Tom Holder BIO II Exam #2 Questions with Correct Answers Latest 2025
Flowering plants are known as what? - Answers Angiosperms
What phylum are angiosperms found in? - Answers Phylum Anthophyta
Plants grow until they die, so they never stop growing. What term is used to describe that
process? - Answers Indeterminate
What is the term that is used to refer to the alternation between diploid and haploid body plans?
- Answers Alternation of Generations
Are sporophytes microscopic or macroscopic? - Answers macroscopic
True or False:
Sporophytes produce fruits and flowers. - Answers True
Do sporophytes produce spores or gametes? - Answers spores
What are the five characteristics of sporophytes? - Answers 1. macroscopic
2. dominant part of the life of a plant
3. produces flowers and fruits
4. spore producing
5. has meiospores
Are gametophytes microscopic or macroscopic? - Answers microscopic
True or False:
Gametophytes do not produce pollen or embryonic sac. Instead, they produce flowers and fruits.
- Answers False
What are the five characteristics of gametophytes? - Answers 1. microscopic
2. has 2-7 cells
3. produces pollen and embryonic sac
4. gamete producing
5. has embryo sac
What is the term that refers to the restoration of chromosome number and the changing of
generation? - Answers syngamy
,What is the term that refers to the reduction of chromosome number and the changing of
generation? - Answers meiosis
What is the number that meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by? - Answers a half
True or False:
The goal of the Alteration of Generations is to get to a gametophyte. - Answers False; it is to get
to the sporophyte
What are the three plant organs? - Answers 1. roots
2. stems
3. leaves
What is the development of a plant due to? - Answers mitosis and cytokinesis
What organs of a plant make up the "shoot?" - Answers stems and leaves
What is the term that refers to the elongation of plant organs? - Answers primary growth
Where does primary growth occur in a plant? - Answers it occurs in the roots, stems, and leaves
of ALL plants
Which primary tissue is used as the conductive tissue for water and minerals and makes a plant
vascular? - Answers primary xylem
Which primary tissue is used as the conductive tissue for food and solutes and makes a plant
vascular? - Answers primary phloem
Which primary tissue is used as the outermost tissue used for protection? - Answers epidermis
tissue
Which primary tissue is used for storage and is part of the pith and cortex, and is also the most
abundant primary tissue? - Answers parenchyma
Which primary tissue is used for protection of growing plant organs and support for cortex? -
Answers collenchyma
Which primary tissue is used for protection of growing plant organs and support for cortex, but
is non elongating? - Answers sclerenchyma
What is the term that refers to the expansion of plant organs? - Answers secondary growth
Where does secondary growth occur? - Answers roots and stems
True or False:
, Like primary growth, secondary growth occurs in all plants. - Answers false
What are the two major groups of angiosperms? - Answers monocots and dicots
True or False:
Monocots feature only primary growth. - Answers True
True or False:
There are more species of monocots than dicots. - Answers False
Which type of growth (primary or secondary) produces the "woody tissue" of a plant? - Answers
secondary
Which group of angiosperms makes up the major portion of angiosperms? - Answers dicots
True or False:
Dicots all have primary growth, and most exhibit secondary growth. - Answers true
What are located at the tips of roots and shoots? - Answers meristem
What term is used to refer to the "cell factory" in which cells are constantly undergoing division?
- Answers meristem
What are the two types of Apical Meristem? - Answers 1. RAM (root apical meristem)
2. SAM (shoot apical meristem)
True or False:
Both RAM and SAM exhibit primary growth. - Answers True
What is the term that is used to refer to the "rings" of cells in stems or roots? - Answers lateral
meristem
Do lateral meristems exhibit secondary growth? - Answers yes
Where are roots mostly located at? - Answers underground
What are the 3 functions of roots? - Answers 1. anchorage
2. storage
3. absorption of water/minerals from soil
Do roots exhibit primary or secondary growth? - Answers both
What are the four regions of root? - Answers 1. region of maturation
Flowering plants are known as what? - Answers Angiosperms
What phylum are angiosperms found in? - Answers Phylum Anthophyta
Plants grow until they die, so they never stop growing. What term is used to describe that
process? - Answers Indeterminate
What is the term that is used to refer to the alternation between diploid and haploid body plans?
