NDHCE BOARD EXAM - COMMUNITY
HEALTH AND RESEARCH
PRINCIPLES
Whata1area1thea1fivea1rolesa1ofa1thea1Dentala1Hygienista1ina1Publica1Health?a1-
a1ans✔Clinician
Educator
Advocate
Researcher
Administrator
Definea1Clinician:a1-a1ans✔Providesa1patienta1care.
Definea1Educator:a1-a1ans✔Educatesa1studentsa1anda1thea1community.
Definea1Advocate:a1-a1ans✔Promotesa1changesa1througha1legislationa1anda1policy.
Definea1Researcher:a1-a1ans✔Collectsa1data,a1communicatesa1scientifica1findings.
Whata1area1thea1levelsa1ofa1prevention?a1-a1ans✔Primarya1preventions
Secondarya1preventions
Tertiarya1preventions
Definea1Primarya1preventions:a1-
a1ans✔Preventsa1thea1onseta1ofa1aa1disease,a1reversesa1thea1initiala1stagesa1ofa1aa1dise
ase,a1ora1arresta1thea1progressa1ofa1aa1diseasea1beforea1treatmenta1isa1needed.
Ex.a1Orala1prophylaxis,a1fluoridea1treatments,a1dietarya1counseling,a1vaccinations,a1etc.
Definea1Secondarya1preventions:a1-
a1ans✔Terminatea1aa1diseasea1anda1restorea1tissuesa1toa1neara1normala1functiona1anda1
earlya1detectiona1ofa1aa1disease.
Ex.a1Drillinga1anda1fillinga1aa1cavity,a1periodontala1therapy,a1periodontala1screening,a1bre
asta1cancera1screening,a1etc.
,Definea1Tertiarya1preventions:a1-
a1ans✔Replacea1losta1tissuesa1anda1rehabilitatea1thema1toa1neara1normala1function.
Ex.a1Dentala1implants,a1bridges,a1etc.
___________a1isa1thea1mosta1commona1chronica1childhooda1diseasea1anda1isa1onea1ofa1
thea1majora1reasonsa1fora1childrena1toa1_______.a1-
a1ans✔Dentala1caries;a1missa1schoola1days.
Truea1ora1false:a1Higha1socioeconomica1statusa1(SCS)a1isa1stronglya1relateda1toa1cariesa
1risk.a1-a1ans✔False.
Lowa1SCSa1isa1associateda1witha1cariesa1risk.a1Peoplea1cannota1afforda1toa1goa1toa1thea1
dentista1ora1hygienist.
Roota1cariesa1riska1increasesa1witha1agea1becausea1of:
(3a1answers)a1-a1ans✔Gingivala1recession
Medicationsa1(xerostomia)
Lacka1ofa1orala1care
Howa1area1caries/roota1cariesa1preventeda1by?a1-a1ans✔Dietarya1Education
Dietarya1Counseling
Sealanta1programs
Fluoridea1therapy
Orala1hygienea1education
Besta1resultsa1area1whena1sealantsa1area1applieda1withina1_____a1monthsa1ofa1thea1erup
tiona1ofa1molars.a1-a1ans✔6a1months
_______a1area1thea1primarya1causea1ofa1periodontala1disease.a1-a1ans✔Bacteria
Whata1isa1thea1mosta1importanta1riska1factorsa1fora1periodontala1disease?a1-
a1ans✔Smoking
Periodontala1destructiona1isa1____a1timesa1highera1thana1ina1non-smokers.a1-a1ans✔2-6
Witha1regardsa1toa1smoking,a1thea1extenta1ofa1periodontala1diseasea1isa1directlya1related
a1to:a1-
a1ans✔Thea1numbera1ofa1cigarettesa1smokeda1anda1thea1numbera1ofa1yearsa1smoking.
Whata1isa1reduceda1ora1absenta1ina1smokers?a1-a1ans✔Gingivala1inflammation
Bleeding
Area1mena1ora1womena1morea1ata1riska1ofa1periodontala1disease?a1-a1ans✔Men
Whata1area1thea1twoa1majora1riska1factorsa1fora1orala1cancer?a1-a1ans✔Smoking
Alcohola1consumption
,Whata1area1thea15Asa1ina1thea15Aa1interventiona1model?a1-a1ans✔Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange
Whena1teachinga1smokinga1clientsa1howa1toa1performa1ana1orala1cancera1self-
examination,a1wea1shoulda1advisea1clientsa1toa1looka1fora1_____.a1-
a1ans✔Pigmentationa1sucha1asa1smoker'sa1melanosis.
