Test Bank For Anatomy and Physiology, 1st Edition (Elizabeth Co, 2023)

Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition by Elizabeth Co Complet
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,Chapterrt02rt:rtIntroductionrttortthertHumanrtBodyrtMu

ltiplertChoice

1. Whichrtofrtthertfollowingrtdefinitionsrtdescribesrtthertscientificrtstudyrtofrthumanrtanatomy?
a. Thertstudyrtofrtthertbody‘srtmetabolicrtfunctions.
b. Thertstudyrtofrtthertbody‘srtstructures.
c. Thertstudyrtofrtbody‘srtchemicalrtprocesses.
d. Thertstudyrtofrtthertbody‘srtmolecularrtprocesses.
e. Thertstudyrtofrtthertbody‘srtevolution.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.1rtOverviewrtofrtAnatomyrtandrtPhysiology
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:r t 2.1.1rt-rtDefinerttherttermsrtanatomyrtandrtphysiology.

2. Whatrttwortapproachesrtdortanatomistsrtuserttortstudyrtthertbody‘srtstructures?
a. regionalrtandrtsystemic
b. globalrtandrtdetailed
c. holisticrtandrtmicroscopic
d. internalrtandrtexternal
e. activertandrtpassive
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.1rtOverviewrtofrtAn WaWtoWm.yTaBnS
drtM
Ph.yWsSi ology
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.1.2rt-rtGivertspecificrtexamplesrttortshowrtthertinterrelationshiprtbetweenrtanatomyrtand
physiology.

3. Whichrtofrtthertfollowingrtdescribesrtthertstudyrtofrtregionalrtanatomy?
a. Thertskinrtandrtitsrtfunctions.
b. Thertinterrelationshipsrtofrtallrtofrtthertstructuresrtinrtartspecificrtbodyrtregion.
c. Humanrtevolutionrtbyrtregionsrtofrtthertworld.
d. Thertspecificrtfunctionsrtofrtanrtorgan.
e. Chemicalrtchangesrtinrttherthumanrtbody.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.1rtOverviewrtofrtAnatomyrtandrtPhysiology
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.1.2rt-
rtGivertspecificrtexamplesrttortshowrtthertinterrelationshiprtbetweenrtanatomyrtandrtphysi
ology.

4. Whichrtofrtthertfollowingrtdescribesrtthertstudyrtofrtsystemicrtanatomy?
a. Thertoperationrtofrtbodyrtfunctions.
b. Thertsequencertofrtchemicalrtreactionsrtinrtthertbody.
c. Thertstructuresrtthatrtmakertuprtartdiscretertbodyrtsystem.
d. Thertevolutionrtofrttherthumanrtbody.
e. Thertchangesrtinrtthertbodyrtoverrttime.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember

,REFERENCES: 2.1rtOverviewrtofrtAnatomyrtandrtPhysiology
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.1.2rt-
rtGivertspecificrtexamplesrttortshowrtthertinterrelationshiprtbetweenrtanatomyrtandrtphysi
ology.

5. Whatrtisrtphosphorylation?
a. Thertmostrtcommonrtformrtofrtmolecularrtregulationrtinrtanimalrtcellsrt–
rtthertadditionrtofrtartphosphatertgrouprttortspecificrtmolecules.

b. Thertingestionrtandrtabsorptionrtofrtexcessivertphosphorusrtfromrtthertenvironment.
c. Thertproductionrtofrtexcessivertamountsrtofrtphosphorusrtbyrtthertbody.
d. Thertconversionrtofrtphosphorusrtthroughrtartseriesrtofrtreactionsrtinrtthertenvironment.
e. Thertremovalrtofrtphosphorusrtfromrtourrtbodies.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.2rtStructurertandrtFunction
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.2.1rt-rtDescribe,rtcompare,rtandrtcontrastrtvariousrtstructure-
functionrtrelationshipsrtfromrtmolecularrttortorganrtlevel.

6. Earlyrthumansrtevolvedrtartrestructuredrtpelvisrttortaccommodatertforrtwhatrtspecificrtfunction?
a. increasedrtintelligence
b. bipedalism
c. childbirth
d. selfrtdefense
e. sensertofrtsmellrtandrttaste
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.2rtStructurertandrtFunction
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:r t 2.2.2rt-rtRelatertthertcommonlyrtfoundrtbranchingrtstructurerttortfunctionrtofrtanrtorgan.

