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EMS 1055 Final exam Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
How to read blood pressure
Ans: Top number: systolic pressure (heart's ventricles contract)
Bottom number: diastolic pressure (heart's ventricles are relaxed)
carotid pulse
Ans: the pulse felt along the large carotid artery on either side of the neck. Blood
pressure is at least 60 systolic
femoral pulse
Ans: Pulse felt on either side of the groin; Femoral artery. blood pressure is at least 70
systolic.
brachial pulse
Ans: the pulse felt in the upper arm. (often used for infants.)
radial pulse
Ans: the pulse felt at the wrist. blood pressure is at least 80 systolic.
pedal pulse
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Ans: The pulse rate obtained on the top of the foot. blood pressure is at least 90-100
systolic
types of shock
Ans: cardiogenic, neurogenic, septic, anaphylactic, hypovelimic,
obstructive(mechanical), insulin (pseudo)
shock
Ans: lack of perfusion at the cellular level
general signs and symptoms of shock
Ans: -skin:pale, cool, diaphoretic
-anxiety
-impending doom
-altered LOC
-dilated pupils
-sustained tachycardia
-tachypnea
-decreased urine output
-thirst
-delayed capillary refill
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general treatment in shock
Ans: -high flow oxygen
-trendelenberg position
-keep warm
-load and go transport
cardiogenic shock
Ans: -most commingly caused by AMI
-other causes: Myocarditis, myocardial contusion
-"pump problem"
-decreased CO leads to hyperfusion
-heart begins to fail
cardiogenic shock treatment
Ans: -standard shock treatment applies
-patient may not tolerate supine or trendelenberg position
-transport to cardiac facility critical
neurogenic shock
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Ans: Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the
blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries.
-caused by-
-spinal cord injury above T6
-spinal anesthesia
-vasomotor center depression
-may take hours to appear
*symptoms*
-skin warm and dry
-bradycardia
-poikilothermia
septic shock
Ans: Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection.
-distributive type of shock
-due to infection that becomes systemic
-very common in icu setting
-patients often febrile
-antibiotics are needed to treat infection
-more gradual onset starting with SIRS
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
EMS 1055 Final exam Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
How to read blood pressure
Ans: Top number: systolic pressure (heart's ventricles contract)
Bottom number: diastolic pressure (heart's ventricles are relaxed)
carotid pulse
Ans: the pulse felt along the large carotid artery on either side of the neck. Blood
pressure is at least 60 systolic
femoral pulse
Ans: Pulse felt on either side of the groin; Femoral artery. blood pressure is at least 70
systolic.
brachial pulse
Ans: the pulse felt in the upper arm. (often used for infants.)
radial pulse
Ans: the pulse felt at the wrist. blood pressure is at least 80 systolic.
pedal pulse
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Ans: The pulse rate obtained on the top of the foot. blood pressure is at least 90-100
systolic
types of shock
Ans: cardiogenic, neurogenic, septic, anaphylactic, hypovelimic,
obstructive(mechanical), insulin (pseudo)
shock
Ans: lack of perfusion at the cellular level
general signs and symptoms of shock
Ans: -skin:pale, cool, diaphoretic
-anxiety
-impending doom
-altered LOC
-dilated pupils
-sustained tachycardia
-tachypnea
-decreased urine output
-thirst
-delayed capillary refill
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Click here for more: Scholars nexus
general treatment in shock
Ans: -high flow oxygen
-trendelenberg position
-keep warm
-load and go transport
cardiogenic shock
Ans: -most commingly caused by AMI
-other causes: Myocarditis, myocardial contusion
-"pump problem"
-decreased CO leads to hyperfusion
-heart begins to fail
cardiogenic shock treatment
Ans: -standard shock treatment applies
-patient may not tolerate supine or trendelenberg position
-transport to cardiac facility critical
neurogenic shock
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Ans: Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the
blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries.
-caused by-
-spinal cord injury above T6
-spinal anesthesia
-vasomotor center depression
-may take hours to appear
*symptoms*
-skin warm and dry
-bradycardia
-poikilothermia
septic shock
Ans: Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection.
-distributive type of shock
-due to infection that becomes systemic
-very common in icu setting
-patients often febrile
-antibiotics are needed to treat infection
-more gradual onset starting with SIRS
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
