NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers
What is nephrotic syndrome? Correct Answer: A
condition of increased glomerular permeability that
allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane
into the urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? Correct
Answer: -Massive proteinuria
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Edema (facial and periorbital)
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is
greater than what? Correct Answer: 3.5g in 24 hours
,What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? Correct
Answer: -immunosuppressant agents (if immunity
based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve
kidney function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI Correct Answer:
creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI Correct Answer:
creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI Correct Answer:
creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. Correct Answer:
Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
,-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low
cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. Correct Answer:
Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. Correct Answer:
Obstruction that occurs after the kidney.
, -Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure
(MAP)? Correct Answer: Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? Correct
Answer: 65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? Correct
Answer: -NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be
monitored? Correct Answer: Watch for dehydration and
make sure output is greater than input
Answers
What is nephrotic syndrome? Correct Answer: A
condition of increased glomerular permeability that
allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane
into the urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? Correct
Answer: -Massive proteinuria
-Hypoalbuminemia
-Edema (facial and periorbital)
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is
greater than what? Correct Answer: 3.5g in 24 hours
,What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? Correct
Answer: -immunosuppressant agents (if immunity
based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve
kidney function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI Correct Answer:
creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI Correct Answer:
creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI Correct Answer:
creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. Correct Answer:
Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
,-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low
cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. Correct Answer:
Tissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. Correct Answer:
Obstruction that occurs after the kidney.
, -Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure
(MAP)? Correct Answer: Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? Correct
Answer: 65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? Correct
Answer: -NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be
monitored? Correct Answer: Watch for dehydration and
make sure output is greater than input
