MSN 610 Module 2 Test Question With 100%
Verified Solutions
Nail base angle should be __ degrees - ANSWER 160
Infants are __ for the first few hours after birth and then __ - ANSWER red, pink
Dark skinned newborns may not show effects of melanocytes until - ANSWER 2-3
months
Vernix caseosa - ANSWER white, moist, cheese-like substance covering infant skin
Lanugo - ANSWER fine, silky hairs covering infant skin
Mila - ANSWER small, whitish, discrete papules on the face of an infant for 2-3 months
Acrocyanosis - ANSWER bluish discoloration of hands and feet that is expected in
newborns
Cutis marmorata - ANSWER transient mottling when exposed to temperature changes,
expected in newborns
Erythema toxicum - ANSWER pink rash with vesicles on the thorax, back, buttocks and
abdomen for 24-48 hours after birth, resolves after a few days
Mongolian spots - ANSWER irregular areas of deep blue pigmentation in the sacral and
gluteal regions, normal in infants
Salmon patches - ANSWER "stork bites"
flat, deep pink localized areas on the mid-forehead, eyelids, upper lip, neck and/or back
of infants
Normal findings for older adults skin assessment - ANSWER skin more transparent and
more pale
pigment deposits, increased freckling, hypopigmented patches
flaking or scaling of skin r/t drying with aging
looser, thinner skin, parchment-like appearance and texture, poor turgor, r/t decrease in
,subcutaneous tissue and muscle tone
sagging/drooping under chin, beneath eyes, ear lobes, breasts and scrotum
Cherry angiomas - ANSWER tiny, round, bright red papules that increase in number as
we age
Seborrheic Keratoses - ANSWER pigmented, raised, warty lesions on face and trunk
Sebaceous hyperplasias - ANSWER yellowish, flattened papules with central
depressions
Cutaneous tags - ANSWER small, soft tags of skin on chest and neck
Cutaneous horn - ANSWER small, hard projection of epidermis on forehead and face
of older adults
Solar lentigines - ANSWER irregular, round, gray-brown macules with rough surfaces
that occur in sun-exposed areas, often called age spots or liver spots
Older adult skin assessment;
hormone changes lead to decreased hair production in the __ and __ regions
decrease in number of functioning melanocytes leads to __
Nails become __ and more __ and grow __ due to __ - ANSWER hormone changes =
less hair in the pubic and axillary regions
decrease melanocytes = hair turns gray
Nails become thicker, more brittle and grow at slower rate r/t decreased peripheral
circulation
Macule - ANSWER flat, circumscribed area with color variation, less than 1 cm
freckles, flat nevi, petechiae, measles
Papule - ANSWER elevated, firm, circumscribed area, less than 1 cm
warts, elevated nevi
, Patches - ANSWER flat, nonpalpable, irregularly shaped macules greater than 1 cm
vitiligo, port-wine stains, Mongolian spots
Plaques - ANSWER elevated, firm, rough lesions with flat surface, greater than 1 cm
psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, actinic keratosis
Wheals - ANSWER elevated, irregularly shaped areas of cutaneous edema, solid,
transient and have varying diameters
insect bites/stings, urticaria/hives, allergic reactions
Nodules - ANSWER elevated, firm, circumscribed lesions that penetrate the dermis, 1-
2 cm in diameter
erythema nodosum and lipomas
Tumors - ANSWER elevated, solid lesions that may or may not be clearly demarcated,
penetrate deeper into the dermis and are greater than 2 cm
neoplasms/cancerous growths, benign tumors and lipomas
Vesicles - ANSWER elevated, circumscribed, superficial lesions that do not penetrate
the dermis, filled with serous fluid and are less than 2 cm in diameter
chickenpox and shingles
Bullae - ANSWER vesicles greater than 1 cm in diameter
blisters and pemphigus vulgaris
Pustules - ANSWER elevated, superficial lesions, similar to vesicles but filled with
purulent fluid
impetigo and acne
Cysts - ANSWER elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesions that penetrate the
dermis or subcutaneous layers of the skin, filled with liquid or semisolid material
