MDC 1 Exam 2: Nursing Care and Mobility Concepts
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) - correct answer Basic self-care tasks: bathing, dressing,
grooming, eating, toileting, transferring.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) - correct answer Complex skills for independent
living: shopping, cooking, managing meds/finances, using phone, housework, transportation.
Assistive Technology - correct answer Any item or system that improves function for people
with disabilities (includes devices & adaptations).
Assistive Device - correct answer Helps perform specific tasks (e.g., walker, hearing aid).
Adaptive Device - correct answer Modifies the environment to support function (e.g., grab bars,
modified utensils).
Critical-Care Nursing - correct answer Care for critically ill patients in ICUs, virtual, and
community settings.
Home Health Nursing - correct answer Holistic care in patients' homes; involves coordination
with interdisciplinary teams.
Medical-Surgical Nursing - correct answer Hospital/community-based care from adolescence to
end of life.
Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Holistic care for patients recovering from illness/injury
or managing life-altering conditions.
Rehabilitation - correct answer Relearning or adapting skills to reach full potential.
Impairment - correct answer Loss of normal function at organ/body level (e.g., hemiparesis).
Orthosis - correct answer External device that supports or corrects joint deformity (e.g., brace).
Prosthesis - correct answer Device that replaces a missing body part.
Transfer - correct answer Moving a patient (e.g., bed to wheelchair).
Transitional Care - correct answer Coordinated care across different settings to maintain
continuity.
Rehospitalization - correct answer Readmission within 30 days of hospital discharge.
Telehealth - correct answer Using technology to deliver healthcare services remotely.
Third-Party Payer - correct answer Insurance or organization that reimburses covered
healthcare services.
Scope of Nursing Practice - correct answer Applies to all registered nurses (RNs) and advanced
practice registered nurses (APRNs).
,Tenets of All Nursing Practice - correct answer Caring and health are central.
Professional Foundations of Nursing - correct answer Distinct body of knowledge.
ANA Standards of Practice - correct answer Define competencies in delivering care using the
nursing process.
ANA Standards of Professional Performance - correct answer Describe behavioral expectations
for RNs, including ethical practice, cultural competence, effective communication, collaboration
with patients and stakeholders, leadership in practice and profession, lifelong learning and
futuristic thinking, evidence-based practice, quality improvement contributions, self and peer
evaluation, resource utilization (safe, effective, cost-conscious), environmental health and
safety.
Medical-Surgical Nursing Definition - correct answer Medical-surgical nursing is a specialty
practice that delivers nursing care to patients from adolescence through end of life across
various inpatient and outpatient settings.
Hospitalization Costs - correct answer Nearly 1/3 of the $3.5 trillion U.S. health care spending is
on hospitalizations, including readmissions within 30 days (rehospitalizations).
Rehospitalization Concerns - correct answer About 20% of Medicare patients are
rehospitalized.
Older adults (65+) - correct answer Especially at risk for falls, weakness, and stress during
rehospitalization.
Medicare Policy - correct answer Reduces reimbursement to hospitals with high readmission
rates and encourages improvement in care transitions and discharge planning.
Causes of Rehospitalizations - correct answer Poor discharge planning, inadequate patient
understanding of care instructions, and poor communication between care settings.
Transitional Care - correct answer A process that ensures consistency and coordination of care
within and between care settings.
Examples of Transitional Care - correct answer ICU to medical-surgical unit; hospital to home
care.
Key Features of Transitional Care - correct answer Focus on preventing rehospitalization,
involves an interdisciplinary team, and nurses play a critical role in managing the transition
process.
Seamless Care Transitions - correct answer Effective coordination is needed from hospital to
community settings.
,Nurse Navigator - correct answer RN who guides patients with a specific diagnosis through
various levels of care.
Key Role of Nurse Navigator - correct answer Education, assessing patient, family, and caregiver
learning needs, and identifying barriers to education.
Case Manager - correct answer Can be a nurse or social worker who coordinates care for a
caseload of patients, especially those with complex needs.
Responsibilities of Case Manager - correct answer Ensures cost-effective and quality care,
facilitates communication among providers and insurers, and may follow patients through
hospitalization.
Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) - correct answer Master's-prepared nurse generalist who
coordinates care for a specific group of patients and may provide direct care.
Key Functions of CNL - correct answer Leadership and advocacy, care coordination, evidence-
based practice integration, quality improvement, risk assessment, and interprofessional
communication.
Critical-Care Nursing - correct answer Specialty area providing care to critically ill patients
across the lifespan.
Types of Care in Critical-Care Nursing - correct answer Progressive Care Nurse cares for acutely
ill patients stabilizing but still at risk; Critical-Care Nurse cares for patients with actual or high
risk of life-threatening illness.
