WWI
Positive Negative
367 000 black men were drafted AA’s tended to join the army as the marines as the US
Reserve Officer Training Corp programmes- set up Air Service refused to accept blacks and they were
at several black colleges and a segregated officers’ only offered menial tasks in the Navy.
training school was established in Iowa and by 1918, US army was segregated and black regiments tended
there were 639 black officers in France to have white officers.
Marcus Garvey Revival of the Klu Klux Klan 1915
Universal Negro Improvement Association revival fuelled partly by patriotism but was
(UNIA) 1914- dedicated to promoting AA’s also a defensive reaction to the Russian
and resettlement in Africa, with his goal Revolution and large-scale immigration from
being to unite the African diaspora to previous decades
‘establish a country and absolute government hostile to Jews, communists and anyone they
of their own’ identified as foreigners
1916- published ‘Negro World’ and urged
AA’s to be proud of their race and to return Marcus Garvey
to Africa 1922- he (alongside with 3 other UNIA
Black Star Line 1919- shipping company officials) were charged with mail fraud
that would establish trade and commerce involving the Black Star Line and was
between Africans in America and Africa sentenced to 5 years
Negroes Factories Association 1919- series
of companies that would manufacture a range
of goods between Africans in America
UNIA- reached 4 million members
Guinn vs US 1915 5 000 blacks conducted a silent parade in New York
grandfather clauses in the state constitutions City, carrying signs to protest against continued
of Maryland and Oklahoma were outlawed lynching’s and race riots
north- black men used their vote and there was an black veterans were not welcomed home as
increase in black newspapers conquering heroes, a fearful wave of lynching and
blacks also filled positions vacated by whites who had racist violence swept the nation
joined the army. northern whites resented the growing number of black
blacks that moved north were able to exercise the civil voters and many were furious to find their jobs taken
rights that had been denied to them in the south more by blacks when they returned from the war.
easily.
1915- 30,000 businesses in the South were owned by Red Summer Chicago Race Riot 1919
blacks when a teenage boy accidentally drifted
towards the ‘whites only’ section on Lake
Michigan beach, he was stoned and then
drowned
no whites were arrested for his death
13 days of violence followed leaving 23
black and 15 white people dead and 537
injured
Positive Negative
367 000 black men were drafted AA’s tended to join the army as the marines as the US
Reserve Officer Training Corp programmes- set up Air Service refused to accept blacks and they were
at several black colleges and a segregated officers’ only offered menial tasks in the Navy.
training school was established in Iowa and by 1918, US army was segregated and black regiments tended
there were 639 black officers in France to have white officers.
Marcus Garvey Revival of the Klu Klux Klan 1915
Universal Negro Improvement Association revival fuelled partly by patriotism but was
(UNIA) 1914- dedicated to promoting AA’s also a defensive reaction to the Russian
and resettlement in Africa, with his goal Revolution and large-scale immigration from
being to unite the African diaspora to previous decades
‘establish a country and absolute government hostile to Jews, communists and anyone they
of their own’ identified as foreigners
1916- published ‘Negro World’ and urged
AA’s to be proud of their race and to return Marcus Garvey
to Africa 1922- he (alongside with 3 other UNIA
Black Star Line 1919- shipping company officials) were charged with mail fraud
that would establish trade and commerce involving the Black Star Line and was
between Africans in America and Africa sentenced to 5 years
Negroes Factories Association 1919- series
of companies that would manufacture a range
of goods between Africans in America
UNIA- reached 4 million members
Guinn vs US 1915 5 000 blacks conducted a silent parade in New York
grandfather clauses in the state constitutions City, carrying signs to protest against continued
of Maryland and Oklahoma were outlawed lynching’s and race riots
north- black men used their vote and there was an black veterans were not welcomed home as
increase in black newspapers conquering heroes, a fearful wave of lynching and
blacks also filled positions vacated by whites who had racist violence swept the nation
joined the army. northern whites resented the growing number of black
blacks that moved north were able to exercise the civil voters and many were furious to find their jobs taken
rights that had been denied to them in the south more by blacks when they returned from the war.
easily.
1915- 30,000 businesses in the South were owned by Red Summer Chicago Race Riot 1919
blacks when a teenage boy accidentally drifted
towards the ‘whites only’ section on Lake
Michigan beach, he was stoned and then
drowned
no whites were arrested for his death
13 days of violence followed leaving 23
black and 15 white people dead and 537
injured
