BYU CELL 220 EXAM 1 NEWEST 2025/2026
BANK CURRENTLY TESTING COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+
structure of long bones - ....ANSWER...compact bone,
spongy bone, diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis, epiphyseal
plate or line, apophysis, articular cartilage, medullary
cavity, endosteum, periosteum
bone and nerve supply - ....ANSWER...bone richly
vascularized and innervated; nutrient blood vessels and
nerves enter through nutrient foramina
structure of flat bones - ....ANSWER...Spongy bone layer
sandwiched between two compact bone layers
Diploe—spongy bone layer of a flat bone
articulations - ....ANSWER...two bone surfaces come
together; head and condyles
,projections - ....ANSWER...bone region that extends above
the bone surface; tubercle, tuberosity, trochanters, crests
depressions - ....ANSWER...bone region that is lower than
the surrounding bone surface; fossa
openings - ....ANSWER...passageways or hole in bone;
foramina, canals, fissures
structure of compact bone - ....ANSWER...osteon, lamellae,
central canal, lacunae, canaliculi, perforating canals
structure of spongy bone - ....ANSWER...Trabeculae,
lamellae, osteocytes within lacunae, canaliculi, endosteum
Ossification (osteogenesis) - ....ANSWER...formation of bone
intramembranous ossification - ....ANSWER...process by
which bone forms directly from mesenchymal tissue; flat
bones of skull, some facial bones, mandible, clavicle
,endochondral ossification - ....ANSWER...process in which
bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage; turns fetal
framework of hyaline cartilage into bone; formation of
most bones
interstitial bone growth - ....ANSWER...growth in length
appositional growth - ....ANSWER...growth in width
osteomalacia (rickets) - ....ANSWER...lack of mineralization
of bone results in low bone density; caused by vitamin D or
calcium deficiency; rickets is the one for children;
soft/weak bones, bowed legs
Osteoporosis - ....ANSWER...excessive bone resorption;
aged and post menopause
fontanelles - ....ANSWER...soft spots normally present on
the skull of a newborn; anterior, sphenoid, posterior,
mastoid
, characteristics of paranasal sinuses - ....ANSWER...make
skull lighter, resonate sound, lined with mucous
membranes, mucus that drains into nasal cavity warms
and humidifies air
scoliosis - ....ANSWER...abnormal lateral curvature of the
spine
weight bearing structures of spine - ....ANSWER...vertebral
body + intervertebral discs
herniated disc - ....ANSWER...protrusion of a fragmented
intervertebral disc in the intervertebral foramen with
potential compression of a nerve
pectoral girdle - ....ANSWER...clavicle and scapula; bones
light and thin; connects to axial skeleton at sternoclavicular
joint
pelvic girdle - ....ANSWER...connects to the axial skeleton at
the sacroiliac joint
BANK CURRENTLY TESTING COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+
structure of long bones - ....ANSWER...compact bone,
spongy bone, diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis, epiphyseal
plate or line, apophysis, articular cartilage, medullary
cavity, endosteum, periosteum
bone and nerve supply - ....ANSWER...bone richly
vascularized and innervated; nutrient blood vessels and
nerves enter through nutrient foramina
structure of flat bones - ....ANSWER...Spongy bone layer
sandwiched between two compact bone layers
Diploe—spongy bone layer of a flat bone
articulations - ....ANSWER...two bone surfaces come
together; head and condyles
,projections - ....ANSWER...bone region that extends above
the bone surface; tubercle, tuberosity, trochanters, crests
depressions - ....ANSWER...bone region that is lower than
the surrounding bone surface; fossa
openings - ....ANSWER...passageways or hole in bone;
foramina, canals, fissures
structure of compact bone - ....ANSWER...osteon, lamellae,
central canal, lacunae, canaliculi, perforating canals
structure of spongy bone - ....ANSWER...Trabeculae,
lamellae, osteocytes within lacunae, canaliculi, endosteum
Ossification (osteogenesis) - ....ANSWER...formation of bone
intramembranous ossification - ....ANSWER...process by
which bone forms directly from mesenchymal tissue; flat
bones of skull, some facial bones, mandible, clavicle
,endochondral ossification - ....ANSWER...process in which
bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage; turns fetal
framework of hyaline cartilage into bone; formation of
most bones
interstitial bone growth - ....ANSWER...growth in length
appositional growth - ....ANSWER...growth in width
osteomalacia (rickets) - ....ANSWER...lack of mineralization
of bone results in low bone density; caused by vitamin D or
calcium deficiency; rickets is the one for children;
soft/weak bones, bowed legs
Osteoporosis - ....ANSWER...excessive bone resorption;
aged and post menopause
fontanelles - ....ANSWER...soft spots normally present on
the skull of a newborn; anterior, sphenoid, posterior,
mastoid
, characteristics of paranasal sinuses - ....ANSWER...make
skull lighter, resonate sound, lined with mucous
membranes, mucus that drains into nasal cavity warms
and humidifies air
scoliosis - ....ANSWER...abnormal lateral curvature of the
spine
weight bearing structures of spine - ....ANSWER...vertebral
body + intervertebral discs
herniated disc - ....ANSWER...protrusion of a fragmented
intervertebral disc in the intervertebral foramen with
potential compression of a nerve
pectoral girdle - ....ANSWER...clavicle and scapula; bones
light and thin; connects to axial skeleton at sternoclavicular
joint
pelvic girdle - ....ANSWER...connects to the axial skeleton at
the sacroiliac joint
