VMT Chapter 3 exam
1. Musculoskeletal system: consists of two systems that work together to support the body and allow
movement of the animal- the skeletal system and the muscular system
2. skeletal system: Forms the framework that supports and protects an animal's body. Consists of bones,
cartilage, joints, ligaments, and tendons
3. Joints (articulations): Connections between the bone that aid in the movement of the body
4. articulate: Means to join in a way that allows motion between the parts
5. Synarthroses joint: allow no movement
6. suture (synarthroses joint): a jagged line where bones join and form a nonmovable joint; typically
found in the skull
7. Fontanelle: A soft spot remaining at the junction of sutures that usually close after birth
8. amphiarthroses joint: allows slight movement
,9. Symphysis (amphiarthroses joint): A joint where two bones join and are held firmly together so that
they function as one bone
10. Cartilaginous joint: The halves of the mandible fuse (mandibular symphysis) at a synopsis to form one
bone
11. Pubic symphysis: the halves of the pelvis also fuse at a symphysis
12. Diarthroses joint: allow free movement
13. Synovial Joints: diarthroses joints that are ball and socket joints
14. articular cartilage: Specific type of cartilage that covers the surface of bone
15. Meniscus: Curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints such as the canine stifle that cushions forces applied
to the joint
16. Tendons: Connect muscle to bone allowing animals to move
17. Ligaments: Connect bone to bone which supports joints
18. Ossification: Formation of bone from fibrous tissue, continues until maturity which varies with species
,19. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts: Bone growth is balanced between the actions of and
20. Cartilage: Another form of connective tissue that is more elastic than bone. Protects the ends of bones where
they contact each other
21. -blasts: Immature
22. Osteoblasts: immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue
23. Osteoclasts: phagocytic cells that eat away bony tissue from the medullary cavity of long bone
24. Osteocytes: mature bone cells
, 25. Hematopoietic: red bone marrow located in cancellous bone
26. -poietic: pertaining to formation
27. medullary cavity: Cavity of long bone, or the inner space of bone, contains yellow bone marrow
28. yellow bone marrow: Composed of mainly fat cells and serves as fat storage area. In adult animals this
replaces red bone marrow
29. cortical bone: hard, dense, strong bone that forms the outer layer of bone; also called compact bone
30. cortex: Latin for bark or shell
31. cancellous bone (spongy bone): lighter, less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner
portions of long bones
32. cancellous: Latin for latticework
33. epiphysis: wide end of a long bone, which is covered with articular cartilage and is composed of cancellous
bone
34. proximal epiphysis: located nearest the midline of the body
1. Musculoskeletal system: consists of two systems that work together to support the body and allow
movement of the animal- the skeletal system and the muscular system
2. skeletal system: Forms the framework that supports and protects an animal's body. Consists of bones,
cartilage, joints, ligaments, and tendons
3. Joints (articulations): Connections between the bone that aid in the movement of the body
4. articulate: Means to join in a way that allows motion between the parts
5. Synarthroses joint: allow no movement
6. suture (synarthroses joint): a jagged line where bones join and form a nonmovable joint; typically
found in the skull
7. Fontanelle: A soft spot remaining at the junction of sutures that usually close after birth
8. amphiarthroses joint: allows slight movement
,9. Symphysis (amphiarthroses joint): A joint where two bones join and are held firmly together so that
they function as one bone
10. Cartilaginous joint: The halves of the mandible fuse (mandibular symphysis) at a synopsis to form one
bone
11. Pubic symphysis: the halves of the pelvis also fuse at a symphysis
12. Diarthroses joint: allow free movement
13. Synovial Joints: diarthroses joints that are ball and socket joints
14. articular cartilage: Specific type of cartilage that covers the surface of bone
15. Meniscus: Curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints such as the canine stifle that cushions forces applied
to the joint
16. Tendons: Connect muscle to bone allowing animals to move
17. Ligaments: Connect bone to bone which supports joints
18. Ossification: Formation of bone from fibrous tissue, continues until maturity which varies with species
,19. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts: Bone growth is balanced between the actions of and
20. Cartilage: Another form of connective tissue that is more elastic than bone. Protects the ends of bones where
they contact each other
21. -blasts: Immature
22. Osteoblasts: immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue
23. Osteoclasts: phagocytic cells that eat away bony tissue from the medullary cavity of long bone
24. Osteocytes: mature bone cells
, 25. Hematopoietic: red bone marrow located in cancellous bone
26. -poietic: pertaining to formation
27. medullary cavity: Cavity of long bone, or the inner space of bone, contains yellow bone marrow
28. yellow bone marrow: Composed of mainly fat cells and serves as fat storage area. In adult animals this
replaces red bone marrow
29. cortical bone: hard, dense, strong bone that forms the outer layer of bone; also called compact bone
30. cortex: Latin for bark or shell
31. cancellous bone (spongy bone): lighter, less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner
portions of long bones
32. cancellous: Latin for latticework
33. epiphysis: wide end of a long bone, which is covered with articular cartilage and is composed of cancellous
bone
34. proximal epiphysis: located nearest the midline of the body
