Elevators

Elevators

Electrical Load Classification According To Load Function
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1. Lighting Load : | |


a) Indoor Lighting . | |


b) Outdoor Lighting . | |




2. Power Loads (Sockets) . | | |




3. Appliances Load : | |


a) HVAC loads (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning | | | | | |


System Loads). | |


b) Pumps Loads (Fire Fighting, Plumping, Irrigation Systems, | | | | | |


Etc.). |


C) Lifts (Elevators) Loads (Transportation System Loads).
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Elevators Types and Classification | | |




Introduction

An elevator (or lift in the Commonwealth excluding Canada) is a type of
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vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people or goods between
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floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel or other structures. Elevators are
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generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables or
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counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a
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cylindrical piston like a jack.
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There are three types of convoying methods in buildings, Elevators ,
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Escalators , Ramps, and they have different dimensions and uses according to
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building type ,number of users in it.
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Elevator Types |




1. According to hoist mechanism. | | |


2. According to building height. | | |


3. According to building type. | | |


4. According to elevator Location. | | |




1

,1- According to hoist mechanism:
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Elevators will be classified according to hoist mechanism to 2 main types as
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follows:
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1. Hydraulic Elevators |


2. Traction Elevators |




1- Hydraulic Elevators (Push Elevators)
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Hydraulic Elevators |




Hydraulic elevators are supported by a piston at the bottom of the elevator that
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pushes the elevator up. They are used for low-rise applications of 2-8 stories
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and travel at a maximum speed of 200 feet per minute. The machine room for
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hydraulic elevators is located at the lowest level adjacent to the elevator shaft.
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Hydraulic elevators have many two main types as follows:
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2

,A- Conventional Hydraulic Elevators
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Conventional Hydraulic Elevators | |




They have a sheave that extends below the floor of the elevator pit, which
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accepts the retracting piston as the elevator descends. Some configurations
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have a telescoping piston that collapses and requires a shallower hole below
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the pit. Max travel distance is approximately 60 feet.
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3

, B- Telescopic Hydraulic Elevators:
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Telescopic Hydraulic Elevators
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In this configuration, the telescoping pistons are fixed at the base of the pit
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and do not require a sheave or hole below the pit and has 2 or 3 pieces of
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telescoping pistons. Telescoping pistons allow up to 50 feet of travel
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distance.
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