Bio 260 innate immunity
1. innate immunity: existing from birth, inborn
Non-specific
generic threats
Pattern recognition n
-first line of defense
*intact skin
*mucous membranes and secretions
*normal microbiota
-second line of defense
*phagocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells ,and macrophages
*inflammation
*fever
*antimicrobial substances
2. adaptive immunity: The ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them
*specialized lymphocytes: T cells and B cells
*antibodies
3. Goals of innate immunity: -Prevent Infection
-Eliminate Foreign Substances & Pathogens
-Initiate Adaptive Immune Response
1/9
,-generate acquired immune response/buy time
4. physical barrier -skin: -epidermis
layers of tightly packed cells(takes a lot for something to penetrate)
-Low pH (3-3.5)( most microbes don't live in low pH)
- Low moisture (diflcult for microbes to live)
-the top layers of dead keratin
water repelling (removes transient microbes)
5. Physical barrier-mucous membranes: -organization -similarities to skin, but monolayer cilia
-musus: traps microbe,s contains substances/sticky goo
-may have mechanisms to move microbes
6. physical barrier- moving microbes: -Ciliary escalator- moves microbes out of the lungs/lower
respiratory
-urine and vaginal secretions/flow out of GU tract
2/9
, -peristalis in gut
-lacromal apparatus-washes eye
7. First line of defense: antimicrobial secretions: -Fungistatic fatty acid in sebum
-salt on skin (Staphylococcus)
-Low pH (denatures protein)
3-5 skin
1.2-3 gastric juice
low ph 3-5 vaginal secretion
-Lysozyme enzyme in sweat, tears, saliva, and urine(breaks peptidoglycan)
-transferrin- in saliva/binds up iron
-Most microbes are neutrophiles
8. First line of defense -normal microbiota: -competitively exclude pathogens
cover binding sites, consume nutrients
-Alter the environment -makes waste, antimicrobial compounds, toxins
-commensal microbiota: one organism benefits the other, the host unharmed
may be opportunistic pathogens
-Antibiotics disrupt normal microbiota -allow pathogens or opportunistic pathogens to take hold
9. Second line of defense (innate immunity): -phagocytes, such as neutrophils, eosinophils,
dendritic cells, and macrophages
3/9
1. innate immunity: existing from birth, inborn
Non-specific
generic threats
Pattern recognition n
-first line of defense
*intact skin
*mucous membranes and secretions
*normal microbiota
-second line of defense
*phagocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells ,and macrophages
*inflammation
*fever
*antimicrobial substances
2. adaptive immunity: The ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them
*specialized lymphocytes: T cells and B cells
*antibodies
3. Goals of innate immunity: -Prevent Infection
-Eliminate Foreign Substances & Pathogens
-Initiate Adaptive Immune Response
1/9
,-generate acquired immune response/buy time
4. physical barrier -skin: -epidermis
layers of tightly packed cells(takes a lot for something to penetrate)
-Low pH (3-3.5)( most microbes don't live in low pH)
- Low moisture (diflcult for microbes to live)
-the top layers of dead keratin
water repelling (removes transient microbes)
5. Physical barrier-mucous membranes: -organization -similarities to skin, but monolayer cilia
-musus: traps microbe,s contains substances/sticky goo
-may have mechanisms to move microbes
6. physical barrier- moving microbes: -Ciliary escalator- moves microbes out of the lungs/lower
respiratory
-urine and vaginal secretions/flow out of GU tract
2/9
, -peristalis in gut
-lacromal apparatus-washes eye
7. First line of defense: antimicrobial secretions: -Fungistatic fatty acid in sebum
-salt on skin (Staphylococcus)
-Low pH (denatures protein)
3-5 skin
1.2-3 gastric juice
low ph 3-5 vaginal secretion
-Lysozyme enzyme in sweat, tears, saliva, and urine(breaks peptidoglycan)
-transferrin- in saliva/binds up iron
-Most microbes are neutrophiles
8. First line of defense -normal microbiota: -competitively exclude pathogens
cover binding sites, consume nutrients
-Alter the environment -makes waste, antimicrobial compounds, toxins
-commensal microbiota: one organism benefits the other, the host unharmed
may be opportunistic pathogens
-Antibiotics disrupt normal microbiota -allow pathogens or opportunistic pathogens to take hold
9. Second line of defense (innate immunity): -phagocytes, such as neutrophils, eosinophils,
dendritic cells, and macrophages
3/9