Key Nursing Standards & Competencies - correct answer Assessment involves holistic data
collection and priority recognition based on evidence-based practice and current clinical
guidelines.
Professional Development in Nursing - correct answer Specialty certification available for both
progressive and critical-care nurses, with advanced roles attainable through graduate nursing
programs.
Role in Transitions of Care - correct answer Critical-care nurses participate in early discharge
planning and support caregiver education.
Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Means to 'make able again' and involves relearning
skills, adjusting existing functions, and maximizing potential.
Philosophy of Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Goal-oriented, evidence-based, and
holistic nursing process focusing on abilities, not limitations.
Specialty Practice in Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Supports individuals with disability
or chronic illness utilizing the ARN Competency Model.
, Teacher - correct answer Educates patients/families about recovery and adaptation.
Caregiver - correct answer Provides direct and supportive care.
Collaborator - correct answer Works with interdisciplinary teams.
Advocate - correct answer Promotes patient rights and access to resources.
Disability - correct answer Limitation in performing everyday activities (e.g., walking, hearing,
working).
Severe disability - correct answer Inability to perform activities, requires federal benefits, uses
assistive devices, or needs personal help.
Assistive Technology - correct answer Enhances function and independence.
Adaptive Devices - correct answer Modify environment (e.g., wheelchair ramps).
Assistive Devices - correct answer Aid task performance (e.g., communication boards).
ADLs (Activities of Daily Living) - correct answer Bathing, dressing, grooming, feeding, toileting,
transferring.
IADLs (Instrumental ADLs) - correct answer Meal prep, shopping, finances, medication
management, transportation.
FIM™ (Functional Independence Measure) - correct answer 18 items (e.g., grooming, transfers,
bladder/bowel control, communication). Scored on a 7-point scale.
Alpha FIM - correct answer Shortened version used in acute care within 72 hours of admission.
Katz Index - correct answer Assesses 6 ADLs; rates independence vs. assistance needed.
Barthel Index - correct answer Measures independence in ADLs and mobility; does not assess
cognition or communication.
Holistic factors - correct answer Mental, emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, financial, and
environmental.
ADL Nursing Process - correct answer ADL program begins immediately during rehabilitation.
Nursing Interventions - correct answer Use repetition, practice, and demonstrations to
maximize independence.
Fostering Self-Care Abilities - correct answer Recognize influence of mobility, family, and
cultural expectations on self-care.
Goal of Rehabilitation - correct answer Assist the patient in returning home after learning to
manage their disability.
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) - correct answer Basic self-care tasks: bathing, dressing,
grooming, eating, toileting, transferring.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) - correct answer Complex skills for independent
living: shopping, cooking, managing meds/finances, using phone, housework, transportation.
Assistive Technology - correct answer Any item or system that improves function for people
with disabilities (includes devices & adaptations).
Assistive Device - correct answer Helps perform specific tasks (e.g., walker, hearing aid).
Adaptive Device - correct answer Modifies the environment to support function (e.g., grab bars,
modified utensils).
Critical-Care Nursing - correct answer Care for critically ill patients in ICUs, virtual, and
community settings.
Home Health Nursing - correct answer Holistic care in patients' homes; involves coordination
with interdisciplinary teams.
Medical-Surgical Nursing - correct answer Hospital/community-based care from adolescence to
end of life.
Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Holistic care for patients recovering from illness/injury
or managing life-altering conditions.
Rehabilitation - correct answer Relearning or adapting skills to reach full potential.
Impairment - correct answer Loss of normal function at organ/body level (e.g., hemiparesis).
Orthosis - correct answer External device that supports or corrects joint deformity (e.g., brace).
Prosthesis - correct answer Device that replaces a missing body part.
Transfer - correct answer Moving a patient (e.g., bed to wheelchair).
Transitional Care - correct answer Coordinated care across different settings to maintain
continuity.
Rehospitalization - correct answer Readmission within 30 days of hospital discharge.
Telehealth - correct answer Using technology to deliver healthcare services remotely.
Third-Party Payer - correct answer Insurance or organization that reimburses covered
healthcare services.
Scope of Nursing Practice - correct answer Applies to all registered nurses (RNs) and advanced
practice registered nurses (APRNs).
,Tenets of All Nursing Practice - correct answer Caring and health are central.
Professional Foundations of Nursing - correct answer Distinct body of knowledge.
ANA Standards of Practice - correct answer Define competencies in delivering care using the
nursing process.
ANA Standards of Professional Performance - correct answer Describe behavioral expectations
for RNs, including ethical practice, cultural competence, effective communication, collaboration
with patients and stakeholders, leadership in practice and profession, lifelong learning and
futuristic thinking, evidence-based practice, quality improvement contributions, self and peer
evaluation, resource utilization (safe, effective, cost-conscious), environmental health and
safety.
