Page 1 of 112
NSG 3160 exam 3 NEWEST ALL 450 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026-2027 LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR
NSG 3160 exam 3
The nurse is assessing heart sounds and hears a murmur at the second intercostal space, right
sternal border during systole. Which heart valve is most likely affected?
A. Mitral valve
B. Tricuspid valve
C. Aortic valve
D. Pulmonic valve
C. Aortic valve
Rationale: The aortic valve is best auscultated at the second intercostal space, right sternal
border. A murmur heard in this area during systole suggests aortic stenosis, a condition where
the aortic valve does not fully open, restricting blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta.
A patient with mitral valve stenosis is most likely to develop which complication?
A. Right ventricular hypertrophy
B. Left ventricular hypertrophy
C. Pulmonary congestion
D. Decreased right atrial pressure
,Page 2 of 112
C. Pulmonary congestion
Rationale: Mitral stenosis causes increased pressure in the left atrium, leading to pulmonary
hypertension and congestion as blood backs up into the lungs. This can result in symptoms such
as dyspnea and orthopnea.
A patient is diagnosed with tricuspid regurgitation. Which of the following symptoms would
the nurse expect to find?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Peripheral edema
C. Decreased jugular venous pressure
D. Bounding carotid pulse
B. Peripheral edema
Rationale: Tricuspid regurgitation causes blood to back up into the right atrium and venous
system, leading to peripheral edema, ascites, and jugular vein distension. It does not cause
pulmonary edema because it affects the right heart, not the left.
During cardiac auscultation, the nurse hears a diastolic murmur at the second intercostal
space, left sternal border. Which valve disorder is most likely?
A. Aortic regurgitation
B. Pulmonic stenosis
C. Mitral stenosis
D. Tricuspid stenosis
,Page 3 of 112
A. Aortic regurgitation
Rationale: Aortic regurgitation causes a diastolic murmur heard best at the second intercostal
space, left sternal border due to backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during
diastole.
Which valve disorder is most commonly associated with rheumatic heart disease?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Mitral stenosis
C. Pulmonic regurgitation
D. Tricuspid regurgitation
B. Mitral stenosis
Rationale: Mitral stenosis is the most common valvular complication of rheumatic heart
disease, leading to thickening and narrowing of the mitral valve, impeding blood flow from the
left atrium to the left ventricle.
The nurse is assessing a patient with pulmonary valve stenosis. Which finding would be
expected?
A. Increased right atrial pressure
B. Bounding pulses
C. Hypertension
D. Widened pulse pressure
, Page 4 of 112
A. Increased right atrial pressure
Rationale: Pulmonic stenosis causes right ventricular hypertrophy and increased right atrial
pressure, leading to jugular vein distension (JVD), hepatomegaly, and peripheral
A patient with aortic stenosis is at risk for which complication?
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
B. Right ventricular hypertrophy
C. Increased cardiac output
D. Bradycardia
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
Rationale: Aortic stenosis causes increased resistance to left ventricular outflow, resulting in
left ventricular hypertrophy as the heart works harder to pump blood through the stenotic
valve.
A nurse is educating a patient with mitral valve prolapse. Which statement by the patient
indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should avoid caffeine and alcohol."
B. "I need antibiotics before every dental procedure."
C. "I might experience palpitations and dizziness."
D. "My condition may be associated with a mid-systolic click."
B. "I need antibiotics before every dental procedure."
Rationale: Routine antibiotic prophylaxis for mitral valve prolapse is not recommended unless
NSG 3160 exam 3 NEWEST ALL 450 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026-2027 LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR
NSG 3160 exam 3
The nurse is assessing heart sounds and hears a murmur at the second intercostal space, right
sternal border during systole. Which heart valve is most likely affected?
A. Mitral valve
B. Tricuspid valve
C. Aortic valve
D. Pulmonic valve
C. Aortic valve
Rationale: The aortic valve is best auscultated at the second intercostal space, right sternal
border. A murmur heard in this area during systole suggests aortic stenosis, a condition where
the aortic valve does not fully open, restricting blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta.
A patient with mitral valve stenosis is most likely to develop which complication?
A. Right ventricular hypertrophy
B. Left ventricular hypertrophy
C. Pulmonary congestion
D. Decreased right atrial pressure
,Page 2 of 112
C. Pulmonary congestion
Rationale: Mitral stenosis causes increased pressure in the left atrium, leading to pulmonary
hypertension and congestion as blood backs up into the lungs. This can result in symptoms such
as dyspnea and orthopnea.
A patient is diagnosed with tricuspid regurgitation. Which of the following symptoms would
the nurse expect to find?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Peripheral edema
C. Decreased jugular venous pressure
D. Bounding carotid pulse
B. Peripheral edema
Rationale: Tricuspid regurgitation causes blood to back up into the right atrium and venous
system, leading to peripheral edema, ascites, and jugular vein distension. It does not cause
pulmonary edema because it affects the right heart, not the left.
During cardiac auscultation, the nurse hears a diastolic murmur at the second intercostal
space, left sternal border. Which valve disorder is most likely?
A. Aortic regurgitation
B. Pulmonic stenosis
C. Mitral stenosis
D. Tricuspid stenosis
,Page 3 of 112
A. Aortic regurgitation
Rationale: Aortic regurgitation causes a diastolic murmur heard best at the second intercostal
space, left sternal border due to backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during
diastole.
Which valve disorder is most commonly associated with rheumatic heart disease?
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Mitral stenosis
C. Pulmonic regurgitation
D. Tricuspid regurgitation
B. Mitral stenosis
Rationale: Mitral stenosis is the most common valvular complication of rheumatic heart
disease, leading to thickening and narrowing of the mitral valve, impeding blood flow from the
left atrium to the left ventricle.
The nurse is assessing a patient with pulmonary valve stenosis. Which finding would be
expected?
A. Increased right atrial pressure
B. Bounding pulses
C. Hypertension
D. Widened pulse pressure
, Page 4 of 112
A. Increased right atrial pressure
Rationale: Pulmonic stenosis causes right ventricular hypertrophy and increased right atrial
pressure, leading to jugular vein distension (JVD), hepatomegaly, and peripheral
A patient with aortic stenosis is at risk for which complication?
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
B. Right ventricular hypertrophy
C. Increased cardiac output
D. Bradycardia
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
Rationale: Aortic stenosis causes increased resistance to left ventricular outflow, resulting in
left ventricular hypertrophy as the heart works harder to pump blood through the stenotic
valve.
A nurse is educating a patient with mitral valve prolapse. Which statement by the patient
indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should avoid caffeine and alcohol."
B. "I need antibiotics before every dental procedure."
C. "I might experience palpitations and dizziness."
D. "My condition may be associated with a mid-systolic click."
B. "I need antibiotics before every dental procedure."
Rationale: Routine antibiotic prophylaxis for mitral valve prolapse is not recommended unless
