MN 551: MN 551 Unit 9 Quiz. Questions & Answers With Rationale. A Rated.

Question 1. A clinician is conducting an assessment of a male patient suspected of having a disorder of motor function. Which of the following assessment findings would suggest a possible upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion? (Points : 0.4) The patient has decreased deep tendon reflexes. The patient displays increased muscle tone. The patient's muscles appear atrophied. The patient displays weakness in the distal portions of his limbs. Rationale: UMNs typically produce increased muscle tone, while hyporeflexia, muscle atrophy, and weakness in the distal portion of the limbs are more commonly indicative of lower motor neuron (LMN) lesions Question 2. A 51-year-old has been admitted to a rehabilitation center after hospital treatment for an ischemic stroke. Which of the following aspects of the patient's history would not be considered to have contributed to his stroke? (Points : 0.4) He was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes eight years ago Elevated cholesterol Blood pressure that is normally 120/80 The patient is an African American Male History of sickle cell anemia Question 3. Following a spinal cord injury suffered in a motor vehicle accident, a 22-year-old male has lost fine motor function of his finger and thumb, but is still able to perform gross motor movements of his hand and arm. Which of the following components of his white matter has most likely been damaged? (Points : 0.4) The inner layer (archilayer) The middle layer (paleolayer) The outer layer (neolayer) The reticular formation Rationale: Fine manipulation skills are the domain of the outer layer, or neolayer, of tract systems. The inner and middle layers and the reticular formation are not noted to be responsible for these functions. Question 4. A 44-year-old female has been diagnosed with major depression. Which of the following neuroimaging findings is most congruent with the woman's diagnosis? (Points : 0.4) Decreased brain activity in the pons and brain stem Reduced activity and gray matter volume in the prefrontal cortex Atrophy and decreased blood flow in the amygdala Enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles and reduction in frontal and temporal volumes Rationale: In some cases of familial major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, PET and MRI studies have demonstrated a reduction in the volume of gray matter in the prefrontal cortex, with an associated decrease in activity in the region. Brain stem involvement is not common and the amygdala tends to have increased blood flow and oxygen consumption during depression. Enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles and reduction in frontal and temporal volumes are associated with schizophrenia, Question 5. Which of the following phenomena constitutes a component of axonal transport? (Points : 0.4) Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport allow for the communication of nerve impulses between a neuron and the central nervous system (CNS). Materials can be transported to the nerve terminal by either fast or slow components. The unidirectional nature of the axonal transport system protects the CNS against potential pathogens. Axonal transport facilitates the movement of electrical impulses but precludes the transport of molecular materials.