Deep vein thrombosis Exam Solved 100% Correct

Deep vein thrombosis Exam Solved 100% Correct expected findings for DVT - Answer- -limb pain -can be asymptomatic -warmth edema induration and hardness over the blood vessel -heaviness in legs after standing if patient with DVT presents shortness of breath and chest pain that indicates what - Answer- the embolus has moved to the lung, so pulmonary embolism risk factors for DVT - Answer- -surgery or immobility -pregnancy or oral contraceptives -heart failure -ulcerative colitis -clotting disorders main complication with DVt - Answer- shortness of breath = pulmonary embolism patient education with DVT - Answer- -no vitamin k foods like green leafy veggies -soft bristled toothbrush -electric razor -weekly INR labs DVT management of care - Answer- -bed rest with elevation of extremity above heart -avoid pillows under knees -warm moist compress -no massaging or compression devices DVT and venous thrombolism diagnostics - Answer- -D dimer test -venous duplex ultrasonography -venogram what is a D-dimer test for - Answer- -measures fibrin degradation products present in the blood produced by fibrinolysis -positive test indicates that thrombus formation has possibly occurred what is a venous duplex ultrasonography test for - Answer- uses high frequency sound waves to produce a real time picture of the blood flow through a blood vessel what is a venogram for - Answer- injects dye into veins for imaging important considerations for enoxaparin - Answer- -hold if plt 100,000 -monitor for bleeding what is a venous thromboembolism VTE - Answer- -clot formed as a result of venous stasis, endothelial injury, or hypercoaguability -includes DVT AND PE can clients with VTE be asymptomatic - Answer- yes, many DVTs develop silently clinical manifestations of VTE - Answer- -calf or groin pain that is dull and aching -unilateral swelling -warmth edema and redness what should not be done for patients with an active clot - Answer- -no massaging -no compression devices surgery beneficial for VTE - Answer- -venous thrombectomy to remove clot -IVC filter management of care for venous thromboembolism - Answer- -prophylaxis treatment -administer anticoagulant meds or thrombolytics classification of meds for VTE - Answer- -anticoagulants like heparin and warfarin -thrombolytics or fibrinolytic like alteplase -prophylaxis treatment is enoxaparin enoxaparin important considerations - Answer- -hold if PLT less than 100000 -monitor for bleeding -bleeding precautions how do anticoagulants work - Answer- -do not break up existing clots -prevent new blood clots from forming and keep existing clots from growing heparin considerations - Answer- -monitoring for bleeding -bleeding precautions -antidote is protamine sulfate -hold if plt less than 100000 main lab value for heparin - Answer- aPPT considerations for warfarin - Answer- -long term PO -therapeutic effect takes 3 to 4 days -monitor PT and INR -antidote is vitamin K -monitor for bleeding how does alteplase work as a clot buster - Answer- -works best on fresh clots so need to know when it formed -give within 5 days of clot formation