PN3006 - Midterm and Final review
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
inflammation of the vein's inner lining (tunica intimia); pain, edema, erythema, INCREASED
SKIN TEMP, streaking; causes can be mechanical or chemical - CORRECT
ANSWER phlebitis
inflammation that causes a blood clot to form; s&s=DECREASED FLOW RATE, bruising;
complications=pulmonary embolism, stroke - CORRECT ANSWER thrombophlebitis
IV fluids enter the surrounding space around the venipuncture site; s&s=swelling, pallor,
COOLNESS fluid at site; tx=d/c IV and insert new catheter into alternate extremity - CORRECT
ANSWER infiltration
same as infiltration except with CHEMOTHERAPY agents - CORRECT
ANSWER extravasation
air bubble in vien; s&s=SOB, coughing, shoulder/neck pain, agitation, hypotension, increased
heart rate, jugular vein distension - CORRECT ANSWER air embolism
fluid overload; excess fluid accumulation in lungs due to increased fluid in circulatory system;
s&s=decreased O2 sat, increased resp rate, crackles at lung base, pinky frothy sputum -
CORRECT ANSWER pulmonary edema
systemic infection caused by pathogens introduced to bloodstream through puncture site; can
lead to sepsis/bacteremia - CORRECT ANSWER CR-BSI
local infection at IV site; 2-3 days after IV site started - CORRECT ANSWER infection
, low sodium; causes - dehydration, hypertonic solution - CORRECT
ANSWER hyponatremia
rx to IV device; anaphylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER allergic reaction during IV
administration
increased fluid in blood; s&s=pulmonary edema, resp issues (dyspenea); nursing
interventions=lung assessment, vs, electrolyte balance, monitor output - CORRECT
ANSWER hypervolemia
grade 0-4; 1=edema<2.5cm, 2=edema 2.5-15cm, 3=gross edema 2.5- 15cm, 4=deep pitting
edema with severe pain - CORRECT ANSWER infiltration scale
0-4; 1=erythema, 2=pain with erythema, 3=pain, erythema, streaks, 4=purulent drainage -
CORRECT ANSWER phlebitis scale
1. infiltration 2. tube occlusion 3. vein spasms (chilled fluids?) 4. height of drip chamber (>3ft)
5. position of cannula (flexion?) 6. patient (moving, touching) - CORRECT ANSWER 6
factors that affect flow rate
q72 hrs for primary tubing with hyper/hypo/iso solution (or when insertion site is changed), q24
hrs for secondary tubing, q24 hrs for infusions of TPN, q4 hrs for blood products - CORRECT
ANSWER when to change IV tubing
acute hemolytic, febrile, mild allergic, anaphylactic, circulatory overload, sepsis - CORRECT
ANSWER 6 transfusion reactions
incompatible blood products - CORRECT ANSWER cause of acute hemolytic reaction
incompatible WBC/plasma/plasma protein - CORRECT ANSWER cause of febrile
transfusion reaction
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
inflammation of the vein's inner lining (tunica intimia); pain, edema, erythema, INCREASED
SKIN TEMP, streaking; causes can be mechanical or chemical - CORRECT
ANSWER phlebitis
inflammation that causes a blood clot to form; s&s=DECREASED FLOW RATE, bruising;
complications=pulmonary embolism, stroke - CORRECT ANSWER thrombophlebitis
IV fluids enter the surrounding space around the venipuncture site; s&s=swelling, pallor,
COOLNESS fluid at site; tx=d/c IV and insert new catheter into alternate extremity - CORRECT
ANSWER infiltration
same as infiltration except with CHEMOTHERAPY agents - CORRECT
ANSWER extravasation
air bubble in vien; s&s=SOB, coughing, shoulder/neck pain, agitation, hypotension, increased
heart rate, jugular vein distension - CORRECT ANSWER air embolism
fluid overload; excess fluid accumulation in lungs due to increased fluid in circulatory system;
s&s=decreased O2 sat, increased resp rate, crackles at lung base, pinky frothy sputum -
CORRECT ANSWER pulmonary edema
systemic infection caused by pathogens introduced to bloodstream through puncture site; can
lead to sepsis/bacteremia - CORRECT ANSWER CR-BSI
local infection at IV site; 2-3 days after IV site started - CORRECT ANSWER infection
, low sodium; causes - dehydration, hypertonic solution - CORRECT
ANSWER hyponatremia
rx to IV device; anaphylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER allergic reaction during IV
administration
increased fluid in blood; s&s=pulmonary edema, resp issues (dyspenea); nursing
interventions=lung assessment, vs, electrolyte balance, monitor output - CORRECT
ANSWER hypervolemia
grade 0-4; 1=edema<2.5cm, 2=edema 2.5-15cm, 3=gross edema 2.5- 15cm, 4=deep pitting
edema with severe pain - CORRECT ANSWER infiltration scale
0-4; 1=erythema, 2=pain with erythema, 3=pain, erythema, streaks, 4=purulent drainage -
CORRECT ANSWER phlebitis scale
1. infiltration 2. tube occlusion 3. vein spasms (chilled fluids?) 4. height of drip chamber (>3ft)
5. position of cannula (flexion?) 6. patient (moving, touching) - CORRECT ANSWER 6
factors that affect flow rate
q72 hrs for primary tubing with hyper/hypo/iso solution (or when insertion site is changed), q24
hrs for secondary tubing, q24 hrs for infusions of TPN, q4 hrs for blood products - CORRECT
ANSWER when to change IV tubing
acute hemolytic, febrile, mild allergic, anaphylactic, circulatory overload, sepsis - CORRECT
ANSWER 6 transfusion reactions
incompatible blood products - CORRECT ANSWER cause of acute hemolytic reaction
incompatible WBC/plasma/plasma protein - CORRECT ANSWER cause of febrile
transfusion reaction
