Page 1 of 91
CMS FUNDAMENTALS FINAL EXAM NEWEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
Question: A 29 year old man presents to the ER with bilateral eye pain. He states it as slowly
been worsening over the last 48 hours. He admits to going out three nights ago and getting
drunk and had unprotected sex. Vitals are WNL. Physical exam is notable for bilateral painful red
eyes opacification and ulceration of each cornea. The patients contact lenses are removed and a
slit lamp exam is performed and fluorescein stain shows pooling. What is the best treatment for
this condition?
a. Acyclovir
b. Erythromycin ointment
c. Levofloxacin eye drops
d. Ceftriaxone IM followed by 1g Azithromycin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔c. Levofloxacin eye drops
Question: A female patient presents with sudden ocular pain. She reports she was visiting the
planetarium when the pain started and when she walked outside she saw halos around street
lights. The pain was so bad she began to vomit. She reports decreased vision. Physical exam
reveals fixed mid dilated pupils and a cloudy cornea. What is the diagnosis?
a. Cataract
b. Retinal detachment
c. Acute closed angle glaucoma
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d. Chronic open angle glaucoma - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔c. Acute closed angle glaucoma
Question: What is the mainstay of treatment for anterior blepharitis?
a. Antibiotics
b. Washing lid with baby shampoo
c. Cool compresses
d. Lubricating eye drops - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔b. Washing lid with baby shampoo
Question: A 76 year old M presents with sudden painless vision loss in his left eye that started
an hour ago and he still cannot see out of his left eye. He has a medial history of HTN and CAD
and new onset atrial fibrillation. On physical exam you note a carotid bruit. Fundoscopic exam
shows segmentation of the blood vessels, and a pale retina with a cherry red spot in the fovea
What is the likely diagnosis?
a. Central retinal vein occlusion
b. Optic neuritis
c. Central retinal artery occlusion
d. Amaurosis fugax - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔c. Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion shows blood and thunder retina & neovascularation
Amaurosis fugax only lasts for a few minutes
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Question: Which disease presents with leukocoria (presence of white reflex instead of red
reflex) and is typically diagnosed in young children?
a. Retinoblastoma
b. Rhabdomyosarcoma
c. Retinopathy
d. Retinal detachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔a. Retinoblastoma
Question: An ocular examination is performed on a patient during a routine medical check-up.
Retinal exam demonstrates generalized retinal arteriolar constriction, broad and dull light reflex,
flame-shaped hemorrhages in two areas, arteriovenous nicking and multiple cotton wool spots.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Central artery occlusion
b. Hypertensive retinopathy
c. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
d. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔b. Hypertensive retinopathy
Question: What is the most common bacterial cause of a hordeolum?
a. S. aureus
b. H. influenzae
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c. S. pneumoniae
d. S. pyogenes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔a. S. aureus
Question: A 41 year old construction worker presents to the ER after something flew and hit
him in the eye at work which left him with severe right eye pain and decreased visual acuity. On
a physical exam, you notice a tear drop shaped pupil. Seidel's test is positive. There is no other
apparent trauma to the face. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Globe rupture
b. Orbital blowout
c. Foreign body
d. Corneal laceration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔a. Globe rupture
Question: What is the best treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis?
a. Cromolyn sodium 4% ophthalmic solution
b. Erythromycin ophthalmic 0.5% ointment
c. Oral azithromycin
d. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% eye drops - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔b. Erythromycin ophthalmic 0.5%
ointment
Question: Which of the following is not part of the Centor criteria for diagnosis GABHS caused
pharyngitis?
CMS FUNDAMENTALS FINAL EXAM NEWEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR
Question: A 29 year old man presents to the ER with bilateral eye pain. He states it as slowly
been worsening over the last 48 hours. He admits to going out three nights ago and getting
drunk and had unprotected sex. Vitals are WNL. Physical exam is notable for bilateral painful red
eyes opacification and ulceration of each cornea. The patients contact lenses are removed and a
slit lamp exam is performed and fluorescein stain shows pooling. What is the best treatment for
this condition?
a. Acyclovir
b. Erythromycin ointment
c. Levofloxacin eye drops
d. Ceftriaxone IM followed by 1g Azithromycin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔c. Levofloxacin eye drops
Question: A female patient presents with sudden ocular pain. She reports she was visiting the
planetarium when the pain started and when she walked outside she saw halos around street
lights. The pain was so bad she began to vomit. She reports decreased vision. Physical exam
reveals fixed mid dilated pupils and a cloudy cornea. What is the diagnosis?
a. Cataract
b. Retinal detachment
c. Acute closed angle glaucoma
, Page 2 of 91
d. Chronic open angle glaucoma - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔c. Acute closed angle glaucoma
Question: What is the mainstay of treatment for anterior blepharitis?
a. Antibiotics
b. Washing lid with baby shampoo
c. Cool compresses
d. Lubricating eye drops - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔b. Washing lid with baby shampoo
Question: A 76 year old M presents with sudden painless vision loss in his left eye that started
an hour ago and he still cannot see out of his left eye. He has a medial history of HTN and CAD
and new onset atrial fibrillation. On physical exam you note a carotid bruit. Fundoscopic exam
shows segmentation of the blood vessels, and a pale retina with a cherry red spot in the fovea
What is the likely diagnosis?
a. Central retinal vein occlusion
b. Optic neuritis
c. Central retinal artery occlusion
d. Amaurosis fugax - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔c. Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion shows blood and thunder retina & neovascularation
Amaurosis fugax only lasts for a few minutes
, Page 3 of 91
Question: Which disease presents with leukocoria (presence of white reflex instead of red
reflex) and is typically diagnosed in young children?
a. Retinoblastoma
b. Rhabdomyosarcoma
c. Retinopathy
d. Retinal detachment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔a. Retinoblastoma
Question: An ocular examination is performed on a patient during a routine medical check-up.
Retinal exam demonstrates generalized retinal arteriolar constriction, broad and dull light reflex,
flame-shaped hemorrhages in two areas, arteriovenous nicking and multiple cotton wool spots.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Central artery occlusion
b. Hypertensive retinopathy
c. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
d. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔b. Hypertensive retinopathy
Question: What is the most common bacterial cause of a hordeolum?
a. S. aureus
b. H. influenzae
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c. S. pneumoniae
d. S. pyogenes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔a. S. aureus
Question: A 41 year old construction worker presents to the ER after something flew and hit
him in the eye at work which left him with severe right eye pain and decreased visual acuity. On
a physical exam, you notice a tear drop shaped pupil. Seidel's test is positive. There is no other
apparent trauma to the face. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Globe rupture
b. Orbital blowout
c. Foreign body
d. Corneal laceration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔a. Globe rupture
Question: What is the best treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis?
a. Cromolyn sodium 4% ophthalmic solution
b. Erythromycin ophthalmic 0.5% ointment
c. Oral azithromycin
d. Ciprofloxacin 0.3% eye drops - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔b. Erythromycin ophthalmic 0.5%
ointment
Question: Which of the following is not part of the Centor criteria for diagnosis GABHS caused
pharyngitis?
