PSYC 102 TEST 2 STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. What is learning? - ANSWER ✔ relatively enduring change in behavior or
knowledge as a result of experience.
2. What is conditioning? - ANSWER ✔ process of learning associations
between environmental events and behavioral responses
3. What is classical conditioning? You should be familiar with Pavlov and
conditioning experiments with dogs. What is the difference between
classical and operant conditioning? - ANSWER ✔ Classical conditioning is
the basic learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus
with a response-producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the
same response.
Pavlov dog (UCS Food) stimulus that naturally triggers a response.
(UCR Salivation) a naturally occurring response to the UCS (food).
(NS Sound) a stimulus that has not been paired with the UCS and elicits no
response (Sound).
, After
(CS Sound) a previously neutral stimulus (NS) that is paired with the UCS
and as a result, triggers a conditioned response (CR) Sound
(CR Salivation) a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus (NR),
but now a conditioned stimulus (CS) Salivation
The difference with Classical and Operant is, explains how certain stimuli
can trigger an automatic response. While is useful in understanding how
new, voluntary actions are acquired.
4. The neo-Freudian psychologist Alfred Adler argued that humans are
conscious and intentional, striving for growth and improvement. Adler can
therefore be seen as a precursor to the _____ perspective on personality. -
ANSWER ✔ humanistic
5. In research examining the relationship between birth order and personality,
family size is often a(n) _____ variable. - ANSWER ✔ confounding
6. Which word BEST completes this sentence: "Julian Rotter _____ the work
of traditional learning theorists such as B.F. Skinner." - ANSWER ✔
extended
7. Which statement BEST captures the relationship between temperament and
personality? - ANSWER ✔ temperament is one element of personality
,8. The Big Five personality dimensions demonstrate: - ANSWER ✔ both
biological reality and cross-cultural generality
9. Critics of psychoanalytic theory contend that Freud paid too little attention
to: - ANSWER ✔ people's capacity for change
10.Betty does not believe she can meet the weight-loss and strength-training
goals that her personal trainer has set for her. In Bandura's terms, Betty: -
ANSWER ✔ has low self-efficacy
11.Mrs. Linley is a middle school math teacher. She provides constant and
consistent feedback on math assignments as well as much encouragement to
her students. Mrs. Linley is trying to develop her students': - ANSWER ✔
self-efficacy
12.Which question was central to the marshmallow test? - ANSWER ✔ Would
you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger
reward later?
13.Ingrid is energized by being alone, speaks slowly and softly, and avoids
attention. Carl Jung would call her a(an) ________. - ANSWER ✔ Introvert
14.Reciprocal determinism would explain that personality comes from: -
ANSWER ✔ interactions between environment, behavior, and individual
characteristics
, 15.Five-year-old Otto complained to his mom that the pizza was not big
enough. When she cut the pizza into smaller slices, Otto was happy because
he now thought that the pizza was larger. Otto lacks the concept of:
Select one:
a. egocentrism.
b. conservation.
c. object permanence.
d. assimilation. - ANSWER ✔ b. conservation.
16.John is 58 years old and he is worried about loss of both memory and
cognitive abilities. He asks you what he can do to prevent the loss of these
abilities. You give him all of the following suggestions EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. stay physically active.
b. keep your mind active.
c. maintain a healthy weight.
d. reduce your activity level. - ANSWER ✔ d. reduce your activity level.
17.Sharon's father demands total obedience from his children. When he speaks,
he expects his children to listen. There is no discussion, no arguing. He has
zero tolerance for breaking the rules he has set forth. Sharon's father has
which type of parenting style?
Select one:
a. permissive
b. authoritarian
c. authoritative
d. detached - ANSWER ✔ b. authoritarian
18.The law of effect laid the foundation for:
Select one:
a. Garcia and Koelling's research on taste aversion.
b. Skinner's experiments on reinforcement.
c. Watson and Rayner's findings on fear conditioning.
