TESTBANK b
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
b b b b
NANCYHATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
b b b b
5th Edition
b
TESTBANK b
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
b b b b b b b b b b b
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
b b b b b b b b
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
b b b b b b b b b b
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
b b b b b b b
A. Joseph Brennaman b
B. John Bowlby b
C. Marshal Klaus b
D. John Kennell b
Answer: B
b b
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
b b b b b b b b b
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and that
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period after
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
b b b b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Remember
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Nursing Process
b b b
Reference: p. 4 b b
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do white
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately states
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
A. Having formal education. b b
B. Being unmarried. b
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care. b b b
Answer: D b
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may play a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being unmarried has no
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bearing on infant mortality.
b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Understand
b b
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Nursing Process
b b b
Reference: p. 9 b b
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
b b b b b b b b
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 livebirths
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 livebirths
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per1,000 live births
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
b b b b b b b b b b
Answer: D b
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she reaches
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the number of infant
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the number
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births. Question format: Multiple Choice
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Remember
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Nursing Process
b b b
Reference: p. 9 b b
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity care.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
maternity care in the United States over the past century?
b b b b b b b b b b
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers b b b b b b b b b b
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory b b b b b b b b
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
b b b b b b b b b
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants b b b b b b b b b b b
b Answer: B b
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still in
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
b b b b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Analyze
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
b b b b b
, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning b b
Reference: p. 3
b b b
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
physician?
b
A. Louis Pasteur b
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis b b
C. Joseph Lister b
D. Alexander Gordon b
b Answer: C b
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of
b b b b b b b b b b b b
microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during surgery
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed the theory of infection.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
b b b b b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Apply
b b
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process:
b b b b b b b b b b b
Nursing Process
b b
Reference: p. 4 b b
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and question the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will best provide this
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
information to the couple?
b b b b
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling b b
D. HGP
Answer: A b
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire
b b b b b b b b b b b b
genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
information regarding gene mutations and variations.
b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Apply
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Caring
b b
Reference: p. 6 b b
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
b b b b
NANCYHATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
b b b b
5th Edition
b
TESTBANK b
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
b b b b b b b b b b b
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
b b b b b b b b
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
b b b b b b b b b b
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
b b b b b b b
A. Joseph Brennaman b
B. John Bowlby b
C. Marshal Klaus b
D. John Kennell b
Answer: B
b b
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
b b b b b b b b b
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and that
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period after
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
b b b b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Remember
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Nursing Process
b b b
Reference: p. 4 b b
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do white
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately states
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
A. Having formal education. b b
B. Being unmarried. b
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care. b b b
Answer: D b
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may play a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being unmarried has no
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bearing on infant mortality.
b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Understand
b b
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Nursing Process
b b b
Reference: p. 9 b b
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
b b b b b b b b
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 livebirths
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 livebirths
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per1,000 live births
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
b b b b b b b b b b
Answer: D b
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she reaches
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the number of infant
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is the number
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births. Question format: Multiple Choice
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Remember
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Nursing Process
b b b
Reference: p. 9 b b
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity care.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
maternity care in the United States over the past century?
b b b b b b b b b b
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers b b b b b b b b b b
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory b b b b b b b b
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
b b b b b b b b b
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants b b b b b b b b b b b
b Answer: B b
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still in
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
b b b b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Analyze
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
b b b b b
, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning b b
Reference: p. 3
b b b
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
physician?
b
A. Louis Pasteur b
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis b b
C. Joseph Lister b
D. Alexander Gordon b
b Answer: C b
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of
b b b b b b b b b b b b
microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during surgery
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed the theory of infection.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
b b b b b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Apply
b b
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated Process:
b b b b b b b b b b b
Nursing Process
b b
Reference: p. 4 b b
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and question the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will best provide this
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
information to the couple?
b b b b
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling b b
D. HGP
Answer: A b
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire
b b b b b b b b b b b b
genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
information regarding gene mutations and variations.
b b b b b b
Question format: Multiple Choice b b b
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Level: Apply
b b
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated
b b b b b b
Process: Caring
b b
Reference: p. 6 b b
