Test bank for Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry an
| | | | | | | |
Molecular Diagnostics,
| | |
8th Edition by Nader Rifai, PhD
| | | | | |
Chapters 1 - 49
| | | |
,Tietz |Fundamentals |of |Clinical |Chemistry |and |Molecular |Diagnostics |8th | Edition |Test |Bank
Table |of |contents:
I. |Principles |Of |Laboratory |Medicine
Chapter |1. |Clinical |Chemistry, |Molecular |Diagnostics, |and |Laboratory |Medicine
Chapter |2. |Selection |and |Analytical |Evaluation |of |Methods |— |With |Statistical |Techniques
Chapter |3. |Clinical |Evaluation |of |Methods
Chapter |4. |Evidence-Based |Laboratory |Medicine
Chapter |5. |Establishment |and |Use |of |Reference |Values
Chapter |6. |Specimen |Collection, |Processing, |and |Other |Preanalytical |Variables
Chapter |7. |Quality |Management
II. |Analytical |Techniques |And |Instrumentation
Chapter |8. |Principles |of |Basic |Techniques |and |Laboratory |Safety
Chapter |9. |Optical |Techniques
Chapter |10. |Electrochemistry |and |Chemical |Sensors
Chapter |11. |Electrophoresis
Chapter |12. |Chromatography
Chapter |13. |Mass |Spectrometry
Chapter |14. |Enzyme |and |Rate |Analyses
Chapter |15. |Immunochemical |Techniques
Chapter |16 |Automation
Chapter |17. |Point-of-Care |Instrumentation
III. | Analytes
Chapter |18. |Amino |Acids, |Peptides, |and |Proteins
Chapter |19. |Serum |Enzymes
Chapter |20. |Tumor |Markers |and |Cancer |Genes
Chapter |21. |Kidney |Function |Tests |— |Creatinine, |GFR, |Urea, |and |Uric |Acid
Chapter |22. |Carbohydrates
Chapter |23. |Lipids, |Lipoproteins, |Apolipoproteins, |and |Other |Cardiac |Risk |Factors
Chapter |24. |Electrolytes |and |Blood |Gases
Chapter |25. |Hormones
Chapter |26. | Catecholamines |and |Serotonin
Chapter |27. | Vitamins, |Trace |Elements, |Nutritional |Assessment
Chapter |28. |Hemoglobin, |Iron, |and |Bilirubin
Chapter |29. |Porphyrins |and |Porphyrias
Chapter |30. |Therapeutic |Drugs |and |Their |Management
Chapter |31. |Clinical |Toxicology
Chapter |32. | Toxic |Metals
IV. | Pathophysiology
Chapter |33. |Diabetes
,Chapter |34. | Cardiovascular |Disease
Chapter |35. |Kidney |Disease
Chapter |36. | Physiology |and |Disorders |of |Water, |Electrolyte, |and |Acid-Base |Metabolism
Chapter |37. | |Liver |Disease
Chapter |38. | Gastrointestinal |and |Pancreatic |Diseases
Chapter |39. | |Disorders |of |Bone |and |Mineral |Metabolism
Chapter |40. | |Disorders |of |the |Pituitary |Gland
Chapter |41. | Disorders |of |the |Adrenal |Cortex
Chapter |42. | Thyroid |Disorders
Chapter |43. | Reproduction-Related |Disorders
Chapter |44. | |Pregnancy |and |Prenatal |Testing
Chapter |45. | Newborn |Screening |and |Inborn |Errors |of |Metabolism
Chapter |46. |Pharmacogenetics
V. | Molecular |Diagnostics
Chapter |47. |Principles |of |Molecular |Biology
Chapter |48. |Nucleic |Acid |Techniques |and |Applications
Chapter |49. |Genomes |and |Nucleic |Acid |Alterations
, Chapter |01: |Clinical |Chemistry, |Molecular |Diagnostics, |and |Laboratory |Medicine |Test
|Bank
MULTIPLE |CHOICE
1. An |individual |working |in |a |clinical |chemistry |laboratory |is |married |to |a |sales |representative
|who |works |for |a |company |that |sells |chemistry |laboratory |supplies. |When |the |laboratory
|manager |requests |a |list |of |needed |supplies, |cost |of |supplies, |and |vendors, |this |individual |only
|recommends |the |spouse’s |company |as |the |vendor. |This |is |considered |to |be |a(n):
a. accounting |issue.
b. possible |conflict |of |interest.
c. maintenance |of |confidentiality |issue.
d. problem |with |resource |allocation.
