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Final SATA Test 120 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers and Rationale
The nurse is caring for five clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which clients would
the nurse consider to be at risk for post-renal acute kidney injury (AKI)? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Man with prostate cancer
b. Woman with blood clots in the urinary tract
c. Client with ureterolithiasis
d. Firefighter with severe burns
e. Young woman with lupus
Ans: ANS: A, B, C
Rationale
Urine flow obstruction, such as prostate cancer, blood clots in the urinary tract, and
kidney stones (ureterolithiasis), causes post-renal AKI. Severe burns would be a pre-
renal cause. Lupus would be an intrarenal cause for AKI.
A nurse is caring for a postoperative 70-kg client who had major blood loss during
surgery. Which findings by the nurse should prompt immediate action to prevent acute
kidney injury? (Select all that apply.)
a. Urine output of 100 mL in 4 hours
b. Urine output of 500 mL in 12 hours
c. Large amount of sediment in the urine
d. Amber, odorless urine
e. Blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg
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Ans: ANS: A, C, E
Rationale
The low urine output, sediment, and blood pressure should be reported to the
provider. Postoperatively, the nurse should measure intake and output, check the
characteristics of the urine, and report sediment, hematuria, and urine output of less
than 0.5 mL/kg/hour for 3 to 4 hours. A urine output of 100 mL is low, but a urine
output of 500 mL in 12 hours should be within normal limits. Perfusion to the kidneys
is compromised with low blood pressure. The amber odorless urine is normal
A client is hospitalized in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI) and is
receiving tube feedings. The nurse is teaching the client's spouse about the kidney-
specific formulation for the enteral solution compared to standard formulas. What
components should be discussed in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)
a. Lower sodium
b. Higher calcium
c. Lower potassium
d. Higher phosphorus
e. Higher calories
Ans: ANS: A, C, E
Rationale
Many clients with AKI are too ill to meet caloric goals and require tube feedings with
kidney-specific formulas that are lower in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, and
higher in calories than are standard formulas.
The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus how to prevent or delay chronic
kidney disease (CKD). Which client statements indicate a lack of understanding of the
teaching? (Select all that apply.)
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a. "I need to decrease sodium, cholesterol, and protein in my diet."
b. "My weight should be maintained at a body mass index of 30."
c. "Smoking should be stopped as soon as I possibly can."
d. "I can continue to take an aspirin every 4 to 8 hours for my pain."
e. "I really only need to drink a couple of glasses of water each day."
Ans: ANS: B, D, E
Rationale
Weight should be maintained at a body mass index (BMI) of 22 to 25. A BMI of 30
indicates obesity. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin
should be limited to the lowest time at the lowest dose due to interference with kidney
blood flow. The client should drink at least 2 liters of water daily. Diet adjustments
should be made by restricting sodium, cholesterol, and protein. Smoking causes
constriction of blood vessels and decreases kidney perfusion, so the client should stop
smoking.
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client recently diagnosed with chronic
kidney disease (CKD). Which statements made by the client indicate a correct
understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
a. "I can continue to take antacids to relieve heartburn."
b. "I need to ask for an antibiotic when scheduling a dental appointment."
c. "I'll need to check my blood sugar often to prevent hypoglycemia."
d. "The dose of my pain medication may have to be adjusted."
e. "I should watch for bleeding when taking my anticoagulants."
Ans: ANS: B, C, D, E
Rationale
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In discharge teaching, the nurse must emphasize that the client needs to have an
antibiotic prophylactically before dental procedures to prevent infection. There may be
a need for dose reduction in medications if the kidney is not excreting them properly
(antacids with magnesium, antibiotics, antidiabetic drugs, insulin, opioids, and
anticoagulants).
A client is undergoing hemodialysis. The client's blood pressure at the beginning of the
procedure was 136/88 mm Hg, and now it is 110/54 mm Hg. What actions should the
nurse perform to maintain blood pressure? (Select all that apply.)
a. Adjust the rate of extracorporeal blood flow.
b. Place the client in the Trendelenburg position.
c. Stop the hemodialysis treatment.
d. Administer a 250-mL bolus of normal saline.
e. Contact the health care provider for orders.
Ans: ANS: A, B, D
Rationale
Hypotension occurs often during hemodialysis treatments as a result of vasodilation
from the warmed dialysate. Modest decreases in blood pressure, as is the case with
this client, can be maintained with rate adjustment, Trendelenburg positioning, and a
fluid bolus. If the blood pressure drops considerably after two boluses and cooling
dialysate, the hemodialysis can be stopped and the health care provider contacted.
A client is unsure of the decision to undergo peritoneal dialysis (PD) and wishes to
discuss the advantages of this treatment with the nurse. Which statements by the
nurse are accurate regarding PD? (Select all that apply.)
a. "You will not need vascular access to perform PD."
b. "There is less restriction of protein and fluids."
