MIC 205 EXAM 3 DAYDIF ASU (SOLVED) 100%
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS!!
Prion Characteristics Answer - single protein, two stable tertiary structures,
mammals contain gene, excess PrP production or mutations in Prp gene, cause
newly synthesized cellular form to refold into prion form
Prion diseases Answer - only destroyed by incineration
Drugs Answer - are used to control the growth of microorganisms in the body/
chemicals that affect physiology
Controlling microbial growth in the body Answer - incineration, UV rays from
sunlight, Pressure
Chemotherapeutic Agents Answer - drugs that act against diseases;
antimicrobials designed to treat infections
Drug examples Answer - Penicillin (antibacterial); tylenol (pain med); insulin
(sugar control); birth control pills; zanax; viagra; caffiene; THC/Acid
Paul Ehrlich Answer - Salvarsan (arsphenamine) 1910- first modern
chemotherapeutic agent; arsenic compound used to treat syphilis
Alexander Fleming Answer - Penicillin 1929- not available routinely until late
1940's; produced by penicillium mold
,Gerhard Domagk Answer - Sulfanilamide 1932- first widely available and
practical antimicrobial agent; inhibits metabolic synthesis of DNA and RNA
nucleotides
Selective toxicity Answer - key factor for antimicrobial action in the body; kill
the pathogen but not the host
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Answer - prevent cross-linkage of NAM in newly
synthesized bacterial cell walls; no effect on existing peptidoglycan; growing
cells; no effect on plant/animal cells
Beta lactams Answer - most prominent in this group; functional of molecules
are beta lactam rings
beta lactam rings Answer - binds to enzymes that cross link NAM subunits;
cause bacteria to have weakened cell walls and eventually lyse
Semisynthetic derivatives of beta-lactams Answer - more stable in acidic
environments; more readily absorbed; less susceptible to deactivation; more
active against more types of bacteria
Inhibition of Protein synthesis Answer - prokaryotic ribosomes are 70s;
selectively targeting and inhibiting translation
Protein synthesis examples Answer - streptomycin; tetracyclines;
erythromycin;
Disruption of cytoplasmic membranes Answer - incorporated into the
cytoplasmic membrane and damage its integrity
, Amphotericin B Answer - attaches to ergosterol found in fungal membranes-
antifungal agent
Sulfa drugs Answer - inhibit metabolic pathways used for biosynthesis of DNA
and RNA nulceotides
Broad spectrum drugs Answer - may allow for secondary or superinfections to
develop (killing of normal flora reduces microbial antagonism)
External Infections: Answer - topical(local)- direct application of creams and
pastes to the skin
Internal Infections: Answer - Oral-simple, but patients struggle following
directions
Intramuscular- direct injection into muscle tissue
Intravenous- direct administration into blood stream via needle/catheter;
achieves highest levels of drug in body in shortest amount of time
Toxicity Answer - kidneys, liver, nerves
Tetracylcine Answer - froms calcium complexes that damage teeth and bones
allergies Answer - rare, but can be life threatening
Disruption of normal flora Answer - yeast infections: overgrowth of Candida
albicans in the vagina or mouth
Pseudomembranous colitis: overgrowth of Clastridium difficile in colon due to
clindamycin and cepahlosporin antibiotics
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS!!
Prion Characteristics Answer - single protein, two stable tertiary structures,
mammals contain gene, excess PrP production or mutations in Prp gene, cause
newly synthesized cellular form to refold into prion form
Prion diseases Answer - only destroyed by incineration
Drugs Answer - are used to control the growth of microorganisms in the body/
chemicals that affect physiology
Controlling microbial growth in the body Answer - incineration, UV rays from
sunlight, Pressure
Chemotherapeutic Agents Answer - drugs that act against diseases;
antimicrobials designed to treat infections
Drug examples Answer - Penicillin (antibacterial); tylenol (pain med); insulin
(sugar control); birth control pills; zanax; viagra; caffiene; THC/Acid
Paul Ehrlich Answer - Salvarsan (arsphenamine) 1910- first modern
chemotherapeutic agent; arsenic compound used to treat syphilis
Alexander Fleming Answer - Penicillin 1929- not available routinely until late
1940's; produced by penicillium mold
,Gerhard Domagk Answer - Sulfanilamide 1932- first widely available and
practical antimicrobial agent; inhibits metabolic synthesis of DNA and RNA
nucleotides
Selective toxicity Answer - key factor for antimicrobial action in the body; kill
the pathogen but not the host
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Answer - prevent cross-linkage of NAM in newly
synthesized bacterial cell walls; no effect on existing peptidoglycan; growing
cells; no effect on plant/animal cells
Beta lactams Answer - most prominent in this group; functional of molecules
are beta lactam rings
beta lactam rings Answer - binds to enzymes that cross link NAM subunits;
cause bacteria to have weakened cell walls and eventually lyse
Semisynthetic derivatives of beta-lactams Answer - more stable in acidic
environments; more readily absorbed; less susceptible to deactivation; more
active against more types of bacteria
Inhibition of Protein synthesis Answer - prokaryotic ribosomes are 70s;
selectively targeting and inhibiting translation
Protein synthesis examples Answer - streptomycin; tetracyclines;
erythromycin;
Disruption of cytoplasmic membranes Answer - incorporated into the
cytoplasmic membrane and damage its integrity
, Amphotericin B Answer - attaches to ergosterol found in fungal membranes-
antifungal agent
Sulfa drugs Answer - inhibit metabolic pathways used for biosynthesis of DNA
and RNA nulceotides
Broad spectrum drugs Answer - may allow for secondary or superinfections to
develop (killing of normal flora reduces microbial antagonism)
External Infections: Answer - topical(local)- direct application of creams and
pastes to the skin
Internal Infections: Answer - Oral-simple, but patients struggle following
directions
Intramuscular- direct injection into muscle tissue
Intravenous- direct administration into blood stream via needle/catheter;
achieves highest levels of drug in body in shortest amount of time
Toxicity Answer - kidneys, liver, nerves
Tetracylcine Answer - froms calcium complexes that damage teeth and bones
allergies Answer - rare, but can be life threatening
Disruption of normal flora Answer - yeast infections: overgrowth of Candida
albicans in the vagina or mouth
Pseudomembranous colitis: overgrowth of Clastridium difficile in colon due to
clindamycin and cepahlosporin antibiotics
