Anatomy and Physiology 1 (exam 1) Questions
and Answers
anatomy - ✅✅studies the structure of the body parts and their relationship to
one another
physiology - ✅✅studies the function of the body (how the body parts work and
carry out their life sustaining activities)
gross or macroscopic anatomy - ✅✅study the anatomical structures that can
be see at naked eye
-lungs, kidney, heart
regional anatomy - ✅✅all structures in a particular region of the body are
studied together
systematic anatomy - ✅✅the body structure is studied system by system
surface anatomy - ✅✅study the internal structures as they relate to the
overlying skin surface
microscopic anatomy - ✅✅study the internal structures that cannot be seen at
naked eye
-cells, tissues
cytology - ✅✅study the cells of the body
,histology - ✅✅study the tissues of the body
developmental anatomy - ✅✅traces the structural changes that occur during
the lifespan
embryology - ✅✅study the developmental changes that occur before birth
renal physiology - ✅✅kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
neurophysiology - ✅✅brain, nerves, spinal cord
cardiovascular physiology - ✅✅heart, blood vessels, blood
maintain boundaries: plasma membrane - ✅✅selectively restricts the diffusion
of solutes into the cell
intracellular - ✅✅in the cell
extracellular - ✅✅out the cell
-blood plasma, interstitial
maintaining boundaries: skin - ✅✅maintaining internal humidity, protection
against infections, heat, and chemicals
, movement - ✅✅uses the capacity of the muscular cells to constrict and the
skeletal system to provide support
responsiveness - ✅✅capacity of the organisms to sense changes on the
environment(stimulus) and respond to them (nervous and excitable cells)
digestion - ✅✅-performed by the digestive system
-breaking down the food indigested into simpler compounds the can be absorbed
and transported by the blood
metabolism - ✅✅chemical reactions that occur within the cell
catabolism - ✅✅breaking down substances into simpler chemical compounds
anabolism - ✅✅synthesizing more complex substances, including energy-
reaching molecules(ATP) from simpler chemical compounds
excretion - ✅✅removing waster(excreta) from the body
-digestive system= food residues(feces)
-urinary system= nitrogen wastes(urine)
-respiratory and cardiovascular= CO2
reproduction - ✅✅-cellular: cell division(mitosis and meiosis)
-organism: performed by the reproductive system; feminine and masculine.
Egg(ova) fertilization by the sperm
and Answers
anatomy - ✅✅studies the structure of the body parts and their relationship to
one another
physiology - ✅✅studies the function of the body (how the body parts work and
carry out their life sustaining activities)
gross or macroscopic anatomy - ✅✅study the anatomical structures that can
be see at naked eye
-lungs, kidney, heart
regional anatomy - ✅✅all structures in a particular region of the body are
studied together
systematic anatomy - ✅✅the body structure is studied system by system
surface anatomy - ✅✅study the internal structures as they relate to the
overlying skin surface
microscopic anatomy - ✅✅study the internal structures that cannot be seen at
naked eye
-cells, tissues
cytology - ✅✅study the cells of the body
,histology - ✅✅study the tissues of the body
developmental anatomy - ✅✅traces the structural changes that occur during
the lifespan
embryology - ✅✅study the developmental changes that occur before birth
renal physiology - ✅✅kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
neurophysiology - ✅✅brain, nerves, spinal cord
cardiovascular physiology - ✅✅heart, blood vessels, blood
maintain boundaries: plasma membrane - ✅✅selectively restricts the diffusion
of solutes into the cell
intracellular - ✅✅in the cell
extracellular - ✅✅out the cell
-blood plasma, interstitial
maintaining boundaries: skin - ✅✅maintaining internal humidity, protection
against infections, heat, and chemicals
, movement - ✅✅uses the capacity of the muscular cells to constrict and the
skeletal system to provide support
responsiveness - ✅✅capacity of the organisms to sense changes on the
environment(stimulus) and respond to them (nervous and excitable cells)
digestion - ✅✅-performed by the digestive system
-breaking down the food indigested into simpler compounds the can be absorbed
and transported by the blood
metabolism - ✅✅chemical reactions that occur within the cell
catabolism - ✅✅breaking down substances into simpler chemical compounds
anabolism - ✅✅synthesizing more complex substances, including energy-
reaching molecules(ATP) from simpler chemical compounds
excretion - ✅✅removing waster(excreta) from the body
-digestive system= food residues(feces)
-urinary system= nitrogen wastes(urine)
-respiratory and cardiovascular= CO2
reproduction - ✅✅-cellular: cell division(mitosis and meiosis)
-organism: performed by the reproductive system; feminine and masculine.
Egg(ova) fertilization by the sperm
