EMBALMING II MIDTERM EXAM
2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS
1. List the 4 divisions of vascular embalming - ANS (1) Delivery of the arterial solution into
the artery - from the embalming machine through the connecting tubing and arterial tube; (2)
Distribution of arterial solution - the movement of arterial solution from the point of injection
throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries; (3) Diffusion of arterial solution -
movement of arterial solution from inside the vascular system (intervascular) through the walls
of the capillaries into the tissue spaces (extervascular); (4) Drainage - the discharge or
withdrawal of blood and blood clots, embalming solution, interstitial and lymphatic fluids and
blood from the body during vascular embalming
2. The general term which describes the passage of some components of the injected
embalming solution from an intravascular to an extravascular location; or the movement of the
embalming solutions from the capillaries into the interstitial fluids - ANS Fluid Diffusion
3. The term which describes the movement of embalming solutions from the point of injection
throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries - ANS Distribution
4. What percentage of the drainage from a body, may be embalming solution - ANS About
50%
5. What are the components of drainage - ANS Blood, arterial solution, interstitial fluid
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,6. Explain why/how interstitial fluid effects dehydration - ANS Embalming solution present in
the capillaries draws some tissue fluid with it into the drainage causing dehydration when more
tissue fluid is being removed than is being replaced by embalming solution
7. List 2 examples of the physical application of arterial embalming - ANS Filling the arterial
system with forced injection under pressure; Control of drainage; Filtration (injected solution
forced through walls of capillaries)
8. Is arterial solution hypotonic or hypertonic to tissue - ANS Hypotonic
9. List examples of intravascular resistance - - ANS Obstructions: antemortem emboli and
thrombi, postmortem coagula and thrombi;
Narrowing: arteriosclerosis, vasoconstriction, arteritis, intravascular rigor mortis
10. List examples of extravascular resistance - - ANS ~Rigor mortis ~Gas in the cavities
~Expansion of the hollow viscera during injection ~Tumors and swollen lymph nodes ~Ascites
and hydrothorax ~Contact pressure ~Visceral weight ~Bandages ~Skeletal edema
~Inflammation
11. Briefly list 5 embalming procedures to follow for intravascular problems - ANS Start with
slow rate of flow to prevent coagula from floating free and clogging branches ~Inject from right
common carotid when coagula are anticipated (to push coagula away from head and arms)
~Avoid sclerotic arteries (iliac and femoral) ~Use largest artery (common carotid, external iliac,
femoral) ~Use proper size arterial tube
12. What is the result of resistance, as discussed by the author - ANS Little or no resistance:
tissue dehydration, reduced filtration, uneven distribution ~Total or great resistance: tissue
distension, uneven distribution ~Movable resistance: blood removal is more complete,
distribution is more uniform, more embalming solution is retained by the body with minimum
tissue distension
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, 13. List the 3 indicators that embalming solution is being distributed throughout the vascular
system - ANS Drop in volume; Differential pressure; Drainage
14. When the embalming solution is in the embalming machine and the rate of flow valve is
closed, the pressure gauge reads 20 psi of pressure. When the valve is opened, the pressure
gauge reads 13 psi of pressure. What is the Potential Pressure in this case - ANS 20
15. When the embalming solution is in the embalming machine and the rate of flow valve is
closed, the pressure gauge reads 20 psi of pressure. When the valve is opened, the pressure
gauge reads 13 psi of pressure. What is the Actual Pressure in this case - ANS 13
16. When the embalming solution is in the embalming machine and the rate of flow valve is
closed, the pressure gauge reads 20 psi of pressure. When the valve is opened, the pressure
gauge reads 13 psi of pressure. What is the Differential Pressure in this case - ANS 7
17. The term which describes the amount of embalming solution injected in a given period, or
the speed at which the solution enters the body - ANS Rate of Flow
18. What is the center of arterial distribution - ANS The ascending aorta and aortic arch
19. List the signs of arterial solution distribution - ANS Fluid dye; Distension of superficial
blood vessels; Blood drainage; Leakage from intravenous punctures ;Clearing of intravenous
blood discolorations
20. List the signs of arterial solution diffusion - ANS Dye in the tissues; Firming of the tissues;
Clearing of intravascular blood discolorations; Loss of skin elasticity (beginning firming);Drying
of the tissues; Rounding of fingertips, lips, and toes; Mottling of the tissues (bleaching);
Fluorescent dye observed using black light;
21. According to the author of the textbook, what is very important to do during the injection of
the first gallon of arterial solution to establish good distribution - ANS Firm massage and
exercise of the extremities