ANS: | B
Concern |has |been |raised |over |the |interrelationships |between |practitioners |in |the |medical |field
|and |commercial |suppliers |of |drugs, |devices, |equipment, |etc., |to |the |medical | profession.
Similarly, |relationships |have |been |scrutinized |between |clinical |laboratorians |and |manufacturers
|and |providers |of |diagnostic |equipment |and |supplies. |These |concerns |led |the |National |Institutes
|of |Health |(NIH) |in |1995 |to |require |official |institutional |review |of |financial |disclosure |by
|researchers |and |management |of |situations |in |which |disclosure |indicates |potential|conflicts |of
|interest.
DIF: 1 REF: | | |Page |4-5 OBJ: | 6 || |7
2. A |patient |visits |her |physician |stating |that |her |prescribed |painkiller |is |not |working |to |reduce
| the |pain |following |her |recent |surgery. |A |friend |of |the |patient |claims |that |the |same |painkiller
|“worked |wonders” |to |reduce |her |pain |after |the |same |surgery. |The |physician |states |that |the
|difference |in |the |effect |of |the |drug |might |be |caused |by , |which |is |studied |in
|pharmacogenetics.
a. epidemiology
b. an |inherited |disease
c. a |conflict |of |interest
d. a |genetic |variation |in |drug-metabolizing |enzymes
ANS: | D
Pharmacogenetics |is |the |study |of |the |genetic |variation |of |drug |metabolism |between
|individuals.
DIF: 1 REF: | | |Page |3 OBJ: | 1
3. John |works |in |a |molecular |diagnostics |laboratory |and |receives |a |blood |sample |that |has |the
|name |of |a |close |friend |printed |on |the |bar-coded |label. |The |genetic |test |that |is |ordered |on |the
friend’s |sample |would |provide |diagnostic |information |about |a |disorder |that |has |a |poor
|
|prognosis, |and |the |test |is |usually |performed |by |John. |He |asks |a |fellow |employee |to |analyze
|the |sample |for |him |and |not |divulge |the |results. |This |ethical |issue |concerns:
a. confidentiality |of |patient |genetic |and |medical |information.
b. a |conflict |of |interest.
c. resource |allocation.
d. diagnostic |accuracy.
| | | | | | | |
Molecular Diagnostics,
| | |
8th Edition by Nader Rifai, PhD
| | | | | |
Chapters 1 - 49
| | | |
,Tietz |Fundamentals |of |Clinical |Chemistry |and |Molecular |Diagnostics |8th | Edition |Test |Bank
Table |of |contents:
I. |Principles |Of |Laboratory |Medicine
Chapter |1. |Clinical |Chemistry, |Molecular |Diagnostics, |and |Laboratory |Medicine
Chapter |2. |Selection |and |Analytical |Evaluation |of |Methods |— |With |Statistical |Techniques
Chapter |3. |Clinical |Evaluation |of |Methods
Chapter |4. |Evidence-Based |Laboratory |Medicine
Chapter |5. |Establishment |and |Use |of |Reference |Values
Chapter |6. |Specimen |Collection, |Processing, |and |Other |Preanalytical |Variables
Chapter |7. |Quality |Management
II. |Analytical |Techniques |And |Instrumentation
Chapter |8. |Principles |of |Basic |Techniques |and |Laboratory |Safety
Chapter |9. |Optical |Techniques
Chapter |10. |Electrochemistry |and |Chemical |Sensors
Chapter |11. |Electrophoresis
Chapter |12. |Chromatography
Chapter |13. |Mass |Spectrometry
Chapter |14. |Enzyme |and |Rate |Analyses
Chapter |15. |Immunochemical |Techniques
Chapter |16 |Automation
Chapter |17. |Point-of-Care |Instrumentation
III. | Analytes
Chapter |18. |Amino |Acids, |Peptides, |and |Proteins
Chapter |19. |Serum |Enzymes
Chapter |20. |Tumor |Markers |and |Cancer |Genes
Chapter |21. |Kidney |Function |Tests |— |Creatinine, |GFR, |Urea, |and |Uric |Acid
Chapter |22. |Carbohydrates
Chapter |23. |Lipids, |Lipoproteins, |Apolipoproteins, |and |Other |Cardiac |Risk |Factors
Chapter |24. |Electrolytes |and |Blood |Gases
Chapter |25. |Hormones
Chapter |26. | Catecholamines |and |Serotonin
Chapter |27. | Vitamins, |Trace |Elements, |Nutritional |Assessment
