MED SURG HESI V1 FINAL PAPER 2026 ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which
outcome statement is the priority for this client?
Fluid and electrolyte balance.
Prevention of water toxicity.
Reduced glucose in the urine.
Adequate cellular nourishment. Answer: Adequate cellular
nourishment.
Diabetes mellitus Type 1 is characterized by hyperglycemia that
precipitates glucosuria and polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia
(excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Polyphagia is a
consequence of cellular malnourishment when insulin deficiency
prevents utilization of glucose into the cell for energy, so the
outcome statement should include stabilization of adequate cellular
nutrition which is done by providing the insulin supplement the
client needs.
◉ A client who was in a motor vehicle collision was admitted to the
hospital and the right knee was placed in skeletal traction. The nurse
has documented this nursing diagnosis in the client's medical
,record: "Potential for impairment of skin integrity related to
immobility from traction." Which nursing intervention is indicated
based on this diagnosis statement?
Release the traction q4h to provide skin care.
Turn the client for back care while suspending traction.
Provide back and skin care while maintaining the traction.
Give back care after the client is released from traction.. Answer:
Provide back and skin care while maintaining the traction.
Maintaining skin integrity and providing back care is difficult when a
client is in traction, but must be performed and is the correct
intervention to maintain the client's skin integrity.
◉ A client who is sexually active with several partners requests an
intrauterine device (IUD) as a contraceptive method. Which
information should the nurse provide?
Using an IUD offers no protection against sexually transmitted
diseases (STD), which increase the risk for pelvic inflammatory
disease (PID).
Getting pregnant while using an IUD is common and is not the best
contraceptive choice.
,Relying on an IUD may be a safer choice for monogamous partners,
but a barrier method provides a better option in preventing STD
transmission.
Selecting a contraceptive device should consider choosing a
successful method used in the past.. Answer: Using an IUD offers no
protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STD), which
increase the risk for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
The use of an intrauterine device (IUD) provides the client with no
protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
◉ During assessment of a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS), which finding should the nurse identify when planning care
for this client?
Muscle weakness.
Urinary frequency.
Abnormal involuntary movements.
A decline in cognitive function.. Answer: Muscle weakness.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by a
degeneration of motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord and
is manifested by muscle weakness and wasting.
, ◉ How should the nurse position the electrodes for modified chest
lead one (MCL I) telemetry monitoring?
Positive polarity right shoulder, negative polarity left shoulder,
ground left chest nipple line.
Positive polarity left shoulder, negative polarity right chest nipple
line, ground left chest nipple line.
Positive polarity right chest nipple line, negative polarity left chest
nipple line, ground left shoulder.
Negative polarity left shoulder, positive polarity right chest nipple
line, ground left chest nipple line.. Answer: Negative polarity left
shoulder, positive polarity right chest nipple line, ground left chest
nipple line.
In MCL I monitoring, the positive electrode is placed on the client's
mid-chest to the right of the sternum, and the negative electrode is
placed on the upper left part of the chest. The ground may be placed
anywhere, but is usually placed on the lower left portion of the
chest.
◉ Which condition should the nurse suspect when a client reports
vaginal dryness during intercourse?
Obstructed Bartholin's glands.
Hyperactive sebaceous glands.
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which
outcome statement is the priority for this client?
Fluid and electrolyte balance.
Prevention of water toxicity.
Reduced glucose in the urine.
Adequate cellular nourishment. Answer: Adequate cellular
nourishment.
Diabetes mellitus Type 1 is characterized by hyperglycemia that
precipitates glucosuria and polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia
(excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Polyphagia is a
consequence of cellular malnourishment when insulin deficiency
prevents utilization of glucose into the cell for energy, so the
outcome statement should include stabilization of adequate cellular
nutrition which is done by providing the insulin supplement the
client needs.
◉ A client who was in a motor vehicle collision was admitted to the
hospital and the right knee was placed in skeletal traction. The nurse
has documented this nursing diagnosis in the client's medical
,record: "Potential for impairment of skin integrity related to
immobility from traction." Which nursing intervention is indicated
based on this diagnosis statement?
Release the traction q4h to provide skin care.
Turn the client for back care while suspending traction.
Provide back and skin care while maintaining the traction.
Give back care after the client is released from traction.. Answer:
Provide back and skin care while maintaining the traction.
Maintaining skin integrity and providing back care is difficult when a
client is in traction, but must be performed and is the correct
intervention to maintain the client's skin integrity.
◉ A client who is sexually active with several partners requests an
intrauterine device (IUD) as a contraceptive method. Which
information should the nurse provide?
Using an IUD offers no protection against sexually transmitted
diseases (STD), which increase the risk for pelvic inflammatory
disease (PID).
Getting pregnant while using an IUD is common and is not the best
contraceptive choice.
,Relying on an IUD may be a safer choice for monogamous partners,
but a barrier method provides a better option in preventing STD
transmission.
Selecting a contraceptive device should consider choosing a
successful method used in the past.. Answer: Using an IUD offers no
protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STD), which
increase the risk for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
The use of an intrauterine device (IUD) provides the client with no
protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
◉ During assessment of a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS), which finding should the nurse identify when planning care
for this client?
Muscle weakness.
Urinary frequency.
Abnormal involuntary movements.
A decline in cognitive function.. Answer: Muscle weakness.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by a
degeneration of motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord and
is manifested by muscle weakness and wasting.
, ◉ How should the nurse position the electrodes for modified chest
lead one (MCL I) telemetry monitoring?
Positive polarity right shoulder, negative polarity left shoulder,
ground left chest nipple line.
Positive polarity left shoulder, negative polarity right chest nipple
line, ground left chest nipple line.
Positive polarity right chest nipple line, negative polarity left chest
nipple line, ground left shoulder.
Negative polarity left shoulder, positive polarity right chest nipple
line, ground left chest nipple line.. Answer: Negative polarity left
shoulder, positive polarity right chest nipple line, ground left chest
nipple line.
In MCL I monitoring, the positive electrode is placed on the client's
mid-chest to the right of the sternum, and the negative electrode is
placed on the upper left part of the chest. The ground may be placed
anywhere, but is usually placed on the lower left portion of the
chest.
◉ Which condition should the nurse suspect when a client reports
vaginal dryness during intercourse?
Obstructed Bartholin's glands.
Hyperactive sebaceous glands.