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS
1. List the 4 divisions of vascular embalming - ANS (1) Delivery of the arterial solution into
the artery - from the embalming machine through the connecting tubing and arterial tube; (2)
Distribution of arterial solution - the movement of arterial solution from the point of injection
throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries; (3) Diffusion of arterial solution -
movement of arterial solution from inside the vascular system (intervascular) through the walls
of the capillaries into the tissue spaces (extervascular); (4) Drainage - the discharge or
withdrawal of blood and blood clots, embalming solution, interstitial and lymphatic fluids and
blood from the body during vascular embalming
2. The general term which describes the passage of some components of the injected
embalming solution from an intravascular to an extravascular location; or the movement of the
embalming solutions from the capillaries into the interstitial fluids - ANS Fluid Diffusion
3. The term which describes the movement of embalming solutions from the point of injection
throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries - ANS Distribution
4. What percentage of the drainage from a body, may be embalming solution - ANS About
50%
5. What are the components of drainage - ANS Blood, arterial solution, interstitial fluid
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,6. Explain why/how interstitial fluid effects dehydration - ANS Embalming solution present in
the capillaries draws some tissue fluid with it into the drainage causing dehydration when more
tissue fluid is being removed than is being replaced by embalming solution
7. List 2 examples of the physical application of arterial embalming - ANS Filling the arterial
system with forced injection under pressure; Control of drainage; Filtration (injected solution
forced through walls of capillaries)
8. Is arterial solution hypotonic or hypertonic to tissue - ANS Hypotonic
9. List examples of intravascular resistance - - ANS Obstructions: antemortem emboli and
thrombi, postmortem coagula and thrombi;
Narrowing: arteriosclerosis, vasoconstriction, arteritis, intravascular rigor mortis
10. List examples of extravascular resistance - - ANS ~Rigor mortis ~Gas in the cavities
~Expansion of the hollow viscera during injection ~Tumors and swollen lymph nodes ~Ascites
and hydrothorax ~Contact pressure ~Visceral weight ~Bandages ~Skeletal edema
~Inflammation
11. Briefly list 5 embalming procedures to follow for intravascular problems - ANS Start with
slow rate of flow to prevent coagula from floating free and clogging branches ~Inject from right
common carotid when coagula are anticipated (to push coagula away from head and arms)
~Avoid sclerotic arteries (iliac and femoral) ~Use largest artery (common carotid, external iliac,
femoral) ~Use proper size arterial tube
12. What is the result of resistance, as discussed by the author - ANS Little or no resistance:
tissue dehydration, reduced filtration, uneven distribution ~Total or great resistance: tissue
distension, uneven distribution ~Movable resistance: blood removal is more complete,
distribution is more uniform, more embalming solution is retained by the body with minimum
tissue distension
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, 13. List the 3 indicators that embalming solution is being distributed throughout the vascular
system - ANS Drop in volume; Differential pressure; Drainage
14. When the embalming solution is in the embalming machine and the rate of flow valve is
closed, the pressure gauge reads 20 psi of pressure. When the valve is opened, the pressure
gauge reads 13 psi of pressure. What is the Potential Pressure in this case - ANS 20
15. When the embalming solution is in the embalming machine and the rate of flow valve is
closed, the pressure gauge reads 20 psi of pressure. When the valve is opened, the pressure
gauge reads 13 psi of pressure. What is the Actual Pressure in this case - ANS 13
16. When the embalming solution is in the embalming machine and the rate of flow valve is
closed, the pressure gauge reads 20 psi of pressure. When the valve is opened, the pressure
gauge reads 13 psi of pressure. What is the Differential Pressure in this case - ANS 7
17. The term which describes the amount of embalming solution injected in a given period, or
the speed at which the solution enters the body - ANS Rate of Flow
18. What is the center of arterial distribution - ANS The ascending aorta and aortic arch
19. List the signs of arterial solution distribution - ANS Fluid dye; Distension of superficial
blood vessels; Blood drainage; Leakage from intravenous punctures ;Clearing of intravenous
blood discolorations
20. List the signs of arterial solution diffusion - ANS Dye in the tissues; Firming of the tissues;
Clearing of intravascular blood discolorations; Loss of skin elasticity (beginning firming);Drying
of the tissues; Rounding of fingertips, lips, and toes; Mottling of the tissues (bleaching);
Fluorescent dye observed using black light;
21. According to the author of the textbook, what is very important to do during the injection of
the first gallon of arterial solution to establish good distribution - ANS Firm massage and
exercise of the extremities
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
