BUAL Exam 1 study guide 2025 with Complete Solutions

012356789  
8 


! ! ! ! ! ! ! !



""""""""#$%&'%(#)*%*#$+$,*-.#$+%//0))12*',%*%)-3 4'-3 %5-'3%/(-
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
(+/%6-57!8!9:;;<9
!=>?@<;!85-'3%/!('-A%A#/#*0!(/-*B
B
C*!#$!%(('-('#%*!*-!+$!*!+5#4-'3!,#$*'#A+6-5!*-!,$)'#A!%!)-565+-+$!'%5,-3!.%'#%A/!D!2
5!8!9:;;<9
!=>?@<;!8'/%6.!4'E+5)#$!-4!%//!(-$$#A/!.%/+$!-4!D!%'!%A-+*!*!$%3 7B
B

!5-'3%/!%(('-D#3%6-5!-4!*!A#5-3#%/!,#$*'#A+6-5!#$!%(('-('#%*!25!8
!9 :;;<9
!=>?@<;!85(!F!G!%5,!5HI!J!(K!F!G7B
B

!L//!2 #&*!-4!%!)'*%#5!A'%5,!-4!%,+/*!)'%/!#$!5-'3%//0!,#$*'#A+*,!2#*!%!3 %5!-4!MIN!&'
%3$!%5,!%!$*%5,%',!,.#%6-5!-4!G!&'%3$7!@ !)%/)+/%*,!*!.%/+!-4!O!4-'!%!$()#L)!A-D!-4!*#
$!A'%5,!-4!)'%/P!%5,!*!O!.%/+!2%$!5&%6.7!
#$!5&%6.!O!.%/+!#5,#)%*$!*%*!8
!9 :;;<9
!=>?@<;!8*!L//!2 #&*!#$!/$$!*%5!MIN!&'%3$7B
B
@#)!-4!*!4-//-2#5&!$*%*3 5*$!#$!5-*!%!('-('*0!-4!*!5-'3%/!('-A%A#/#*0!,#$*'#A+6-5Q!8
!9 :;;<9
!=>?@<;!8
MG7RR!(')5*!-4!%//!(-$$#A/!-A$'.,!.%/+$!-4!*!'%5,-3!.%'#%A/!D!%'!2#*#5!(/+$!-'!3#5+
$!*' !$*%5,%',!,.#%6-5$!-4!*!(-(+/%6-5!3 %57B
B
C4!*!'%5,-3!.%'#%A/!D!#$!5-'3%//0!,#$*'#A+*,P!""""""!(')5*!-4!%//!(-$$#A/!-A$'.,!.%/+
$!-4!D!2#//!A!2#*#5!*' !$*%5,%',!,.#%6-5$!-4!*!3 %57!8!9:;;<9
!=>?@<;!8MM7STB
B

!O!.%/+!*//$!+$!*!5+3A'!-4!""""""""!*%*!%!.%/+!-4!D!#$!4'-3!*!3 %5!8
!9 :;;<9
!=>?@<;!8$*%5,%',!,.#%6-5$B
B