneIexpression, Idetermining IandImaintainingIcell Iidentity.IChromatinIstructure ImustIbeIcontrolledIinIself-renewing IandIdifferentiatedIcellsIinIcell Irenewal Isystems.IForIexample, IthereIare IdifferencesIinIchromatinIstructureIinIstemIcellsIandIterminallyIdifferentiatedIcells areIchemical ImodificationsIofIDNAIsequencesIthatIalterItheIexpressionIofIgenes, IresultingIinIdiseaseIand Iphenotypical IvariationsI(uponIgenetics) typesIofIepigeneticImodifications IDNAImodification histoneImodification MicroribonucleicIacidsI(miRNAs)IorImatureImiRNAs specificIenvironmental IorInon-geneticIfactors, IsuchIasIdietIandIexposureItoIcertainIchemicalsIcanIaffect Iepigenetic HistoneImodifications-IinIdiverseIbiological IprocessesIsuchIasItranscriptional Iactivation/inactivation, chromosomeIpackaging, IandIDNAIdamage/repair. HistoneImodificationsI(e.g.IhistoneIacetylationIandIdeacetylation, IchromatinIalterations)-IChromatin IcompactionIandIorganizationIhelpItoIregulateIgeneIexpression, IdeterminingIandImaintainingIcell Iidentity quantitativeIdetectionIofIvariousIhistoneImodifications-IwouldIprovideIuseful IinformationIforIaIbetter understandingIofIepigeneticIregulationIofIcellularIprocessesIandItheIdevelopmentIofIhistoneImodifying Ienzyme-targetedIdrugs. HistoneIModification-IResults: HistoneIacetylationIandIdeacetylation alterationsIinIchromatin