CRIJ 1301 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Criminal Justice System - ANSWER Refers to the agencies that despise justice and
the process by which justice is carried out
3 Main components of CJS (Sub Systems) - ANSWER Law enforcement, Courts &
Corrections
12 Stages of CJS - ANSWER Investigation: Police investigate after citizens report
offense to determine if a crime was committed, who committed it, if an arrest is
warranted and when an arrest should occur.
Arrest: The initial step in formal processing of a case, arrest entails formally taking
a suspect into custody.
Booking: Formally record arrest, involves fingerprinting, mug shots & completing
arrest records.
Initial Appearance: Suspect appears before magistrate & is formally notified of
charges, advised of their rights and notified of bail decisions.
Preliminary Hearing: Judge determines if probable cause exists to suggest the
suspect committed a crime in the judges jurisdiction. Judge decides if evidence
proves a crime was committed within their jurisdiction and the suspect committed
the crime.
Grand Jury: Prosecutor presents case to a grand jury to seek an indictment against
suspect. The purpose is to determine whether sufficient evidence exists to suggest
that the case should go to trial.
,Arraignment: After indictment is filed, the arraignment is held. Suspect is formally
notified of charges; advised of their legal rights; & asked if they want to plead guilty
or non guilty or no contest. If defendant pleads guilty, sentencing is next (if judge
accepts plea). If they plead not guilty, case goes to trial.
Trial: Prosecution is expected to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant
committed the offense(s) with which they are charged of.
Sentencing: For defendant found guilty, a hearing will be held for the judge to
sentence the defender.
Appeals: A defendant may appeal the courts ruling to an appellate court. The court
will decide whether or not to hear the appeal or reject it.
Sanction: those sentenced to a year or more will be sent to prison, whereas those
sentenced for less than a year will go to jail. Offenders on prob
Wedding Cake Model of Justice - ANSWER 4 layers of cases that flow through the
justice system, the smallest layer is at the top & the biggest layer is at the bottom:
- Celebrated Cases (Famous cases w/ media attention)
-Heavy Duty Felonies
-Lightweight Felonies
-Misdemeanors
Crime Control Model - ANSWER A model characterizing the CJS, in which cases are
processed with a primary focus given to the need to protect the public.
Due Process Model - ANSWER A model characterizing the CJS that emphasizes the
protection of defendants' rights and is driven by respect for the "formal structure of
, the law."
CJ as Academic Discipline (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER - First criminology major offered
in 1937
- Professionalization of CJ practices
- Education of students in CJ area
- Development of new careers
- Prior to CJ, scholars were from other departments
- CJ is interdisciplinary in nature
- Activist criminology
CJ as Social Science (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER Principles of Science (Robert Bierstedt
"The Social Order")
- Objectivity
- Parsimony
- Ethical Neutrality
- Determinism (Behavior caused by preceding events)
- Skepticism (Critical thinking)
CJ & Controversial Issues (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER Issues frequently magnified in
media:
Death penalty, sex offenders, police corruption, racial profiling, drug legalization,
prostitution, abortion, torture, prison overcrowding, drunk driving
CJ VS. Criminology (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER CJ primarily focuses on the justice
process.
Criminology focuses primarily on crime & criminals.
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
Criminal Justice System - ANSWER Refers to the agencies that despise justice and
the process by which justice is carried out
3 Main components of CJS (Sub Systems) - ANSWER Law enforcement, Courts &
Corrections
12 Stages of CJS - ANSWER Investigation: Police investigate after citizens report
offense to determine if a crime was committed, who committed it, if an arrest is
warranted and when an arrest should occur.
Arrest: The initial step in formal processing of a case, arrest entails formally taking
a suspect into custody.
Booking: Formally record arrest, involves fingerprinting, mug shots & completing
arrest records.
Initial Appearance: Suspect appears before magistrate & is formally notified of
charges, advised of their rights and notified of bail decisions.
Preliminary Hearing: Judge determines if probable cause exists to suggest the
suspect committed a crime in the judges jurisdiction. Judge decides if evidence
proves a crime was committed within their jurisdiction and the suspect committed
the crime.
Grand Jury: Prosecutor presents case to a grand jury to seek an indictment against
suspect. The purpose is to determine whether sufficient evidence exists to suggest
that the case should go to trial.
,Arraignment: After indictment is filed, the arraignment is held. Suspect is formally
notified of charges; advised of their legal rights; & asked if they want to plead guilty
or non guilty or no contest. If defendant pleads guilty, sentencing is next (if judge
accepts plea). If they plead not guilty, case goes to trial.
Trial: Prosecution is expected to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant
committed the offense(s) with which they are charged of.
Sentencing: For defendant found guilty, a hearing will be held for the judge to
sentence the defender.
Appeals: A defendant may appeal the courts ruling to an appellate court. The court
will decide whether or not to hear the appeal or reject it.
Sanction: those sentenced to a year or more will be sent to prison, whereas those
sentenced for less than a year will go to jail. Offenders on prob
Wedding Cake Model of Justice - ANSWER 4 layers of cases that flow through the
justice system, the smallest layer is at the top & the biggest layer is at the bottom:
- Celebrated Cases (Famous cases w/ media attention)
-Heavy Duty Felonies
-Lightweight Felonies
-Misdemeanors
Crime Control Model - ANSWER A model characterizing the CJS, in which cases are
processed with a primary focus given to the need to protect the public.
Due Process Model - ANSWER A model characterizing the CJS that emphasizes the
protection of defendants' rights and is driven by respect for the "formal structure of
, the law."
CJ as Academic Discipline (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER - First criminology major offered
in 1937
- Professionalization of CJ practices
- Education of students in CJ area
- Development of new careers
- Prior to CJ, scholars were from other departments
- CJ is interdisciplinary in nature
- Activist criminology
CJ as Social Science (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER Principles of Science (Robert Bierstedt
"The Social Order")
- Objectivity
- Parsimony
- Ethical Neutrality
- Determinism (Behavior caused by preceding events)
- Skepticism (Critical thinking)
CJ & Controversial Issues (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER Issues frequently magnified in
media:
Death penalty, sex offenders, police corruption, racial profiling, drug legalization,
prostitution, abortion, torture, prison overcrowding, drunk driving
CJ VS. Criminology (Roles of CJ) - ANSWER CJ primarily focuses on the justice
process.
Criminology focuses primarily on crime & criminals.
