NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 | Verified
Questions and Answers with Solutions |
Updated 2025 Edition
1. Gradual onset, cells appear normal but do not function appropriately and
accumulate - ANSWER Chronic leukemia
2. Excessive production of lymphocytes - ANSWER Lymphocytic leukemia
3. Excessive production of granulocytes - ANSWER Myelogenous leukemia
4. Chromosomal abnormality that leads to production of malignant plasma
cells, cells secrete antibodies which are deposited in organs (mostly bones)
and grow malignant tumors, 3 yr life span
Vertebrae, skull, ribs and pelvis most frequently affected
CM: hypercalcemia, recurrent infections, renal failure - ANSWER Multiple
myeloma pathophysiology and CM
5. African descent
Males more common
Around 6th decade of life - ANSWER Risk factors for multiple myeloma
6. Alpha Fetoprotein Origin - ANSWER Liver and germ cell tumors
7. Carcinoembryonic Antigen - ANSWER GI, pancreas, lung, breast tumors
8. Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin origin - ANSWER germ cell tumors
9. Prostate Specific Antigen - ANSWER prostate tumors
10.Carcino- - ANSWER from epithelial tissue- renal cell carcinoma
11.Sarco- - ANSWER from connective tissue- chondrosarcoma
12.-oma - ANSWER benign tumor- lipoma
1
,13.Carcinoma in situ - ANSWER preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of
glandular or squamous cells- cervix
14.-blastoma - ANSWER from blasts or immature cells- neuroblastoma
15.Lung ca metastasis - ANSWER Multiple organs including brain
16.Colorectal ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, lungs
17.Testicular ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, lungs, brain
18.Prostate ca metastasis - ANSWER Bones (especially lumbar spine), liver
19.Breast ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, lungs, brain, bones
20.Head and neck ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, bones, lymphatics
21.Ovarian ca metastasis - ANSWER Peritoneal surfaces, diaphragm,
omentum, liver
22.Sarcoma metastasis - ANSWER Lungs
23.Melanoma metastasis - ANSWER In transit lymphatics, lung, liver, brain,
GI tract
24.Mechanisms of ca metastasis - ANSWER Local invasion, followed by
invasion of surrounding tissues. Cells then may invade blood and lymphatic
vessels. They must survive in circulation, then enter and survive in a new
location. Then the cells can multiply and form a new tumor.
25.TNM staging system - ANSWER T= tumor size >/= correlates with
metastatic ability
N= whether lymph nodes are involved
M= extra nodal involvement (liver, lungs)
26.Malignant neoplasms of cells called - ANSWER Etiology and
pathophysiology of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
2
, 27.Large painless lump/mass- usually on neck, eosinophilia, fever, weight loss,
night sweats, pruritus, adenopathy, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis,
mediastinal or abdominal mass - ANSWER CM of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
28.Possibly Epstein Barr, unknown - ANSWER Epidemiology of Hodgkin's
Lymphoma
29.Malignant transformation of lymphocytes, no Reed-Sternberg cells
Caused by immunosuppression, AIDS, Hep C, EBV, post transplantation -
ANSWER Etiology and Epidemiology of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
30.Generalized lymphadenopathy
Late stages bring fever, night sweats, weight loss - ANSWER CM of Non-
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
31.Marked by >30% lymphoblasts in blood or marrow
Most common in children
Survival rate decreases with age
CM: fever, pallor, bleeding, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, infection, joint pain,
splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, night sweats, weight loss, anemia,
thrombocytopenia, petechiae, ecchymosis - ANSWER Acute Lymphocytic
Leukemia (ALL)
32.Can use urine, saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks
post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure - ANSWER HIV EIA (3rd generation
immunoassay)
33.Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to blood
vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process. - ANSWER Mast cell
34.Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blood flow to
the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling. - ANSWER Histamine
35.Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or adaptive
resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-inflammatory or
anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more delayed. - ANSWER
