BIOS 195 Final Exam

Question (TCO1) Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback system in the human body? Question (TCO1) Which of the following molecules contains the sugar deoxyribose? Question (TCO2) Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, are steroid hormones produced by the Question (TCO3) Which of the following organelles is primarily associated with mitosis and meiosis? Question (TCO3) Glands that have openings directly onto bodily surfaces are classified as Question (TCO4) The digestion of carbohydrates into monosaccharides starts in the Question (TCO4) Which of the following hormones are the main regulators of the basal metabolic rate (BMR)? Question (TCO5) The site of production of blood cells is in the Question (TCO6) The transmitter that is released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle fibers is Question (TCO6) Muscle fatigue can be caused by Question (TCO7) Which of the following is NOT a component of the peripheral nervous system? Question (TCO7) The neuroglia that are specialized to produce the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system are the Question (TCO7) The stage of an action potential that is characterized by the activation of the sodium-potassium pump is the Question (TCO7) A neurotransmitter that hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane would be classified as a (n) _____ neurotransmitter. Question (TCO7) A disorder in which an individual experiences sudden paralysis resulting from macrophage destruction of the myelin sheath around peripheral nervous system axons is called Question (TCO7) Damage to the choroid plexus would interfere with Question (TCO7) The cervical enlargement of the spinal cord contains neurons that supply the Question (TCO7) Common effectors of autonomic reflexes include Question (TCO7) Which of the following areas of the brain is sometimes referred to as the emotional brain? Question (TCO7) The primary somatosensory cortex is located within the _____ lobe of the cerebral cortex. Question (TCO7) The process in which the strength of a sensation decreases during prolonged stimulation is referred to as Question (TCO7) Olfactory signals are transmitted to the cortex via the _____ cranial nerve Question (TCO7) Accommodation for near vision involves changing the shape of the Question (TCO7) The receptors for hearing are located on the Question (TCO7) The structure that carries tears from a lacrimal gland onto the surface of the eye is called a Question (TCO8) The type of protein that is most plentiful in blood plasma is called Question (TCO8) The protein in red blood cells that is specialized to carry oxygen is called Question (TCO8) The first phagocytic cells to arrive at a site of bacterial infection are the Question (TCO8) Platelets are disc-shaped, formed elements in the blood that are generated by splintering a large cell called a _____ into about 2,000-3,000 fragments. Question (TCO8) Oxygenated blood is delivered to the myocardium of the heart by the Question (TCO8) Which of the following vessels carries blood with the highest concentration of oxygen under normal circumstances? Question (TCO8) The P wave of an ECG is created by the electrical activity associated with Question (TCO8) At a normal resting heart rate, each cardiac cycle lasts approximately Question (TCO8) The smallest diameter blood vessels are Question (TCO8) The baroreceptors involved in blood pressure regulation are located in Question (TCO8) The lowest blood pressure typically occurs in the Question (TCO8) Which of the following hormones influences blood pressure? Question (TCO9) Which of the following structures in the respiratory system is commonly called the Adam’s apple? Question (TCO9) The false vocal cords Question (TCO9) Painful or labored breathing is referred to as Question (TCO9) Which of the following factors affect the release of oxygen from hemoglobin? Question (TCO10) The renal pyramids are located in the Question (TCO10) The first portion of the renal tubule emerging from the glomerular capsule is the Question (TCO10) The distal convoluted tubules empty directly into the Question (TCO10) An increase in the osmolarity of body fluids due to dehydration is sensed by osmoreceptors in the _____, triggering the release of _____ from the posterior pituitary. Question (TCO10) The initial trigger for the onset of puberty in both males and females is increased secretion of Question (TCO10) Approximately 60% of the volume of semen is produced by the Question (TCO10) All of the following are structures associated with the mammary glands EXCEPT the Question (TCO10) Menstruation is directly caused by a decrease in the ovarian secretion of Question (TCO10) The muscular structure that separates the uterine body from the vagina is the Question (TCO7) Describe the process of neuronal impulse conduction in unmyelinated and myelinated axons. Question (TCO7) Name and describe the locations and functions of the meninges. Explain the process of a spinal tap. Question (TCO8) What are the main differences between the pulmonary and systemic circulatory systems? Question (TCO9) Name and briefly describe the three basic processes of respiration. Question (TCO10) Describe the differences between tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion.