NUR 2063 Essential of Pathophysiology
Exam 2026 Questions and Answers
Symptoms - Correct answer-Subjective characteristics of disease felt only by the
patient
sign - Correct answer-If the doctor, nurse, or anyone notice evidence of disease
such as a fever
Homeostasis - Correct answer-A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant
internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood
glucose, around a particular level
Epinephrine is released during a stress response True or False - Correct answer-
True; Aka Adrenaline
function of mitochondria - Correct answer-powerhouse of the cell, ATP production,
and Production of the cell energy.
The effective of the RAAS system -
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,renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system - Correct answer-is essential for long-term
blood pressure regulation. It involves a complex system of hormones, proteins and
enzymes.
vasodilation - Correct answer-A widening and increase of the diameter of a blood
vessel.
vasoconstriction - Correct answer-Reduces blood flow and heat transfer by
decreasing the diameter of superficial blood vessels.
Hyperplasia - Correct answer-the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an
abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues.
Apply the concept of homeostasis - Correct answer-1.Stimulus produce change in
variable (body temperature falls), 2.Receptor detect change (detected by
thermoreceptors in skin), 3.Information sent along Afferent pathway to control
center, 4. Control centre process message (in the thermoregulatory centre in brain).
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct answer-an internal membrane system in which
components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. (Smooth &
Rough ER)
Function of hormone renin - Correct answer-Renin is an enzyme that helps control
your blood pressure and maintain healthy levels of sodium and potassium in your
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, body. (When blood volume or sodium levels in the body are low, or blood
potassium is high, cells in the kidney release the enzyme, renin. Renin converts
angiotensinogen, which is produced in the liver, to the hormone angiotensin I.)
Hydrostatic pressure capillaries - Correct answer-The pressure that blood exerts in
the capillaries is known as blood pressure. The force of hydrostatic pressure means
that as blood moves along the capillary, fluid moves out through its pores and into
the interstitial space.
Increased hydrostatic capillary action causes edema (T/F) - Correct answer-(True)
Edema- Is swelling or excessive fluid.
include high venous pressure (e.g., heart failure, venous blockage) or excessive
fluid and sodium retention (e.g, acute renal failure).
What body functions cause fluid volume deficits? - Correct answer-Blood loss
from cuts/wounds Through the gastrointestinal system: vomiting and diarrhea
Abnormally excessive urination (polyuria); can be caused by excessive intake of
diuretic substances or medications or from renal disorder.
Tetany - Correct answer-a symptom characterized by the involuntary contraction of
muscles that leads to painful muscle cramps, spasms of the voice box (i.e., larynx),
and sensory disturbances.
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Exam 2026 Questions and Answers
Symptoms - Correct answer-Subjective characteristics of disease felt only by the
patient
sign - Correct answer-If the doctor, nurse, or anyone notice evidence of disease
such as a fever
Homeostasis - Correct answer-A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant
internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood
glucose, around a particular level
Epinephrine is released during a stress response True or False - Correct answer-
True; Aka Adrenaline
function of mitochondria - Correct answer-powerhouse of the cell, ATP production,
and Production of the cell energy.
The effective of the RAAS system -
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system - Correct answer-is essential for long-term
blood pressure regulation. It involves a complex system of hormones, proteins and
enzymes.
vasodilation - Correct answer-A widening and increase of the diameter of a blood
vessel.
vasoconstriction - Correct answer-Reduces blood flow and heat transfer by
decreasing the diameter of superficial blood vessels.
Hyperplasia - Correct answer-the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an
abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues.
Apply the concept of homeostasis - Correct answer-1.Stimulus produce change in
variable (body temperature falls), 2.Receptor detect change (detected by
thermoreceptors in skin), 3.Information sent along Afferent pathway to control
center, 4. Control centre process message (in the thermoregulatory centre in brain).
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct answer-an internal membrane system in which
components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. (Smooth &
Rough ER)
Function of hormone renin - Correct answer-Renin is an enzyme that helps control
your blood pressure and maintain healthy levels of sodium and potassium in your
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, body. (When blood volume or sodium levels in the body are low, or blood
potassium is high, cells in the kidney release the enzyme, renin. Renin converts
angiotensinogen, which is produced in the liver, to the hormone angiotensin I.)
Hydrostatic pressure capillaries - Correct answer-The pressure that blood exerts in
the capillaries is known as blood pressure. The force of hydrostatic pressure means
that as blood moves along the capillary, fluid moves out through its pores and into
the interstitial space.
Increased hydrostatic capillary action causes edema (T/F) - Correct answer-(True)
Edema- Is swelling or excessive fluid.
include high venous pressure (e.g., heart failure, venous blockage) or excessive
fluid and sodium retention (e.g, acute renal failure).
What body functions cause fluid volume deficits? - Correct answer-Blood loss
from cuts/wounds Through the gastrointestinal system: vomiting and diarrhea
Abnormally excessive urination (polyuria); can be caused by excessive intake of
diuretic substances or medications or from renal disorder.
Tetany - Correct answer-a symptom characterized by the involuntary contraction of
muscles that leads to painful muscle cramps, spasms of the voice box (i.e., larynx),
and sensory disturbances.
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