Cytokines
3
Questions and Answers with Solutions |
Updated 2025 Edition
1. Gradual onset, cells appear normal but do not function appropriately and
accumulate - ANSWER Chronic leukemia
2. Excessive production of lymphocytes - ANSWER Lymphocytic leukemia
3. Excessive production of granulocytes - ANSWER Myelogenous leukemia
4. Chromosomal abnormality that leads to production of malignant plasma
cells, cells secrete antibodies which are deposited in organs (mostly bones)
and grow malignant tumors, 3 yr life span
Vertebrae, skull, ribs and pelvis most frequently affected
CM: hypercalcemia, recurrent infections, renal failure - ANSWER Multiple
myeloma pathophysiology and CM
5. African descent
Males more common
Around 6th decade of life - ANSWER Risk factors for multiple myeloma
6. Alpha Fetoprotein Origin - ANSWER Liver and germ cell tumors
7. Carcinoembryonic Antigen - ANSWER GI, pancreas, lung, breast tumors
8. Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin origin - ANSWER germ cell tumors
9. Prostate Specific Antigen - ANSWER prostate tumors
10.Carcino- - ANSWER from epithelial tissue- renal cell carcinoma
11.Sarco- - ANSWER from connective tissue- chondrosarcoma
12.-oma - ANSWER benign tumor- lipoma
1
,13.Carcinoma in situ - ANSWER preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of
glandular or squamous cells- cervix
14.-blastoma - ANSWER from blasts or immature cells- neuroblastoma
15.Lung ca metastasis - ANSWER Multiple organs including brain
16.Colorectal ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, lungs
17.Testicular ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, lungs, brain
18.Prostate ca metastasis - ANSWER Bones (especially lumbar spine), liver
19.Breast ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, lungs, brain, bones
20.Head and neck ca metastasis - ANSWER Liver, bones, lymphatics
21.Ovarian ca metastasis - ANSWER Peritoneal surfaces, diaphragm,
omentum, liver
22.Sarcoma metastasis - ANSWER Lungs
23.Melanoma metastasis - ANSWER In transit lymphatics, lung, liver, brain,
GI tract
24.Mechanisms of ca metastasis - ANSWER Local invasion, followed by
invasion of surrounding tissues. Cells then may invade blood and lymphatic
vessels. They must survive in circulation, then enter and survive in a new
location. Then the cells can multiply and form a new tumor.
25.TNM staging system - ANSWER T= tumor size >/= correlates with
metastatic ability
N= whether lymph nodes are involved
M= extra nodal involvement (liver, lungs)
26.Malignant neoplasms of cells called - ANSWER Etiology and
pathophysiology of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
2
, 27.Large painless lump/mass- usually on neck, eosinophilia, fever, weight loss,
night sweats, pruritus, adenopathy, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis,
mediastinal or abdominal mass - ANSWER CM of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
28.Possibly Epstein Barr, unknown - ANSWER Epidemiology of Hodgkin's
Lymphoma
29.Malignant transformation of lymphocytes, no Reed-Sternberg cells
Caused by immunosuppression, AIDS, Hep C, EBV, post transplantation -
ANSWER Etiology and Epidemiology of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
30.Generalized lymphadenopathy
Late stages bring fever, night sweats, weight loss - ANSWER CM of Non-
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
31.Marked by >30% lymphoblasts in blood or marrow
Most common in children
Survival rate decreases with age
CM: fever, pallor, bleeding, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, infection, joint pain,
splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, night sweats, weight loss, anemia,
thrombocytopenia, petechiae, ecchymosis - ANSWER Acute Lymphocytic
Leukemia (ALL)
32.Can use urine, saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks
post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure - ANSWER HIV EIA (3rd generation
immunoassay)
33.Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to blood
vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process. - ANSWER Mast cell
34.Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blood flow to
the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling. - ANSWER Histamine
35.Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or adaptive
resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-inflammatory or
anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more delayed. - ANSWER
Cytokines
3