Medical-Surgical Nursing Definition - correct answer Medical-surgical nursing is a specialty
practice that delivers nursing care to patients from adolescence through end of life across
various inpatient and outpatient settings.
Hospitalization Costs - correct answer Nearly 1/3 of the $3.5 trillion U.S. health care spending is
on hospitalizations, including readmissions within 30 days (rehospitalizations).
Rehospitalization Concerns - correct answer About 20% of Medicare patients are
rehospitalized.
Older adults (65+) - correct answer Especially at risk for falls, weakness, and stress during
rehospitalization.
Medicare Policy - correct answer Reduces reimbursement to hospitals with high readmission
rates and encourages improvement in care transitions and discharge planning.
Causes of Rehospitalizations - correct answer Poor discharge planning, inadequate patient
understanding of care instructions, and poor communication between care settings.
Transitional Care - correct answer A process that ensures consistency and coordination of care
within and between care settings.
Examples of Transitional Care - correct answer ICU to medical-surgical unit; hospital to home
care.
Key Features of Transitional Care - correct answer Focus on preventing rehospitalization,
involves an interdisciplinary team, and nurses play a critical role in managing the transition
process.
Seamless Care Transitions - correct answer Effective coordination is needed from hospital to
community settings.
,Nurse Navigator - correct answer RN who guides patients with a specific diagnosis through
various levels of care.
Key Role of Nurse Navigator - correct answer Education, assessing patient, family, and caregiver
learning needs, and identifying barriers to education.
Case Manager - correct answer Can be a nurse or social worker who coordinates care for a
caseload of patients, especially those with complex needs.
Responsibilities of Case Manager - correct answer Ensures cost-effective and quality care,
facilitates communication among providers and insurers, and may follow patients through
hospitalization.
Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) - correct answer Master's-prepared nurse generalist who
coordinates care for a specific group of patients and may provide direct care.
Key Functions of CNL - correct answer Leadership and advocacy, care coordination, evidence-
based practice integration, quality improvement, risk assessment, and interprofessional
communication.
Critical-Care Nursing - correct answer Specialty area providing care to critically ill patients
across the lifespan.
Types of Care in Critical-Care Nursing - correct answer Progressive Care Nurse cares for acutely
ill patients stabilizing but still at risk; Critical-Care Nurse cares for patients with actual or high
risk of life-threatening illness.
Key Nursing Standards & Competencies - correct answer Assessment involves holistic data
collection and priority recognition based on evidence-based practice and current clinical
guidelines.
Professional Development in Nursing - correct answer Specialty certification available for both
progressive and critical-care nurses, with advanced roles attainable through graduate nursing
programs.
Role in Transitions of Care - correct answer Critical-care nurses participate in early discharge
planning and support caregiver education.
Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Means to 'make able again' and involves relearning
skills, adjusting existing functions, and maximizing potential.
Philosophy of Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Goal-oriented, evidence-based, and
holistic nursing process focusing on abilities, not limitations.
Specialty Practice in Rehabilitation Nursing - correct answer Supports individuals with disability
or chronic illness utilizing the ARN Competency Model.
, Teacher - correct answer Educates patients/families about recovery and adaptation.
Caregiver - correct answer Provides direct and supportive care.
Collaborator - correct answer Works with interdisciplinary teams.
Advocate - correct answer Promotes patient rights and access to resources.
Disability - correct answer Limitation in performing everyday activities (e.g., walking, hearing,
working).
Severe disability - correct answer Inability to perform activities, requires federal benefits, uses
assistive devices, or needs personal help.
Assistive Technology - correct answer Enhances function and independence.
Adaptive Devices - correct answer Modify environment (e.g., wheelchair ramps).
Assistive Devices - correct answer Aid task performance (e.g., communication boards).
ADLs (Activities of Daily Living) - correct answer Bathing, dressing, grooming, feeding, toileting,
transferring.
IADLs (Instrumental ADLs) - correct answer Meal prep, shopping, finances, medication
management, transportation.
FIM™ (Functional Independence Measure) - correct answer 18 items (e.g., grooming, transfers,
bladder/bowel control, communication). Scored on a 7-point scale.
Alpha FIM - correct answer Shortened version used in acute care within 72 hours of admission.
Katz Index - correct answer Assesses 6 ADLs; rates independence vs. assistance needed.
Barthel Index - correct answer Measures independence in ADLs and mobility; does not assess
cognition or communication.
Holistic factors - correct answer Mental, emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, financial, and
environmental.
ADL Nursing Process - correct answer ADL program begins immediately during rehabilitation.
Nursing Interventions - correct answer Use repetition, practice, and demonstrations to
maximize independence.
Fostering Self-Care Abilities - correct answer Recognize influence of mobility, family, and
cultural expectations on self-care.
Goal of Rehabilitation - correct answer Assist the patient in returning home after learning to
manage their disability.