- Answers Alternation of Generations
Are sporophytes microscopic or macroscopic? - Answers macroscopic
True or False:
Sporophytes produce fruits and flowers. - Answers True
Do sporophytes produce spores or gametes? - Answers spores
What are the five characteristics of sporophytes? - Answers 1. macroscopic
2. dominant part of the life of a plant
3. produces flowers and fruits
4. spore producing
5. has meiospores
Are gametophytes microscopic or macroscopic? - Answers microscopic
True or False:
Gametophytes do not produce pollen or embryonic sac. Instead, they produce flowers and fruits.
- Answers False
What are the five characteristics of gametophytes? - Answers 1. microscopic
2. has 2-7 cells
3. produces pollen and embryonic sac
4. gamete producing
5. has embryo sac
What is the term that refers to the restoration of chromosome number and the changing of
generation? - Answers syngamy
,What is the term that refers to the reduction of chromosome number and the changing of
generation? - Answers meiosis
What is the number that meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by? - Answers a half
True or False:
The goal of the Alteration of Generations is to get to a gametophyte. - Answers False; it is to get
to the sporophyte
What are the three plant organs? - Answers 1. roots
2. stems
3. leaves
What is the development of a plant due to? - Answers mitosis and cytokinesis
What organs of a plant make up the "shoot?" - Answers stems and leaves
What is the term that refers to the elongation of plant organs? - Answers primary growth
Where does primary growth occur in a plant? - Answers it occurs in the roots, stems, and leaves
of ALL plants
Which primary tissue is used as the conductive tissue for water and minerals and makes a plant
vascular? - Answers primary xylem
Which primary tissue is used as the conductive tissue for food and solutes and makes a plant
vascular? - Answers primary phloem
Which primary tissue is used as the outermost tissue used for protection? - Answers epidermis
tissue
Which primary tissue is used for storage and is part of the pith and cortex, and is also the most
abundant primary tissue? - Answers parenchyma
Which primary tissue is used for protection of growing plant organs and support for cortex? -
Answers collenchyma
Which primary tissue is used for protection of growing plant organs and support for cortex, but
is non elongating? - Answers sclerenchyma
What is the term that refers to the expansion of plant organs? - Answers secondary growth
Where does secondary growth occur? - Answers roots and stems
True or False:
, Like primary growth, secondary growth occurs in all plants. - Answers false
What are the two major groups of angiosperms? - Answers monocots and dicots
True or False:
Monocots feature only primary growth. - Answers True
True or False:
There are more species of monocots than dicots. - Answers False
Which type of growth (primary or secondary) produces the "woody tissue" of a plant? - Answers
secondary
Which group of angiosperms makes up the major portion of angiosperms? - Answers dicots
True or False:
Dicots all have primary growth, and most exhibit secondary growth. - Answers true
What are located at the tips of roots and shoots? - Answers meristem
What term is used to refer to the "cell factory" in which cells are constantly undergoing division?
- Answers meristem
What are the two types of Apical Meristem? - Answers 1. RAM (root apical meristem)
2. SAM (shoot apical meristem)
True or False:
Both RAM and SAM exhibit primary growth. - Answers True
What is the term that is used to refer to the "rings" of cells in stems or roots? - Answers lateral
meristem
Do lateral meristems exhibit secondary growth? - Answers yes
Where are roots mostly located at? - Answers underground
What are the 3 functions of roots? - Answers 1. anchorage
2. storage
3. absorption of water/minerals from soil
Do roots exhibit primary or secondary growth? - Answers both
What are the four regions of root? - Answers 1. region of maturation
