NUR 138 Final Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
A nurse is preparing to administer isotretinoin to a female adolescent. Which action is the
nurse's priority?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels
B. Confirm enrollment in the iPLEDGE program
C. Educate on sunscreen use
D. Assess for contact dermatitis - Answers B
A patient is prescribed silver sulfadiazine for a third-degree burn. What contraindication should
the nurse assess for before applying the medication?
A. Hypertension
B. Diabetes
C. Sulfa allergy
D. Asthma - Answers C
Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching about benzoyl peroxide for acne?
A. "I might feel some dryness and peeling at first."
B. "I should apply a thin layer to affected areas."
C. "I will stop using it immediately if I don't see results in 3 days."
D. "I need to avoid getting it in my eyes." - Answers C
Which agent is classified as an antifungal used for tinea infections?
A. Mupirocin
B. Acyclovir
C. Clotrimazole
D. Isotretinoin - Answers C
A nurse is administering timolol eye drops to a patient with open-angle glaucoma. What is the
priority nursing action after instillation?
A. Have the patient blink rapidly
B. Apply pressure to the lacrimal duct for 1 minute
,C. Instruct the patient to rinse their eyes
D. Massage the upper eyelid - Answers B
A patient using latanoprost (a prostaglandin analog) reports darkening of their iris. What is the
nurse's best response?
A. "You need to stop taking this medication immediately."
B. "This indicates an allergic reaction."
C. "This is a common side effect and is usually permanent."
D. "It means the medication is not working." - Answers C
Which class of ophthalmic drugs works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor to lower
intraocular pressure (IOP)?
A. Beta blockers
B. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C. Prostaglandin analogs
D. Antihistamines - Answers C
A nurse is teaching a client how to instill prescribed eye drops. Which instruction is correct?
A. "Apply drops directly onto your cornea."
B. "Place the drops into the conjunctival sac."
C. "Tilt your head back and hold your eyes open for 5 minutes."
D. "Blink rapidly to distribute the medication." - Answers B
Which cells in the stomach are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
A. Chief cells
B. Mucous cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Goblet cells - Answers C
A patient with chronic kidney disease reports frequent heartburn. Which over-the-counter
antacid is most appropriate?
A. Magnesium hydroxide
,B. Calcium carbonate
C. Aluminum hydroxide
D. Sodium bicarbonate - Answers C
What is a potential adverse effect of calcium-containing antacids?
A. Diarrhea and muscle twitching
B. Kidney stones and rebound hyperacidity
C. Anemia and jaundice
D. Hypoglycemia and hypotension - Answers B
What is the mechanism of action of antacids?
A. Decrease production of gastric acid
B. Block H2 receptors in parietal cells
C. Neutralize existing stomach acid
D. Bind to proton pumps - Answers C
What adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a patient taking magnesium-based antacids?
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea
C. Dry mouth
D. Fatigue - Answers B
The nurse teaches a patient that antacids should be taken:
A. On an empty stomach with milk
B. With all other medications to aid absorption
C. 1 to 2 hours before or after other medications
D. Only when symptoms are severe - Answers C
Which of the following is an expected effect of H2 receptor antagonists like famotidine?
A. Complete neutralization of gastric acid
, B. Irreversible proton pump inhibition
C. Decreased hydrogen ion secretion
D. Increased pepsin production - Answers C
An elderly patient taking cimetidine reports confusion and disorientation. What should the nurse
do next?
A. Reassure the patient this is normal
B. Administer diphenhydramine
C. Report the symptoms to the provider
D. Discontinue the medication - Answers C
What is the mechanism of action for proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole?
A. Block histamine release from mast cells
B. Irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase pump
C. Bind with prostaglandins to coat ulcers
D. Neutralize acid by increasing pH - Answers B
A nurse is administering pantoprazole via NG tube. Which instruction is correct?
A. Crush the tablet and dissolve in water
B. Mix capsule contents with juice and give through 8 French NG
C. Ensure NG tube is at least 16 gauge
D. Mix with milk and administer as a bolus - Answers C
A patient is prescribed sucralfate. Which teaching is appropriate?
A. "Take sucralfate with your antacid for maximum effect."
B. "You can take all of your medications at once."
C. "Take other medications at least 2 hours before sucralfate."
D. "Sucralfate will decrease stomach acid production." - Answers C
Why is simethicone often combined with calcium carbonate in antacid products?