Truea1ora1False:
Asa1ana1advocatea1ina1publica1health,a1aa1dentala1hygienista1woulda1managea1orala1healt
ha1programs.a1-a1ans✔False.
Thea1rolea1ofa1ana1advocatea1woulda1bea1toa1promotea1changesa1througha1legislationa1a
nda1policy.a1Thea1rolea1ofa1ana1administratora1woulda1bea1toa1managea1orala1healtha1pro
grams.
Truea1ora1False:
Smokinga1isa1thea1primarya1causea1ofa1periodontala1disease.a1-
a1ans✔False.a1Bacteriaa1area1thea1primarya1causea1ofa1periodontala1disease.
Truea1ora1False:
Dentala1implantsa1area1ana1examplea1ofa1aa1secondarya1prevention.a1-
a1ans✔False.a1Dentala1implantsa1area1ana1examplea1ofa1aa1tertiarya1prevention.
Truea1ora1False:
Periodontala1diseasesa1affecta1approximatelya1halfa1ofa1thea1populationa1ina1thea1Uniteda
1States.a1-
a1ans✔True.a1Anda1ita1isa1estimateda1thata170%a1ofa1peoplea1havea1ita1whena1theya1area
165+a1yearsa1old.
Truea1ora1False:
Primarya1preventionsa1terminatea1aa1diseasea1anda1restorea1tissuesa1toa1neara1normala1
function.a1-a1ans✔False.a1Primarya1preventionsa1preventa1thea1onseta1ofa1aa1disease.
Truea1ora1False:
Thea1rolesa1ofa1thea1dentala1hygienista1ina1publica1healtha1includea1clinician,a1educator,a1
advocate,a1researcher,a1anda1administrator.a1-a1ans✔True.
Truea1ora1False:
Thea15Aa1interventiona1modela1thata1aa1hygienista1cana1usea1toa1assista1aa1patienta1witha
1tobaccoa1cessationa1includesa1thea1followinga1steps:
Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
, Attenda1-a1ans✔False.a1Ita1is:
Ask
Advise
Assess
Assista1
Arrange
Truea1ora1False:
Thea1mosta1commona1chronica1childhooda1diseasea1isa1dentala1caries.a1-a1ans✔True
Truea1ora1False:
Communitya1watera1fluoridationa1isa1thea1singlea1mosta1effectivea1publica1healtha1measu
rea1toa1preventa1tootha1decay.a1-a1ans✔True
Healtha1Canada'sa1recommendeda1optimala1concentrationa1ofa1fluoridea1isa1between:a1-
a1ans✔0.7-1.2mg/L
Whata1isa1thea1maximuma1acceptablea1concentrationa1ofa1fluoridea1ina1drinkinga1water?
a1-a1ans✔1.5mg/L
Bottleda1watera1usuallya1containsa1lessa1thana1_____a1ofa1fluoride.a1-a1ans✔0.3a1ppm
Truea1ora1False:
Aa1lifetimea1ofa1fluoridateda1watera1fora1ana1individuala1costsa1thea1equivalenta1ofa1appro
ximatelya1twoa1dentala1fillings.a1-
a1ans✔False.a1Ita1woulda1costa1lessa1thana1onea1dentala1filling.
Howa1mucha1highera1isa1thea1fluoridea1levela1ina1aa1schoola1watera1fluoridationa1program
a1compareda1toa1thea1recommendeda1communitya1watera1fluoridationa1levels?a1-
a1ans✔4-5a1timesa1higher.
Truea1ora1False:
Therea1isa1limiteda1successa1witha1thea1schoola1watera1fluoridationa1program.a1-
a1ans✔True.a1Childrena1area1ata1schoola1onlya1parta1ofa1eacha1daya1anda1year.
Truea1ora1False:
Schoola1fluoridea1rinsea1programa1isa1costa1effectivea1anda1thereforea1isa1commonlya1us
eda1today.a1-a1ans✔False.
Schoola1fluoridea1rinsea1programsa1area1nota1costa1effectivea1anda1theya1area1nota1com
monlya1useda1anymore.
Whata1isa1thea1concentrationa1ofa1fluoridea1ina1aa1fluoridea1rinsea1programa1anda1howa1lo
nga1anda1oftena1shoulda1theya1rinsea1ina1theira1mouthsa1for?a1-
a1ans✔0.2%a1fora160a1secondsa1oncea1aa1week.
