, r
c
M
S
↳
·
it *
T
·
E
-
-
r A
E
E
-
n
- E ·
G
~
-
n
-
-
S
aro
⑰
E · =
-
!
-
·
_↳
E
n E
8
-
-
F -
·
·
-
O -
=
A
↳
En
G
·
E E
I
↳ E
↑
O
F
-D
s
8
!
*
f -
E e·
↑
↑
W
↓ ↑
f
d J
M
⑰ &
.
=>
F
# &
E -
t
·
-
*
·
n
-
8
se
· E
W
M
- = -
r ↑
-
=
1
- ↳ ⑪ a
> D s
F
-
#
& A
* & E & A A A 1 A A A & &
, I
THE AMAZON RAINFOREST change THE EDEN BASIN Carlisle
Climate
City vulnerable
* is
of as
leads to wildfires :
low-lying + at
confluence
Location
Background :
climate change
:
World's largest tropical rainforest - (hotter temps)
7
North-west
England
1)
Covers 40 % South America is Between mountains of Lake District + Pennines
Sil
biosphere Carbon -
indigenous) .
atmosphere CO2 Source Cumbria
Population 30 mil (2 7 mil > => in South
-
: .
T drier *
200
flows
through city Carlisle .
+
species on earth
↳
lost 1970s more fires
forest since
river)
>
(which drain
-
Upland
,
>
- worlds
oxygen produced
. areas into experience extreme
Water
Cycle
: >
-
50-80 % rainfall recycled via
evapotranspiration
↳ think feedback systems
weather ,
causing flooding downstream.
High precipitation evaporation over Atlantic high temps (intense convection) Characteristics
·
the
affecting water
cycle :
>
-
+
o
Rapid evapotranspiration Idense vegetation releases I water vapor)
Interception high due to canopy so low surface run-off
·
rainfall higher than national
is
,
is auge
↳ .
of rainfall reaches
up to 50 %
orographic rainfall)
never the
ground >
-
relief I mountains -
.
Amazon River its tributaries have vast
discharge
·
+
Eden basin
long narrow
↑
is +
lag time .
Carbon
Cycle
:
>
- butdeadAmazonianenes CASE S-UJES i
Slopes
time +
in
increases
basin =
steep reduces lag
beak discharge .
-
Major carbon sink -
absorbs 2 2 billion
highest ground
.
At basin
igneous
is ,
=
tonnes of
CO/yr WATER CARBON CYCLES ↓
F
fast nutrient cycling (warm wet + =
↑
decay) .
+ rock =
impermeable =
lag time
7
High primary productivity stores ,
-
100b tonnes
carbon .
1960s . Sustainable Deforestation-forest
farming
methane
deforestation impermeable
< 70 % -
epoy 2mil
-
more intense = soils
thousands of
:
ranching. removal for
Management
cattle ↑ :
↑
urbanisation - machinery
compacted. Between 2000-
Agriculture Afforestation 2009 30 % increase in Cattle years
-> timber +
forming
.
↑
,
↑ ↓
soil
degre- energy floods " Agroforestry Eden
Trees ↑ infiltration run -
= =
>
-
development f Selective logging
in
Valley Grazing = less
Changes
dation
.
to water+
flashy hydrograph
=
off
-
:
holds less
interception .
carbon carbon
cycles
↳ planned 150 1)
Eco-towism ↑
I
dams
hydroelectric
Logging ↓
Mineral -
iron +
&
Protection &
Changes in basin have affected flood risk :
Selective Road-building gold International
↑
vs clear-cut x ↳ Trans Amazonian
extraction
Storm Desmond ↳ construction most of basin is
↳
machinery CO2
Agreements laws -
= +
Highway
-> more
cars + building
.
↳ Brazillian forest i Dec .
2015 rural ,
but urbanisation increasing .
Record Carlisle
Deforestation - medicine Climate change Code
says land- rainfall >
-
new
housing estates .
Lindigenous people
!
↓ Cumbria Eden
↓ owners must keep
in
gate development North of
↓
less tree
,
Southeast flooding no roots cover-less
50-80 % land 2000 homes flooded City development of "Garden
&
theory rain condensation nuclei forest. B +
now emits
droughts
M Solerosion (vocs) Carlisle .
1/
rainfall
city
m
in homes .
=
less
carbon +
fires
=
a Central Amazon >
-
10 , 000 new
habitat loss ↓ Conservation Complex left homeless Some built floodplains .