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. What is learning? - ANSWER ✔ relatively enduring change in behavior or
knowledge as a result of experience.
2. What is conditioning? - ANSWER ✔ process of learning associations
between environmental events and behavioral responses
3. What is classical conditioning? You should be familiar with Pavlov and
conditioning experiments with dogs. What is the difference between
classical and operant conditioning? - ANSWER ✔ Classical conditioning is
the basic learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus
with a response-producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the
same response.
Pavlov dog (UCS Food) stimulus that naturally triggers a response.
(UCR Salivation) a naturally occurring response to the UCS (food).
(NS Sound) a stimulus that has not been paired with the UCS and elicits no
response (Sound).
, After
(CS Sound) a previously neutral stimulus (NS) that is paired with the UCS
and as a result, triggers a conditioned response (CR) Sound
(CR Salivation) a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus (NR),
but now a conditioned stimulus (CS) Salivation
The difference with Classical and Operant is, explains how certain stimuli
can trigger an automatic response. While is useful in understanding how
new, voluntary actions are acquired.
4. The neo-Freudian psychologist Alfred Adler argued that humans are
conscious and intentional, striving for growth and improvement. Adler can
therefore be seen as a precursor to the _____ perspective on personality. -
ANSWER ✔ humanistic
5. In research examining the relationship between birth order and personality,
family size is often a(n) _____ variable. - ANSWER ✔ confounding
6. Which word BEST completes this sentence: "Julian Rotter _____ the work
of traditional learning theorists such as B.F. Skinner." - ANSWER ✔
extended
7. Which statement BEST captures the relationship between temperament and
personality? - ANSWER ✔ temperament is one element of personality
,8. The Big Five personality dimensions demonstrate: - ANSWER ✔ both
biological reality and cross-cultural generality
9. Critics of psychoanalytic theory contend that Freud paid too little attention
to: - ANSWER ✔ people's capacity for change
10.Betty does not believe she can meet the weight-loss and strength-training
goals that her personal trainer has set for her. In Bandura's terms, Betty: -
ANSWER ✔ has low self-efficacy
11.Mrs. Linley is a middle school math teacher. She provides constant and
consistent feedback on math assignments as well as much encouragement to
her students. Mrs. Linley is trying to develop her students': - ANSWER ✔
self-efficacy
12.Which question was central to the marshmallow test? - ANSWER ✔ Would
you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger
reward later?
13.Ingrid is energized by being alone, speaks slowly and softly, and avoids
attention. Carl Jung would call her a(an) ________. - ANSWER ✔ Introvert
14.Reciprocal determinism would explain that personality comes from: -
ANSWER ✔ interactions between environment, behavior, and individual
characteristics
, 15.Five-year-old Otto complained to his mom that the pizza was not big
enough. When she cut the pizza into smaller slices, Otto was happy because
he now thought that the pizza was larger. Otto lacks the concept of:
Select one:
a. egocentrism.
b. conservation.
c. object permanence.
d. assimilation. - ANSWER ✔ b. conservation.
16.John is 58 years old and he is worried about loss of both memory and
cognitive abilities. He asks you what he can do to prevent the loss of these
abilities. You give him all of the following suggestions EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. stay physically active.
b. keep your mind active.
c. maintain a healthy weight.
d. reduce your activity level. - ANSWER ✔ d. reduce your activity level.
17.Sharon's father demands total obedience from his children. When he speaks,
he expects his children to listen. There is no discussion, no arguing. He has
zero tolerance for breaking the rules he has set forth. Sharon's father has
which type of parenting style?
Select one:
a. permissive
b. authoritarian
c. authoritative
d. detached - ANSWER ✔ b. authoritarian
18.The law of effect laid the foundation for:
Select one:
a. Garcia and Koelling's research on taste aversion.
b. Skinner's experiments on reinforcement.
c. Watson and Rayner's findings on fear conditioning.