HEALTH AND RESEARCH
PRINCIPLES
Whata1area1thea1fivea1rolesa1ofa1thea1Dentala1Hygienista1ina1Publica1Health?a1-
a1ans✔Clinician
Educator
Advocate
Researcher
Administrator
Definea1Clinician:a1-a1ans✔Providesa1patienta1care.
Definea1Educator:a1-a1ans✔Educatesa1studentsa1anda1thea1community.
Definea1Advocate:a1-a1ans✔Promotesa1changesa1througha1legislationa1anda1policy.
Definea1Researcher:a1-a1ans✔Collectsa1data,a1communicatesa1scientifica1findings.
Whata1area1thea1levelsa1ofa1prevention?a1-a1ans✔Primarya1preventions
Secondarya1preventions
Tertiarya1preventions
Definea1Primarya1preventions:a1-
a1ans✔Preventsa1thea1onseta1ofa1aa1disease,a1reversesa1thea1initiala1stagesa1ofa1aa1dise
ase,a1ora1arresta1thea1progressa1ofa1aa1diseasea1beforea1treatmenta1isa1needed.
Ex.a1Orala1prophylaxis,a1fluoridea1treatments,a1dietarya1counseling,a1vaccinations,a1etc.
Definea1Secondarya1preventions:a1-
a1ans✔Terminatea1aa1diseasea1anda1restorea1tissuesa1toa1neara1normala1functiona1anda1
earlya1detectiona1ofa1aa1disease.
Ex.a1Drillinga1anda1fillinga1aa1cavity,a1periodontala1therapy,a1periodontala1screening,a1bre
asta1cancera1screening,a1etc.
,Definea1Tertiarya1preventions:a1-
a1ans✔Replacea1losta1tissuesa1anda1rehabilitatea1thema1toa1neara1normala1function.
Ex.a1Dentala1implants,a1bridges,a1etc.
___________a1isa1thea1mosta1commona1chronica1childhooda1diseasea1anda1isa1onea1ofa1
thea1majora1reasonsa1fora1childrena1toa1_______.a1-
a1ans✔Dentala1caries;a1missa1schoola1days.
Truea1ora1false:a1Higha1socioeconomica1statusa1(SCS)a1isa1stronglya1relateda1toa1cariesa
1risk.a1-a1ans✔False.
Lowa1SCSa1isa1associateda1witha1cariesa1risk.a1Peoplea1cannota1afforda1toa1goa1toa1thea1
dentista1ora1hygienist.
Roota1cariesa1riska1increasesa1witha1agea1becausea1of:
(3a1answers)a1-a1ans✔Gingivala1recession
Medicationsa1(xerostomia)
Lacka1ofa1orala1care
Howa1area1caries/roota1cariesa1preventeda1by?a1-a1ans✔Dietarya1Education
Dietarya1Counseling
Sealanta1programs
Fluoridea1therapy
Orala1hygienea1education
Besta1resultsa1area1whena1sealantsa1area1applieda1withina1_____a1monthsa1ofa1thea1erup
tiona1ofa1molars.a1-a1ans✔6a1months
_______a1area1thea1primarya1causea1ofa1periodontala1disease.a1-a1ans✔Bacteria
Whata1isa1thea1mosta1importanta1riska1factorsa1fora1periodontala1disease?a1-
a1ans✔Smoking
Periodontala1destructiona1isa1____a1timesa1highera1thana1ina1non-smokers.a1-a1ans✔2-6
Witha1regardsa1toa1smoking,a1thea1extenta1ofa1periodontala1diseasea1isa1directlya1related
a1to:a1-
a1ans✔Thea1numbera1ofa1cigarettesa1smokeda1anda1thea1numbera1ofa1yearsa1smoking.
Whata1isa1reduceda1ora1absenta1ina1smokers?a1-a1ans✔Gingivala1inflammation
Bleeding
Area1mena1ora1womena1morea1ata1riska1ofa1periodontala1disease?a1-a1ans✔Men
Whata1area1thea1twoa1majora1riska1factorsa1fora1orala1cancer?a1-a1ans✔Smoking
Alcohola1consumption
,Whata1area1thea15Asa1ina1thea15Aa1interventiona1model?a1-a1ans✔Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange
Whena1teachinga1smokinga1clientsa1howa1toa1performa1ana1orala1cancera1self-
examination,a1wea1shoulda1advisea1clientsa1toa1looka1fora1_____.a1-
a1ans✔Pigmentationa1sucha1asa1smoker'sa1melanosis.