G
monocultures + =
biodiversity is
many .
on 1
c
M
S
↳
·
it *
T
·
E
-
-
r A
E
E
-
n
- E ·
G
~
-
n
-
-
S
aro
⑰
E · =
-
!
-
·
_↳
E
n E
8
-
-
F -
·
·
-
O -
=
A
↳
En
G
·
E E
I
↳ E
↑
O
F
-D
s
8
!
*
f -
E e·
↑
↑
W
↓ ↑
f
d J
M
⑰ &
.
=>
F
# &
E -
t
·
-
*
·
n
-
8
se
· E
W
M
- = -
r ↑
-
=
1
- ↳ ⑪ a
> D s
F
-
#
& A
* & E & A A A 1 A A A & &
, I
THE AMAZON RAINFOREST change THE EDEN BASIN Carlisle
Climate
City vulnerable
* is
of as
leads to wildfires :
low-lying + at
confluence
Location
Background :
climate change
:
World's largest tropical rainforest - (hotter temps)
7
North-west
England
1)
Covers 40 % South America is Between mountains of Lake District + Pennines
Sil
biosphere Carbon -
indigenous) .
atmosphere CO2 Source Cumbria
Population 30 mil (2 7 mil > => in South
-
: .
T drier *
200
flows
through city Carlisle .
+
species on earth
↳
lost 1970s more fires
forest since
river)
>
(which drain
-
Upland
,
>
- worlds
oxygen produced
. areas into experience extreme
Water
Cycle
: >
-
50-80 % rainfall recycled via
evapotranspiration
↳ think feedback systems
weather ,
causing flooding downstream.
High precipitation evaporation over Atlantic high temps (intense convection) Characteristics
·
the
affecting water
cycle :
>
-
+
o
Rapid evapotranspiration Idense vegetation releases I water vapor)
Interception high due to canopy so low surface run-off
·
rainfall higher than national
is
,
is auge
↳ .
of rainfall reaches
up to 50 %
orographic rainfall)
never the
ground >
-
relief I mountains -
.
Amazon River its tributaries have vast
discharge
·
+
Eden basin
long narrow
↑
is +
lag time .
Carbon
Cycle
:
>
- butdeadAmazonianenes CASE S-UJES i
Slopes
time +
in
increases
basin =
steep reduces lag
beak discharge .
-
Major carbon sink -
absorbs 2 2 billion
highest ground
.
At basin
igneous
is ,
=
tonnes of
CO/yr WATER CARBON CYCLES ↓
F
fast nutrient cycling (warm wet + =
↑
decay) .
+ rock =
impermeable =
lag time
7
High primary productivity stores ,
-
100b tonnes
carbon .
1960s . Sustainable Deforestation-forest
farming
methane
deforestation impermeable
< 70 % -
epoy 2mil
-
more intense = soils
thousands of
:
ranching. removal for
Management
cattle ↑ :
↑
urbanisation - machinery
compacted. Between 2000-
Agriculture Afforestation 2009 30 % increase in Cattle years
-> timber +
forming
.
↑
,
↑ ↓
soil
degre- energy floods " Agroforestry Eden
Trees ↑ infiltration run -
= =
>
-
development f Selective logging
in
Valley Grazing = less
Changes
dation
.
to water+
flashy hydrograph
=
off
-
:
holds less
interception .
carbon carbon
cycles
↳ planned 150 1)
Eco-towism ↑
I
dams
hydroelectric
Logging ↓
Mineral -
iron +
&
Protection &
Changes in basin have affected flood risk :
Selective Road-building gold International
↑
vs clear-cut x ↳ Trans Amazonian
extraction
Storm Desmond ↳ construction most of basin is
↳
machinery CO2
Agreements laws -
= +
Highway
-> more
cars + building
.
↳ Brazillian forest i Dec .
2015 rural ,
but urbanisation increasing .
Record Carlisle
Deforestation - medicine Climate change Code
says land- rainfall >
-
new
housing estates .
Lindigenous people
!
↓ Cumbria Eden
↓ owners must keep
in
gate development North of
↓
less tree
,
Southeast flooding no roots cover-less
50-80 % land 2000 homes flooded City development of "Garden
&
theory rain condensation nuclei forest. B +
now emits
droughts
M Solerosion (vocs) Carlisle .
1/
rainfall
city
m
in homes .
=
less
carbon +
fires
=
a Central Amazon >
-
10 , 000 new
habitat loss ↓ Conservation Complex left homeless Some built floodplains .
G
monocultures + =
biodiversity is
many .
on 1
