NUR2063 Exam 2 Essentials of
Pathophysiology Questions And Answers
/. What are the functions of the kidneys? - Answer-✅Regulation of blood pressure;
regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
/.What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - Answer-
✅dribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased
stream
/.What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? -
Answer-✅ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone
/.What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - Answer-✅peripheral tissue insulin
resistance
/.What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - Answer-✅Exophthalmos
(bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
/.What processes occur during fasting? - Answer-✅glucogenesis; glycogenesis
/.What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? -
Answer-✅adipose/ fat
/.What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - Answer-✅myxedema,
fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
/.What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - Answer-✅Goiter, fatigue,
weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
/.What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - Answer-✅fatigue, body
aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
/.What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - Answer-✅numbness,
tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms
/.What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - Answer-✅fruity breath,
drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
, /.What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - Answer-✅negative
feedback loop
/.What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - Answer-✅Growth
Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH,
ACTH and endorphins
/.What is diabetes insipidus? - Answer-✅a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
/.clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - Answer-✅polyuria, nocturia, continuous
thirst, and polydipsia
/.clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - Answer-✅Excessive secretion of
cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and
pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch
marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychiatric
disturbance -
Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels
/.clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism - Answer-✅Weakness. -
Fatigue. -
Cold intolerance. -
Constipation. -
Weight gain. -
Depression. -
Joint or muscle pain. -
Brittle fingernails.
/.clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism - Answer-✅fatigue. -
lethargy. -
sensitivity to cold. -
depression. -
muscle weakness.
/.clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism - Answer-✅hypertension and
hypokalemia
/.clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism - Answer-✅High blood pressure. -
Pathophysiology Questions And Answers
/. What are the functions of the kidneys? - Answer-✅Regulation of blood pressure;
regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
/.What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - Answer-
✅dribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased
stream
/.What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? -
Answer-✅ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone
/.What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - Answer-✅peripheral tissue insulin
resistance
/.What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - Answer-✅Exophthalmos
(bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
/.What processes occur during fasting? - Answer-✅glucogenesis; glycogenesis
/.What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? -
Answer-✅adipose/ fat
/.What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - Answer-✅myxedema,
fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
/.What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - Answer-✅Goiter, fatigue,
weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
/.What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - Answer-✅fatigue, body
aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
/.What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - Answer-✅numbness,
tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms
/.What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - Answer-✅fruity breath,
drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
, /.What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - Answer-✅negative
feedback loop
/.What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - Answer-✅Growth
Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH,
ACTH and endorphins
/.What is diabetes insipidus? - Answer-✅a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
/.clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - Answer-✅polyuria, nocturia, continuous
thirst, and polydipsia
/.clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - Answer-✅Excessive secretion of
cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and
pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch
marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychiatric
disturbance -
Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels
/.clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism - Answer-✅Weakness. -
Fatigue. -
Cold intolerance. -
Constipation. -
Weight gain. -
Depression. -
Joint or muscle pain. -
Brittle fingernails.
/.clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism - Answer-✅fatigue. -
lethargy. -
sensitivity to cold. -
depression. -
muscle weakness.
/.clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism - Answer-✅hypertension and
hypokalemia
/.clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism - Answer-✅High blood pressure. -
