APHON Exam Solved Correctly To
Score A+
How does cancer start? CORRECT ANSWERS with one cell; one genetic mutation
How are cyclins activated? CORRECT ANSWERS When they are bound with a CDK
enzyme
What do cyclins do? CORRECT ANSWERS stimulate the cell to go to the next phase
What do CDK inhibitors do? CORRECT ANSWERS prevent damaged cells from
replicating
What is apoptosis? CORRECT ANSWERS programmed cell death
What is a natural cell death where the cell blebbs and is removed by phagocytes?
CORRECT ANSWERS apoptosis
Do cancer cells have apoptosis? CORRECT ANSWERS no
What is the primary reason multiple chemotherapy agents are used to treat cancer?
CORRECT ANSWERS resistance to single chemotherapy agents can develop
Why do we use multiple chemotherapy agents? CORRECT ANSWERS to overcome
drug resistance and give a broader range of coverage against naturally resistant tumor
cells
In the TNM staging system, what does the T stand for? CORRECT ANSWERS primary
Tumor size
In the TNM staging system, what does the N stand for? CORRECT ANSWERS
presence or absence of lymph Node involvement
In the TNM staging system, what does the M stand for? CORRECT ANSWERS
presence or absence of distant Metastases
What is pharmacodynamics? CORRECT ANSWERS the effect of the medication on the
body
What is pharmacokinetics? CORRECT ANSWERS How the body affects the medication
What is pharmacogenetics? CORRECT ANSWERS How their genetic makeup affects
the response
Score A+
How does cancer start? CORRECT ANSWERS with one cell; one genetic mutation
How are cyclins activated? CORRECT ANSWERS When they are bound with a CDK
enzyme
What do cyclins do? CORRECT ANSWERS stimulate the cell to go to the next phase
What do CDK inhibitors do? CORRECT ANSWERS prevent damaged cells from
replicating
What is apoptosis? CORRECT ANSWERS programmed cell death
What is a natural cell death where the cell blebbs and is removed by phagocytes?
CORRECT ANSWERS apoptosis
Do cancer cells have apoptosis? CORRECT ANSWERS no
What is the primary reason multiple chemotherapy agents are used to treat cancer?
CORRECT ANSWERS resistance to single chemotherapy agents can develop
Why do we use multiple chemotherapy agents? CORRECT ANSWERS to overcome
drug resistance and give a broader range of coverage against naturally resistant tumor
cells
In the TNM staging system, what does the T stand for? CORRECT ANSWERS primary
Tumor size
In the TNM staging system, what does the N stand for? CORRECT ANSWERS
presence or absence of lymph Node involvement
In the TNM staging system, what does the M stand for? CORRECT ANSWERS
presence or absence of distant Metastases
What is pharmacodynamics? CORRECT ANSWERS the effect of the medication on the
body
What is pharmacokinetics? CORRECT ANSWERS How the body affects the medication
What is pharmacogenetics? CORRECT ANSWERS How their genetic makeup affects
the response
