Maternity High-Risk Antepartum Nursing Care ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Exam 3 with verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the warning signs of possible complications during the first trimester of pregnancy?
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[6]
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1. Abdominal cramping or pelvic pain.
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2. Vaginal spotting or bleeding.
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3. Absence of fetal heart tones.
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4. Dysuria, frequency and urgency to urinate.
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5. Fever and chills.
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6. Prolonged nausea and vomiting.
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Describe iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Occurs during pregnancy due to inadequacy in iron stores and consuming insufficient
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
amounts of dietary iron. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Risk Factors: ||\\//||
Less than 2 years between pregnancies.
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Heavy menses. ||\\//||
,Diet low in iron. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Unhealthy weight loss programs. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Expected Findings: ||\\//||
Hemoglobin (Hgb): below 10. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hematocrit (Hct): below 30%. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the first line of treatment for iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy? [2]
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1. Ferrous sulfate - 325mg 3x daily.
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2. Nutritional counseling.
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Describe multiple gestation. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A pregnancy with more than one fetus.
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Can be monozygotic or dizygotic.
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There are two principal placental types, monochorionic (one chorion) and dichorionic (two
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
chorions).
,Among twin gestations, 30% are dichorionic/diamniotic, with separate placentas and amniotic
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
sacs.
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About 70% are monochorionic/diamniotic with a single placenta with two amniotic sacs.
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Even less common are monochorionic/monoamniotic pregnancies where multiple fetuses
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
share a single placenta and one amniotic sac, which occur in about 1% of multiple gestation
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pregnancies.
Twin pregnancy is associated with higher rates of almost every potential complication of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pregnancy. Higher order multiples are even more dangerous. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Describe monozygotic multiple gestation. [2] ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
1. Results from the fertilization of one zygote that divides during the first week of gestation.
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2. Genetically identical, similar in appearance, and will always be the same gender.
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Describe dizygotic multiple gestation. [2] ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
1. Results from the fertilization of multiple ova.
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2. Can be the same, or different genders. If the fetuses are different genders they are always
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dizygotic.
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What is the medical management for a multiple gestation pregnancy? [8]
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, 1. Monitor and prevent preterm labor.
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2. Assessments should be ordered: NST and BPP.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Monitor for: ||\\//||
3. Maternal anemia.
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4. Fetal assessment (BPP & NST).
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. Hypertension and preeclampsia.
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6. Polyhydramnios (hydramnios).
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7. Bleeding.
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8. Intrauterine fetal demise.
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Describe hyperemesis gravidarum. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Excessive vomiting that is so severe it leads to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, ketosis,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and weight loss.
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Exam 3 with verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the warning signs of possible complications during the first trimester of pregnancy?
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
[6]
||\\//|| ||\\//||
1. Abdominal cramping or pelvic pain.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Vaginal spotting or bleeding.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
3. Absence of fetal heart tones.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
4. Dysuria, frequency and urgency to urinate.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. Fever and chills.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
6. Prolonged nausea and vomiting.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Describe iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Occurs during pregnancy due to inadequacy in iron stores and consuming insufficient
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
amounts of dietary iron. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Risk Factors: ||\\//||
Less than 2 years between pregnancies.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Heavy menses. ||\\//||
,Diet low in iron. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Unhealthy weight loss programs. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Expected Findings: ||\\//||
Hemoglobin (Hgb): below 10. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hematocrit (Hct): below 30%. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is the first line of treatment for iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy? [2]
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
1. Ferrous sulfate - 325mg 3x daily.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Nutritional counseling.
||\\//|| ||\\//||
Describe multiple gestation. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A pregnancy with more than one fetus.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Can be monozygotic or dizygotic.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
There are two principal placental types, monochorionic (one chorion) and dichorionic (two
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
chorions).
,Among twin gestations, 30% are dichorionic/diamniotic, with separate placentas and amniotic
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
sacs.
||\\//||
About 70% are monochorionic/diamniotic with a single placenta with two amniotic sacs.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Even less common are monochorionic/monoamniotic pregnancies where multiple fetuses
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
share a single placenta and one amniotic sac, which occur in about 1% of multiple gestation
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pregnancies.
Twin pregnancy is associated with higher rates of almost every potential complication of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
pregnancy. Higher order multiples are even more dangerous. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Describe monozygotic multiple gestation. [2] ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
1. Results from the fertilization of one zygote that divides during the first week of gestation.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Genetically identical, similar in appearance, and will always be the same gender.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Describe dizygotic multiple gestation. [2] ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
1. Results from the fertilization of multiple ova.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Can be the same, or different genders. If the fetuses are different genders they are always
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
dizygotic.
||\\//||
What is the medical management for a multiple gestation pregnancy? [8]
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, 1. Monitor and prevent preterm labor.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Assessments should be ordered: NST and BPP.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Monitor for: ||\\//||
3. Maternal anemia.
||\\//|| ||\\//||
4. Fetal assessment (BPP & NST).
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. Hypertension and preeclampsia.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
6. Polyhydramnios (hydramnios).
||\\//|| ||\\//||
7. Bleeding.
||\\//||
8. Intrauterine fetal demise.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Describe hyperemesis gravidarum. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Excessive vomiting that is so severe it leads to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, ketosis,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and weight loss.
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