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Final SATA Test 120 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers and Rationale
The nurse is caring for five clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which clients would
the nurse consider to be at risk for post-renal acute kidney injury (AKI)? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Man with prostate cancer
b. Woman with blood clots in the urinary tract
c. Client with ureterolithiasis
d. Firefighter with severe burns
e. Young woman with lupus
Ans: ANS: A, B, C
Rationale
Urine flow obstruction, such as prostate cancer, blood clots in the urinary tract, and
kidney stones (ureterolithiasis), causes post-renal AKI. Severe burns would be a pre-
renal cause. Lupus would be an intrarenal cause for AKI.
A nurse is caring for a postoperative 70-kg client who had major blood loss during
surgery. Which findings by the nurse should prompt immediate action to prevent acute
kidney injury? (Select all that apply.)
a. Urine output of 100 mL in 4 hours
b. Urine output of 500 mL in 12 hours
c. Large amount of sediment in the urine
d. Amber, odorless urine
e. Blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg
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Ans: ANS: A, C, E
Rationale
The low urine output, sediment, and blood pressure should be reported to the
provider. Postoperatively, the nurse should measure intake and output, check the
characteristics of the urine, and report sediment, hematuria, and urine output of less
than 0.5 mL/kg/hour for 3 to 4 hours. A urine output of 100 mL is low, but a urine
output of 500 mL in 12 hours should be within normal limits. Perfusion to the kidneys
is compromised with low blood pressure. The amber odorless urine is normal
A client is hospitalized in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI) and is
receiving tube feedings. The nurse is teaching the client's spouse about the kidney-
specific formulation for the enteral solution compared to standard formulas. What
components should be discussed in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)
a. Lower sodium
b. Higher calcium
c. Lower potassium
d. Higher phosphorus
e. Higher calories
Ans: ANS: A, C, E
Rationale
Many clients with AKI are too ill to meet caloric goals and require tube feedings with
kidney-specific formulas that are lower in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, and
higher in calories than are standard formulas.
The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus how to prevent or delay chronic
kidney disease (CKD). Which client statements indicate a lack of understanding of the
teaching? (Select all that apply.)
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a. "I need to decrease sodium, cholesterol, and protein in my diet."
b. "My weight should be maintained at a body mass index of 30."
c. "Smoking should be stopped as soon as I possibly can."
d. "I can continue to take an aspirin every 4 to 8 hours for my pain."
e. "I really only need to drink a couple of glasses of water each day."
Ans: ANS: B, D, E
Rationale
Weight should be maintained at a body mass index (BMI) of 22 to 25. A BMI of 30
indicates obesity. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin
should be limited to the lowest time at the lowest dose due to interference with kidney
blood flow. The client should drink at least 2 liters of water daily. Diet adjustments
should be made by restricting sodium, cholesterol, and protein. Smoking causes
constriction of blood vessels and decreases kidney perfusion, so the client should stop
smoking.
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client recently diagnosed with chronic
kidney disease (CKD). Which statements made by the client indicate a correct
understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
a. "I can continue to take antacids to relieve heartburn."
b. "I need to ask for an antibiotic when scheduling a dental appointment."
c. "I'll need to check my blood sugar often to prevent hypoglycemia."
d. "The dose of my pain medication may have to be adjusted."
e. "I should watch for bleeding when taking my anticoagulants."
Ans: ANS: B, C, D, E
Rationale
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In discharge teaching, the nurse must emphasize that the client needs to have an
antibiotic prophylactically before dental procedures to prevent infection. There may be
a need for dose reduction in medications if the kidney is not excreting them properly
(antacids with magnesium, antibiotics, antidiabetic drugs, insulin, opioids, and
anticoagulants).
A client is undergoing hemodialysis. The client's blood pressure at the beginning of the
procedure was 136/88 mm Hg, and now it is 110/54 mm Hg. What actions should the
nurse perform to maintain blood pressure? (Select all that apply.)
a. Adjust the rate of extracorporeal blood flow.
b. Place the client in the Trendelenburg position.
c. Stop the hemodialysis treatment.
d. Administer a 250-mL bolus of normal saline.
e. Contact the health care provider for orders.
Ans: ANS: A, B, D
Rationale
Hypotension occurs often during hemodialysis treatments as a result of vasodilation
from the warmed dialysate. Modest decreases in blood pressure, as is the case with
this client, can be maintained with rate adjustment, Trendelenburg positioning, and a
fluid bolus. If the blood pressure drops considerably after two boluses and cooling
dialysate, the hemodialysis can be stopped and the health care provider contacted.
A client is unsure of the decision to undergo peritoneal dialysis (PD) and wishes to
discuss the advantages of this treatment with the nurse. Which statements by the
nurse are accurate regarding PD? (Select all that apply.)
a. "You will not need vascular access to perform PD."
b. "There is less restriction of protein and fluids."
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
