NUR 442 Exam with Accurate Answers. Latest
Edition
What is included in the universal imperative of care? - ✔✔- mortality (this is priority)
- morbidity
- daily functioning
- decision making
- cost
global communicable diseases - ✔✔Communicable diseases disproportionally impact resource-
constrained communities and are linked to a complex range of overlapping determinants of
health. These include availability of safe drinking water and basic sanitation, housing
conditions, climate change risks, gender inequity, sociocultural factors, and poverty, among
others.
It is estimated that a core group of communicable diseases, including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis
(TB), malaria, and neglected infectious diseases, accounted for 6 percent of the total burden of
disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in all age groups and sexes in the Americas in 2017. The
same group of diseases was responsible for 7% of all deaths. Mortality burden increases to 9%
of deaths when viral hepatitis-related cirrhosis and hepatic cancers, as well as cervical cancer,
are included.
In addition to economic costs, communicable diseases impose intangible social costs on
individuals, familie America s, and communities. In sum, the burden of these diseases, with
their health, economic, and social costs, prevents the full achievement of health and highlights
the need to step up disease elimination efforts in the
What is the World Health Organization (WHO)? - ✔✔a specialized agency created in 1948
under the UN with the objective for "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level
of health"
- it's mission reflects global health promotion by supporting development efforts of
governments, organizations, and universities throughout the world
,- can help a member state determine the drugs that are essential and will assist in developing
health policy, project plans, and programs
- as of 2020, has 124 member states
- headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland
- Goal: promoting the health of all people globally
What is the highest governing body within WHO? - ✔✔World health assembly
What is a Nongovernmental Agency (NGO)? - ✔✔a nonprofit or voluntary citizens' group
formed to address a social issue
Examples:
- global health council
- the center for international health and cooperation
- CARE
- Carter center
What are primary prevention strategies to prevent acute respiratory infections in children? -
✔✔- general health education among community
- teach good hygiene and childcare practices
- promote child spacing and good prenatal care
- support breastfeeding w/ adequate nutrition after weaning
- eliminate poverty and household crowding
- treat all respiratory infections
- reduce or avoid exposure to common respiratory risk factors (indoor cook stoves w/o
chimneys)
- avoid direct/indirect exposure to smoke (cigarette, cigar, pipe, wood)
What are secondary prevention strategies to prevent acute respiratory infections in children? -
✔✔- teach caregivers when to seek medical attention
, - refer early for prompt diagnosis of ARI
- administer appropriate immunizations
- screen and monitor children for early signs/symptoms
What are tertiary prevention strategies to prevent acute respiratory infections in children? -
✔✔- rehabilitation:
*provide adequate nutrition
*provide adequate rest
*restore child to optimal level of functioning through the recovery period
- treatment and focused prevention:
*diagnose and treat early
*monitor for hypoxemia
*provide o2 therapy
*provide culturally appropriate symptomatic care
*reinforce compliance w/ tx plan
*teach caregiver s/s of complications
*educate for prevention of recurrence and spread of disease
*promote practices that prevent spread of disease among family members
What is a causality? - ✔✔the number of human beings injured or killed by or as a direct result
of an incident
What is considered a multiple-causality incident? - ✔✔casualties number more than 2 people
but less than 100
(between 2 and 100)
What is considered a mass-causality incident? - ✔✔incident involves 100 or more causalities
Edition
What is included in the universal imperative of care? - ✔✔- mortality (this is priority)
- morbidity
- daily functioning
- decision making
- cost
global communicable diseases - ✔✔Communicable diseases disproportionally impact resource-
constrained communities and are linked to a complex range of overlapping determinants of
health. These include availability of safe drinking water and basic sanitation, housing
conditions, climate change risks, gender inequity, sociocultural factors, and poverty, among
others.
It is estimated that a core group of communicable diseases, including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis
(TB), malaria, and neglected infectious diseases, accounted for 6 percent of the total burden of
disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in all age groups and sexes in the Americas in 2017. The
same group of diseases was responsible for 7% of all deaths. Mortality burden increases to 9%
of deaths when viral hepatitis-related cirrhosis and hepatic cancers, as well as cervical cancer,
are included.
In addition to economic costs, communicable diseases impose intangible social costs on
individuals, familie America s, and communities. In sum, the burden of these diseases, with
their health, economic, and social costs, prevents the full achievement of health and highlights
the need to step up disease elimination efforts in the
What is the World Health Organization (WHO)? - ✔✔a specialized agency created in 1948
under the UN with the objective for "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level
of health"
- it's mission reflects global health promotion by supporting development efforts of
governments, organizations, and universities throughout the world
,- can help a member state determine the drugs that are essential and will assist in developing
health policy, project plans, and programs
- as of 2020, has 124 member states
- headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland
- Goal: promoting the health of all people globally
What is the highest governing body within WHO? - ✔✔World health assembly
What is a Nongovernmental Agency (NGO)? - ✔✔a nonprofit or voluntary citizens' group
formed to address a social issue
Examples:
- global health council
- the center for international health and cooperation
- CARE
- Carter center
What are primary prevention strategies to prevent acute respiratory infections in children? -
✔✔- general health education among community
- teach good hygiene and childcare practices
- promote child spacing and good prenatal care
- support breastfeeding w/ adequate nutrition after weaning
- eliminate poverty and household crowding
- treat all respiratory infections
- reduce or avoid exposure to common respiratory risk factors (indoor cook stoves w/o
chimneys)
- avoid direct/indirect exposure to smoke (cigarette, cigar, pipe, wood)
What are secondary prevention strategies to prevent acute respiratory infections in children? -
✔✔- teach caregivers when to seek medical attention
, - refer early for prompt diagnosis of ARI
- administer appropriate immunizations
- screen and monitor children for early signs/symptoms
What are tertiary prevention strategies to prevent acute respiratory infections in children? -
✔✔- rehabilitation:
*provide adequate nutrition
*provide adequate rest
*restore child to optimal level of functioning through the recovery period
- treatment and focused prevention:
*diagnose and treat early
*monitor for hypoxemia
*provide o2 therapy
*provide culturally appropriate symptomatic care
*reinforce compliance w/ tx plan
*teach caregiver s/s of complications
*educate for prevention of recurrence and spread of disease
*promote practices that prevent spread of disease among family members
What is a causality? - ✔✔the number of human beings injured or killed by or as a direct result
of an incident
What is considered a multiple-causality incident? - ✔✔casualties number more than 2 people
but less than 100
(between 2 and 100)
What is considered a mass-causality incident? - ✔✔incident involves 100 or more causalities