A. To enhance acid neutralization
A nurse is preparing to administer isotretinoin to a female adolescent. Which action is the
nurse's priority?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels
B. Confirm enrollment in the iPLEDGE program
C. Educate on sunscreen use
D. Assess for contact dermatitis - Answers B
A patient is prescribed silver sulfadiazine for a third-degree burn. What contraindication should
the nurse assess for before applying the medication?
A. Hypertension
B. Diabetes
C. Sulfa allergy
D. Asthma - Answers C
Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching about benzoyl peroxide for acne?
A. "I might feel some dryness and peeling at first."
B. "I should apply a thin layer to affected areas."
C. "I will stop using it immediately if I don't see results in 3 days."
D. "I need to avoid getting it in my eyes." - Answers C
Which agent is classified as an antifungal used for tinea infections?
A. Mupirocin
B. Acyclovir
C. Clotrimazole
D. Isotretinoin - Answers C
A nurse is administering timolol eye drops to a patient with open-angle glaucoma. What is the
priority nursing action after instillation?
A. Have the patient blink rapidly
B. Apply pressure to the lacrimal duct for 1 minute
,C. Instruct the patient to rinse their eyes
D. Massage the upper eyelid - Answers B
A patient using latanoprost (a prostaglandin analog) reports darkening of their iris. What is the
nurse's best response?
A. "You need to stop taking this medication immediately."
B. "This indicates an allergic reaction."
C. "This is a common side effect and is usually permanent."
D. "It means the medication is not working." - Answers C
Which class of ophthalmic drugs works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor to lower
intraocular pressure (IOP)?
A. Beta blockers
B. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C. Prostaglandin analogs
D. Antihistamines - Answers C
A nurse is teaching a client how to instill prescribed eye drops. Which instruction is correct?
A. "Apply drops directly onto your cornea."
B. "Place the drops into the conjunctival sac."
C. "Tilt your head back and hold your eyes open for 5 minutes."
D. "Blink rapidly to distribute the medication." - Answers B
Which cells in the stomach are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
A. Chief cells
B. Mucous cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Goblet cells - Answers C
A patient with chronic kidney disease reports frequent heartburn. Which over-the-counter
antacid is most appropriate?
A. Magnesium hydroxide
,B. Calcium carbonate
C. Aluminum hydroxide
D. Sodium bicarbonate - Answers C
What is a potential adverse effect of calcium-containing antacids?
A. Diarrhea and muscle twitching
B. Kidney stones and rebound hyperacidity
C. Anemia and jaundice
D. Hypoglycemia and hypotension - Answers B
What is the mechanism of action of antacids?
A. Decrease production of gastric acid
B. Block H2 receptors in parietal cells
C. Neutralize existing stomach acid
D. Bind to proton pumps - Answers C
What adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a patient taking magnesium-based antacids?
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea
C. Dry mouth
D. Fatigue - Answers B
The nurse teaches a patient that antacids should be taken:
A. On an empty stomach with milk
B. With all other medications to aid absorption
C. 1 to 2 hours before or after other medications
D. Only when symptoms are severe - Answers C
Which of the following is an expected effect of H2 receptor antagonists like famotidine?
A. Complete neutralization of gastric acid
, B. Irreversible proton pump inhibition
C. Decreased hydrogen ion secretion
D. Increased pepsin production - Answers C
An elderly patient taking cimetidine reports confusion and disorientation. What should the nurse
do next?
A. Reassure the patient this is normal
B. Administer diphenhydramine
C. Report the symptoms to the provider
D. Discontinue the medication - Answers C
What is the mechanism of action for proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole?
A. Block histamine release from mast cells
B. Irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase pump
C. Bind with prostaglandins to coat ulcers
D. Neutralize acid by increasing pH - Answers B
A nurse is administering pantoprazole via NG tube. Which instruction is correct?
A. Crush the tablet and dissolve in water
B. Mix capsule contents with juice and give through 8 French NG
C. Ensure NG tube is at least 16 gauge
D. Mix with milk and administer as a bolus - Answers C
A patient is prescribed sucralfate. Which teaching is appropriate?
A. "Take sucralfate with your antacid for maximum effect."
B. "You can take all of your medications at once."
C. "Take other medications at least 2 hours before sucralfate."
D. "Sucralfate will decrease stomach acid production." - Answers C
Why is simethicone often combined with calcium carbonate in antacid products?
A. To enhance acid neutralization
