Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Exam 3- Nurs 617 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Functions of the nervous system (4)
Ans: - Detecting, analyzing and transmitting information
o Provides foundation for intelligence, anticipation, and judgment
o Controls skeletal muscle movement
o Helps to regulate cardiac and visceral smooth activity
Definition of Neurons
Ans: functional cells that conduct impulses to other nerve cells, muscles, or gland cells
Three parts of a neuron
Ans: cell body, dendrites, axon
What does the cell body do?
Ans: - Soma- nucleus- DNA and genetic codes
- Cell activity
- Metabolic activities
What do dendrites do?
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Ans: conduct info to cell body
§ Extension of cell body that brings info into the cell body
What does the axon do?
Ans: Long projections from the cell body (normally only one) that pass nerve impulses
Function of neuroglial cells
Ans: - provide protection, regulate blood flow and metabolic support for the neurons
o Form the myelin sheath from oligodendrocytes and Schwan cells
§ Helps with the transmission of electrical impulses along the nerve cells
Neuroglial cells of the central nervous system
Ans: oligodendrocytes
Neuroglial cells of the peripheral nervous system
Ans: Satellite
What do astrocytes do?
Ans: help to form the blood-brain barrier, which prevents the entrance of toxic
materials from the blood to the brain
Major fuel source for the brain?
Ans: Glucose
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Afferent
Ans: sensory- transmit information to the CNS
Efferent
Ans: Motor carry information away from the CNS
Retrograde
Ans: axon to cell body
Anterograde
Ans: cell body to axon
Resting membrane potential
Ans: polarized (no electrical activity occurs = -70 mV)
§ Positive outside/ negative inside
Depolarization
Ans: sodium channels open- generate electrical impulse= +30 mV)
§ Negative outside/ positive inside
Repolarization
Ans: permeable to potassium- exit of K-return to resting membrane potential)
- Na close and K open
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Absolute refractory
Ans: The minimum length of time after an action potential during which another
action potential cannot begin.
relative refractory period
Ans: a stronger than usual stimulus is necessary to initiate an action potential
electrical synaptic transmission
Ans: gap junctions- action potentials move rapidlY
Pathway of chemical synaptic transmission
Ans: presynaptic release of chemical messenger (neurotransmitters) -> placed in
vesicle within the synaptic cleft-> postsynaptic structures -> neurotransmitter removal
Two amino acid neurotransmitters
Ans: Glutamate and GABA
Function of GABA
Ans: main inhibitory messenger (vision/motor/anxiety)
function of glutamate
Ans: -Most plentiful
- controls cognitive function- memory/learning
Excessive glutamate leads to what disorders?
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
Exam 3- Nurs 617 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Functions of the nervous system (4)
Ans: - Detecting, analyzing and transmitting information
o Provides foundation for intelligence, anticipation, and judgment
o Controls skeletal muscle movement
o Helps to regulate cardiac and visceral smooth activity
Definition of Neurons
Ans: functional cells that conduct impulses to other nerve cells, muscles, or gland cells
Three parts of a neuron
Ans: cell body, dendrites, axon
What does the cell body do?
Ans: - Soma- nucleus- DNA and genetic codes
- Cell activity
- Metabolic activities
What do dendrites do?
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Ans: conduct info to cell body
§ Extension of cell body that brings info into the cell body
What does the axon do?
Ans: Long projections from the cell body (normally only one) that pass nerve impulses
Function of neuroglial cells
Ans: - provide protection, regulate blood flow and metabolic support for the neurons
o Form the myelin sheath from oligodendrocytes and Schwan cells
§ Helps with the transmission of electrical impulses along the nerve cells
Neuroglial cells of the central nervous system
Ans: oligodendrocytes
Neuroglial cells of the peripheral nervous system
Ans: Satellite
What do astrocytes do?
Ans: help to form the blood-brain barrier, which prevents the entrance of toxic
materials from the blood to the brain
Major fuel source for the brain?
Ans: Glucose
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Afferent
Ans: sensory- transmit information to the CNS
Efferent
Ans: Motor carry information away from the CNS
Retrograde
Ans: axon to cell body
Anterograde
Ans: cell body to axon
Resting membrane potential
Ans: polarized (no electrical activity occurs = -70 mV)
§ Positive outside/ negative inside
Depolarization
Ans: sodium channels open- generate electrical impulse= +30 mV)
§ Negative outside/ positive inside
Repolarization
Ans: permeable to potassium- exit of K-return to resting membrane potential)
- Na close and K open
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
, Click here for more: Scholars nexus
Absolute refractory
Ans: The minimum length of time after an action potential during which another
action potential cannot begin.
relative refractory period
Ans: a stronger than usual stimulus is necessary to initiate an action potential
electrical synaptic transmission
Ans: gap junctions- action potentials move rapidlY
Pathway of chemical synaptic transmission
Ans: presynaptic release of chemical messenger (neurotransmitters) -> placed in
vesicle within the synaptic cleft-> postsynaptic structures -> neurotransmitter removal
Two amino acid neurotransmitters
Ans: Glutamate and GABA
Function of GABA
Ans: main inhibitory messenger (vision/motor/anxiety)
function of glutamate
Ans: -Most plentiful
- controls cognitive function- memory/learning
Excessive glutamate leads to what disorders?
© Get it right 2025 Getaway - Stuvia US All rights reserved