Chapter |28. |Hemoglobin, |Iron, |and |Bilirubin
Chapter |29. |Porphyrins |and |Porphyrias
Chapter |30. |Therapeutic |Drugs |and |Their |Management
Chapter |31. |Clinical |Toxicology
Chapter |32. | Toxic |Metals
IV. | Pathophysiology
Chapter |33. |Diabetes
,Chapter |34. | Cardiovascular |Disease
Chapter |35. |Kidney |Disease
Chapter |36. | Physiology |and |Disorders |of |Water, |Electrolyte, |and |Acid-Base |Metabolism
Chapter |37. | |Liver |Disease
Chapter |38. | Gastrointestinal |and |Pancreatic |Diseases
Chapter |39. | |Disorders |of |Bone |and |Mineral |Metabolism
Chapter |40. | |Disorders |of |the |Pituitary |Gland
Chapter |41. | Disorders |of |the |Adrenal |Cortex
Chapter |42. | Thyroid |Disorders
Chapter |43. | Reproduction-Related |Disorders
Chapter |44. | |Pregnancy |and |Prenatal |Testing
Chapter |45. | Newborn |Screening |and |Inborn |Errors |of |Metabolism
Chapter |46. |Pharmacogenetics
V. | Molecular |Diagnostics
Chapter |47. |Principles |of |Molecular |Biology
Chapter |48. |Nucleic |Acid |Techniques |and |Applications
Chapter |49. |Genomes |and |Nucleic |Acid |Alterations
, Chapter |01: |Clinical |Chemistry, |Molecular |Diagnostics, |and |Laboratory |Medicine |Test
|Bank
MULTIPLE |CHOICE
1. An |individual |working |in |a |clinical |chemistry |laboratory |is |married |to |a |sales |representative
|who |works |for |a |company |that |sells |chemistry |laboratory |supplies. |When |the |laboratory
|manager |requests |a |list |of |needed |supplies, |cost |of |supplies, |and |vendors, |this |individual |only
|recommends |the |spouse’s |company |as |the |vendor. |This |is |considered |to |be |a(n):
a. accounting |issue.
b. possible |conflict |of |interest.
c. maintenance |of |confidentiality |issue.
d. problem |with |resource |allocation.
ANS: | B
Concern |has |been |raised |over |the |interrelationships |between |practitioners |in |the |medical |field
|and |commercial |suppliers |of |drugs, |devices, |equipment, |etc., |to |the |medical | profession.
Similarly, |relationships |have |been |scrutinized |between |clinical |laboratorians |and |manufacturers
|and |providers |of |diagnostic |equipment |and |supplies. |These |concerns |led |the |National |Institutes
|of |Health |(NIH) |in |1995 |to |require |official |institutional |review |of |financial |disclosure |by
|researchers |and |management |of |situations |in |which |disclosure |indicates |potential|conflicts |of
|interest.
DIF: 1 REF: | | |Page |4-5 OBJ: | 6 || |7
2. A |patient |visits |her |physician |stating |that |her |prescribed |painkiller |is |not |working |to |reduce
| the |pain |following |her |recent |surgery. |A |friend |of |the |patient |claims |that |the |same |painkiller
|“worked |wonders” |to |reduce |her |pain |after |the |same |surgery. |The |physician |states |that |the
|difference |in |the |effect |of |the |drug |might |be |caused |by , |which |is |studied |in
|pharmacogenetics.
a. epidemiology
b. an |inherited |disease
c. a |conflict |of |interest
d. a |genetic |variation |in |drug-metabolizing |enzymes
ANS: | D
Pharmacogenetics |is |the |study |of |the |genetic |variation |of |drug |metabolism |between
|individuals.
DIF: 1 REF: | | |Page |3 OBJ: | 1
3. John |works |in |a |molecular |diagnostics |laboratory |and |receives |a |blood |sample |that |has |the
|name |of |a |close |friend |printed |on |the |bar-coded |label. |The |genetic |test |that |is |ordered |on |the
friend’s |sample |would |provide |diagnostic |information |about |a |disorder |that |has |a |poor
|
|prognosis, |and |the |test |is |usually |performed |by |John. |He |asks |a |fellow |employee |to |analyze
|the |sample |for |him |and |not |divulge |the |results. |This |ethical |issue |concerns:
a. confidentiality |of |patient |genetic |and |medical |information.
b. a |conflict |of |interest.
c. resource |allocation.
d. diagnostic |accuracy.