sebaceous cysts, cystic acne
Verified Solutions
Nail base angle should be __ degrees - ANSWER 160
Infants are __ for the first few hours after birth and then __ - ANSWER red, pink
Dark skinned newborns may not show effects of melanocytes until - ANSWER 2-3
months
Vernix caseosa - ANSWER white, moist, cheese-like substance covering infant skin
Lanugo - ANSWER fine, silky hairs covering infant skin
Mila - ANSWER small, whitish, discrete papules on the face of an infant for 2-3 months
Acrocyanosis - ANSWER bluish discoloration of hands and feet that is expected in
newborns
Cutis marmorata - ANSWER transient mottling when exposed to temperature changes,
expected in newborns
Erythema toxicum - ANSWER pink rash with vesicles on the thorax, back, buttocks and
abdomen for 24-48 hours after birth, resolves after a few days
Mongolian spots - ANSWER irregular areas of deep blue pigmentation in the sacral and
gluteal regions, normal in infants
Salmon patches - ANSWER "stork bites"
flat, deep pink localized areas on the mid-forehead, eyelids, upper lip, neck and/or back
of infants
Normal findings for older adults skin assessment - ANSWER skin more transparent and
more pale
pigment deposits, increased freckling, hypopigmented patches
flaking or scaling of skin r/t drying with aging
looser, thinner skin, parchment-like appearance and texture, poor turgor, r/t decrease in
,subcutaneous tissue and muscle tone
sagging/drooping under chin, beneath eyes, ear lobes, breasts and scrotum
Cherry angiomas - ANSWER tiny, round, bright red papules that increase in number as
we age
Seborrheic Keratoses - ANSWER pigmented, raised, warty lesions on face and trunk
Sebaceous hyperplasias - ANSWER yellowish, flattened papules with central
depressions
Cutaneous tags - ANSWER small, soft tags of skin on chest and neck
Cutaneous horn - ANSWER small, hard projection of epidermis on forehead and face
of older adults
Solar lentigines - ANSWER irregular, round, gray-brown macules with rough surfaces
that occur in sun-exposed areas, often called age spots or liver spots
Older adult skin assessment;
hormone changes lead to decreased hair production in the __ and __ regions
decrease in number of functioning melanocytes leads to __
Nails become __ and more __ and grow __ due to __ - ANSWER hormone changes =
less hair in the pubic and axillary regions
decrease melanocytes = hair turns gray
Nails become thicker, more brittle and grow at slower rate r/t decreased peripheral
circulation
Macule - ANSWER flat, circumscribed area with color variation, less than 1 cm
freckles, flat nevi, petechiae, measles
Papule - ANSWER elevated, firm, circumscribed area, less than 1 cm
warts, elevated nevi
, Patches - ANSWER flat, nonpalpable, irregularly shaped macules greater than 1 cm
vitiligo, port-wine stains, Mongolian spots
Plaques - ANSWER elevated, firm, rough lesions with flat surface, greater than 1 cm
psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, actinic keratosis
Wheals - ANSWER elevated, irregularly shaped areas of cutaneous edema, solid,
transient and have varying diameters
insect bites/stings, urticaria/hives, allergic reactions
Nodules - ANSWER elevated, firm, circumscribed lesions that penetrate the dermis, 1-
2 cm in diameter
erythema nodosum and lipomas
Tumors - ANSWER elevated, solid lesions that may or may not be clearly demarcated,
penetrate deeper into the dermis and are greater than 2 cm
neoplasms/cancerous growths, benign tumors and lipomas
Vesicles - ANSWER elevated, circumscribed, superficial lesions that do not penetrate
the dermis, filled with serous fluid and are less than 2 cm in diameter
chickenpox and shingles
Bullae - ANSWER vesicles greater than 1 cm in diameter
blisters and pemphigus vulgaris
Pustules - ANSWER elevated, superficial lesions, similar to vesicles but filled with
purulent fluid
impetigo and acne
Cysts - ANSWER elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesions that penetrate the
dermis or subcutaneous layers of the skin, filled with liquid or semisolid material
sebaceous cysts, cystic acne
