BIOCHEMISTRY C 785 Bio Chemistry Exam Review (2020)

1. Match the letters with the correct names of the processes of the central dogma (Replication; Transcription; Translation). A) Replication, B) Transcription, C) Translation 2. Label the lettered strands of nucleic acid below. The possible words to use in labeling strands are: Coding Strand, Non-template Strand, Non-coding Strand, Template Strand, and mRNA. Note: A and B refer to one strand of DNA; C and D refer to the other strand of DNA. A) Non-template B) Coding C) Template D) Non-coding E) mRNA 3. If one strand of chromosome 2 has a DNA sequence that consists of this: 5’ AAG CGG TAC GTA 3’ What will be the composition of the complementary DNA strand? (Select all that apply) 3' TTC GCC ATG CAT 5' & 5'TAC GTA CCG CTT 3' 4. During DNA replication, which of the following sequences can be used as a primer for the following DNA sequence: 3' AGT GGA TCA CTA GGC TCT 5'? (Recall that DNA replication uses RNA primers whereas PCR uses DNA primers). 5' UCA CCU AGU GAU 3' 5. Which of the following is the correct tRNA anticodon for the mRNA codon 5' GCA 3' ? 5' UGC 3' 6. The following sequence is the coding DNA strand of the collagen gene: 5’ ATG GCG TTC GAA 3’ What is the sequence of the corresponding mRNA? 5' AUG GCG UUC GAA 3' 7. What would be the resulting mRNA sequence from a template strand with this sequence: 5’-CAG CTC GTC-3’? 5’-GAC GAG CUG-3’ 8. What is the coding strand sequence if the non-template strand sequence is 5’-AGC CTT TAA CTA-3’ 3’-ATC AAT TTC CGA-5’ 9. What would be the amino acid sequence that would result from this template sequence: 5'-TGC AAG CCA-3’? Trp Leu Ala 10. What would the amino acid sequence be from this coding strand sequence: 5’-GGA AGG CCC-3’ (utilize the table from question 9)? Gly Arg Pro 11. A mutation in the DNA that changes the sequence of a codon but does NOT change the amino acid sequence of the protein describes a _____ _____. silent mutation. 12. A nonsense mutation changes a codon to introduce a premature stop codon 13. Point mutations change a single nucleotide in a mutant gene compared to the normal gene. Examples are missense, nonsense, and silent mutations. 14. A missense mutation changes a single amino acid in a protein. 15. Frameshift mutations change the number of nucleotides in a mutant gene compared to the normal gene. Examples are insertion and deletion mutations.