NURS 2063 Practice Exam Questions
with Answers
What causes rigid abdomen in Peritonitis? - ✔✔Develops because of a reflexive abdominal
muscle spasm that occurs. Inflamed tissue creates abdominal tenderness and pain that worsen
with movement
What disorder results in Mechanical Bowel Obstruction? - ✔✔Intestinal Obstruction
The cause of Hiatal Hernia - ✔✔Occurs when a section of the stomach protrudes upward
through an opening (hiatus) in the diaphragm toward the thoracic cavity. The hiatus develops
from weakening of the diaphragm muscle, frequently resulting from increased intrathoracic
pressure (e.g., coughing, vomiting, or straining to defecate) or increased intra-abdominal
pressure (e.g., pregnancy and obesity). Other causes of a hiatus include trauma and congenital
defects.
Cause of diarrhea with antibiotic ingestion - ✔✔Antibiotics destroy some of these bacteria,
which allow other types to grow too much. In some cases, antibiotics can allow a type of
bacteria called Clostridioides difficile to grow too much. This can lead to severe, watery, and
often bloody diarrhea called pseudomembranous colitis
Causative of Peptic Ulcer Disease - ✔✔Develops because of an imbalance between destructive
forces (e.g., excess acid production) and protective mechanisms (e.g., decreased mucus
production) induced by a secondary process rather than an innate defect. The most common
causes of peptic ulcers are infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and long-
term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB,
others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve)
Cause of Chronic Pancreatitis - ✔✔Alcoholism
Define Intussusception - ✔✔Telescoping of a portion of the intestine into another portion
, Cause of Heartburn - ✔✔Occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes, allowing the
acidic contents of the stomach to reflux into the esophagus. The most common cause is food
that's acidic or high in fat—like citrus fruits, tomatoes, onions, chocolate, coffee, cheese, and
peppermint. Spicy foods or large meals can also be the root of distress. Other sources of
heartburn include aspirin or ibuprofen, as well as some sedatives and blood pressure
medications.
Fecal Impaction/Mechanical Bowel Obstruction - ✔✔Colon narrowed by scar tissue,
Diverticulum filled with feces, Inflammation, Telescoping of ileum inside adjacent section of
colon, Blood vessels drawn in between layers and compressed, and Ileum appendix
Cause of Acute Pancreatitis - ✔✔Cholelithiasis
Hepatitis A-E - ✔✔See notes
Cleft Lip and Palate - ✔✔Cleft lip and palate are birth defects that occur when soft tissues of
the lip or mouth do not form properly. Cleft lip and palate may occur either together or
separately. These conditions usually develop in the second month of pregnancy, when the
fetus's facial structures are forming. Every year in the United States, approximately 2,650
babies are born with cleft palate and approximately 4,440 babies are born with a cleft lip with
or without a cleft palate. Maternal smoking, preexisting diabetes, and seizure medication use
(especially in the first trimester) are significant risk factors. Additionally, these defects are more
prevalent in Native Americans and Asian Americans, with African Americans having the lowest
prevalence.
The deformities with cleft lip and palate may be unilateral or bilateral. The severity of the
deformity ranges from a mild notch to involvement of the lip, palate, and tongue (FIGURE 1-33).
Feeding and nutritional issues may occur because of these structural problems, which affect the
ability to nurse and eat.
Clinical Manifestations of Appendicitis - ✔✔The first symptom is often pain near the umbilicus.
As swelling increases, the pain tends to move to the lower right quadrant of the abdomen
(McBurney point). The pain gradually intensifies over approximately 12-24 hours. It is often
aggravated by movement, so patients tend to guard their abdomen. Due to normal anatomic
with Answers
What causes rigid abdomen in Peritonitis? - ✔✔Develops because of a reflexive abdominal
muscle spasm that occurs. Inflamed tissue creates abdominal tenderness and pain that worsen
with movement
What disorder results in Mechanical Bowel Obstruction? - ✔✔Intestinal Obstruction
The cause of Hiatal Hernia - ✔✔Occurs when a section of the stomach protrudes upward
through an opening (hiatus) in the diaphragm toward the thoracic cavity. The hiatus develops
from weakening of the diaphragm muscle, frequently resulting from increased intrathoracic
pressure (e.g., coughing, vomiting, or straining to defecate) or increased intra-abdominal
pressure (e.g., pregnancy and obesity). Other causes of a hiatus include trauma and congenital
defects.
Cause of diarrhea with antibiotic ingestion - ✔✔Antibiotics destroy some of these bacteria,
which allow other types to grow too much. In some cases, antibiotics can allow a type of
bacteria called Clostridioides difficile to grow too much. This can lead to severe, watery, and
often bloody diarrhea called pseudomembranous colitis
Causative of Peptic Ulcer Disease - ✔✔Develops because of an imbalance between destructive
forces (e.g., excess acid production) and protective mechanisms (e.g., decreased mucus
production) induced by a secondary process rather than an innate defect. The most common
causes of peptic ulcers are infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and long-
term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB,
others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve)
Cause of Chronic Pancreatitis - ✔✔Alcoholism
Define Intussusception - ✔✔Telescoping of a portion of the intestine into another portion
, Cause of Heartburn - ✔✔Occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes, allowing the
acidic contents of the stomach to reflux into the esophagus. The most common cause is food
that's acidic or high in fat—like citrus fruits, tomatoes, onions, chocolate, coffee, cheese, and
peppermint. Spicy foods or large meals can also be the root of distress. Other sources of
heartburn include aspirin or ibuprofen, as well as some sedatives and blood pressure
medications.
Fecal Impaction/Mechanical Bowel Obstruction - ✔✔Colon narrowed by scar tissue,
Diverticulum filled with feces, Inflammation, Telescoping of ileum inside adjacent section of
colon, Blood vessels drawn in between layers and compressed, and Ileum appendix
Cause of Acute Pancreatitis - ✔✔Cholelithiasis
Hepatitis A-E - ✔✔See notes
Cleft Lip and Palate - ✔✔Cleft lip and palate are birth defects that occur when soft tissues of
the lip or mouth do not form properly. Cleft lip and palate may occur either together or
separately. These conditions usually develop in the second month of pregnancy, when the
fetus's facial structures are forming. Every year in the United States, approximately 2,650
babies are born with cleft palate and approximately 4,440 babies are born with a cleft lip with
or without a cleft palate. Maternal smoking, preexisting diabetes, and seizure medication use
(especially in the first trimester) are significant risk factors. Additionally, these defects are more
prevalent in Native Americans and Asian Americans, with African Americans having the lowest
prevalence.
The deformities with cleft lip and palate may be unilateral or bilateral. The severity of the
deformity ranges from a mild notch to involvement of the lip, palate, and tongue (FIGURE 1-33).
Feeding and nutritional issues may occur because of these structural problems, which affect the
ability to nurse and eat.
Clinical Manifestations of Appendicitis - ✔✔The first symptom is often pain near the umbilicus.
As swelling increases, the pain tends to move to the lower right quadrant of the abdomen
(McBurney point). The pain gradually intensifies over approximately 12-24 hours. It is often
aggravated by movement, so patients tend to guard their abdomen. Due to normal anatomic