7. Howrtisrthumanrtevolutionrtdefined?
a. Thertimpactrtofrtthertearth‘srtclimatertonrthumanrtdevelopment.
b. Changesrtinrthumanrtintelligencertoverrttime.
c. Thertdevelopmentrtofrtcognitivertandrtmotorrtskillsrtoverrttime.
d. Artchangertinrtgenertexpressionrtthatrtoccursrtfromrtgenerationrttortgeneration.
e. Thertabilityrttortadaptrttortconstantlyrtchangingrtenvironments.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.3rtEvolutionrtandrtHumanrtVariation
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:r t 2.3.1rt-rtDefinerttherttermrtandrtexplainrtthertconceptrtofrtevolution.

8. WhyrtdoesrtthertbodyrtrequirertUVrtradiationrtfromrtsunlight?
a. Tortcontrolrtthertspreadrtofrtbacteria.
b. Tortimprovertskinrttonertandrtquality.
c. Forrtthertproductionrtofrtproteins.
d. Tortcontrolrtbloodrtflow.
e. ForrtthertsynthesisrtofrtvitaminrtD.
ANSWER: e

, DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.3rtEvolutionrtandrtHumanrtVariation
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.3.2rt-
rtContrastrtthertimpactrtofrtselectionrtonrttraitsrtthatrtaffectrtreproductionrtandrttraitsrtthatrt
dortnot;rtusertthisrttortexplainrtexamplesrtofrtanatomicalrtandrtphysiologicalrtvariation.

9. UVrtradiationrtfromrtsunlightrtisrtharmfulrttortfolatert(folicrtacid)rtstructure,rtartvitamin.rtWhatrtisrtartreasonrtfolatertisrtessential?
a. Itrtisrtessentialrtforrtskinrtcellrtgrowthrtandrtdevelopment.
b. Itrtisrtessentialrtforrtsinglertcellrtgrowthrtandrtmuscularrtstrength.
c. Itrtaidsrtinrtspermrtproductionrtandrtembryonicrtdevelopment.
d. Itrtisrtimportantrtforrteyertsightrtandrtnightrtvision.
e. Itrtisrtinvolvedrtwithrtdigestion.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.3rtEvolutionrtandrtHumanrtVariation
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.3.2rt-
rtContrastrtthertimpactrtofrtselectionrtonrttraitsrtthatrtaffectrtreproductionrtandrttraitsrtthatrt
dortnot;rtusertthisrttortexplainrtexamplesrtofrtanatomicalrtandrtphysiologicalrtvariation.

10. Whatrtarertthertthreerttypesrtofrtgradientsrtthatrtdrivertflowrtinrtartphysiologicalrtcontext?
a. high,rtmedium,rtandrtlowrtgradients
b. elevated,rtstandard,rtandrtreducedrtgradients
c. organic,rtinorganic,rtandrtchemicalrtgradients
d. concentration,rtelectrical,rtandrtpressurertgradients
e. kinetic,rtdynamic,rtandrtstaticrtgradients
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.4rtFlow
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:rt2.4.1rt-
rtDescriberthowrtartgradientrtdeterminesrtflowrtbetweenrttwortregions,rtandrtgivertexam
plesrtofrtgradientsrtthatrtexistrtinrtdifferentrtlevelsrtofrtorganizationrtinrtthertbody.

11. Whatrttypertofrtgradientrtdrivesrtthertflowrtofrtfluidsrtandrtgases?
a. concentrationrtgradients
b. electricalrtgradients
c. pressurertgradients
d. organicrtgradients
e. gravitationalrt gradients
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Blooms:rtRemember
REFERENCES: 2.4rtFlow
LEARNINGrtOBJECTIVES:r t 2.4.2rt-rtPredictrthowrtchangesrtinrtartgradientrtwillrtaffectrtflowrtrate.

12. Whichrtofrtthertfollowingrtvariablesrtprovidesrtresistancerttortflowrtratertinrtliquidsrtandrtgases?
a. diameterrtandrtlengthrtofrttherttube
b. speedrtofrtthertmolecules
c. sizertofrtthertmolecules
d. temperaturertofrtthertenvironment
e. viscosityrtofrtthertmedium