Truea1ora1False:
Asa1ana1advocatea1ina1publica1health,a1aa1dentala1hygienista1woulda1managea1orala1healt
ha1programs.a1-a1ans✔False.
Thea1rolea1ofa1ana1advocatea1woulda1bea1toa1promotea1changesa1througha1legislationa1a
nda1policy.a1Thea1rolea1ofa1ana1administratora1woulda1bea1toa1managea1orala1healtha1pro
grams.
Truea1ora1False:
Smokinga1isa1thea1primarya1causea1ofa1periodontala1disease.a1-
a1ans✔False.a1Bacteriaa1area1thea1primarya1causea1ofa1periodontala1disease.
Truea1ora1False:
Dentala1implantsa1area1ana1examplea1ofa1aa1secondarya1prevention.a1-
a1ans✔False.a1Dentala1implantsa1area1ana1examplea1ofa1aa1tertiarya1prevention.
Truea1ora1False:
Periodontala1diseasesa1affecta1approximatelya1halfa1ofa1thea1populationa1ina1thea1Uniteda
1States.a1-
a1ans✔True.a1Anda1ita1isa1estimateda1thata170%a1ofa1peoplea1havea1ita1whena1theya1area
165+a1yearsa1old.
Truea1ora1False:
Primarya1preventionsa1terminatea1aa1diseasea1anda1restorea1tissuesa1toa1neara1normala1
function.a1-a1ans✔False.a1Primarya1preventionsa1preventa1thea1onseta1ofa1aa1disease.
Truea1ora1False:
Thea1rolesa1ofa1thea1dentala1hygienista1ina1publica1healtha1includea1clinician,a1educator,a1
advocate,a1researcher,a1anda1administrator.a1-a1ans✔True.
Truea1ora1False:
Thea15Aa1interventiona1modela1thata1aa1hygienista1cana1usea1toa1assista1aa1patienta1witha
1tobaccoa1cessationa1includesa1thea1followinga1steps:
Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
, Attenda1-a1ans✔False.a1Ita1is:
Ask
Advise
Assess
Assista1
Arrange
Truea1ora1False:
Thea1mosta1commona1chronica1childhooda1diseasea1isa1dentala1caries.a1-a1ans✔True
Truea1ora1False:
Communitya1watera1fluoridationa1isa1thea1singlea1mosta1effectivea1publica1healtha1measu
rea1toa1preventa1tootha1decay.a1-a1ans✔True
Healtha1Canada'sa1recommendeda1optimala1concentrationa1ofa1fluoridea1isa1between:a1-
a1ans✔0.7-1.2mg/L
Whata1isa1thea1maximuma1acceptablea1concentrationa1ofa1fluoridea1ina1drinkinga1water?
a1-a1ans✔1.5mg/L
Bottleda1watera1usuallya1containsa1lessa1thana1_____a1ofa1fluoride.a1-a1ans✔0.3a1ppm
Truea1ora1False:
Aa1lifetimea1ofa1fluoridateda1watera1fora1ana1individuala1costsa1thea1equivalenta1ofa1appro
ximatelya1twoa1dentala1fillings.a1-
a1ans✔False.a1Ita1woulda1costa1lessa1thana1onea1dentala1filling.
Howa1mucha1highera1isa1thea1fluoridea1levela1ina1aa1schoola1watera1fluoridationa1program
a1compareda1toa1thea1recommendeda1communitya1watera1fluoridationa1levels?a1-
a1ans✔4-5a1timesa1higher.
Truea1ora1False:
Therea1isa1limiteda1successa1witha1thea1schoola1watera1fluoridationa1program.a1-
a1ans✔True.a1Childrena1area1ata1schoola1onlya1parta1ofa1eacha1daya1anda1year.
Truea1ora1False:
Schoola1fluoridea1rinsea1programa1isa1costa1effectivea1anda1thereforea1isa1commonlya1us
eda1today.a1-a1ans✔False.
Schoola1fluoridea1rinsea1programsa1area1nota1costa1effectivea1anda1theya1area1nota1com
monlya1useda1anymore.
Whata1isa1thea1concentrationa1ofa1fluoridea1ina1aa1fluoridea1rinsea1programa1anda1howa1lo
nga1anda1oftena1shoulda1theya1rinsea1ina1theira1mouthsa1for?a1-
a1ans✔0.2%a1fora160a1secondsa1oncea1aa1week.
