Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
The answer is B [Cardiology, Infectious Disease].
A. Streptococcus viridans, enterococci, and a
number of oth-
1. What organism is
responsible for the vast
majority of cases
of acute infective endocarditis in er Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli, as
well as yeasts
patients with native post
valves?
A. Streptococcus viridans
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. enterococci
D. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
2. A 24-year-old male, status
, Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
and fungi, tend to cause a subacute endocarditis. valvular insuflciency, early embolization, and
Strepto- coccus is the most common etiology. myocardial abscess formation. It is more common in
B. Staphylococcus aureus tends to cause a injec- tion drug users.
rapidly progres- sive C. See A.
picture of endocarditis. It commonly results in D. See A.
a destruc- tive infection in which patients
present with acute febrile illnesses, acute The answer is D [Cardiology, Surgery].
tetralogy of Fallot surgical repair A. Steroids are used in cases of lung
inflammation, not for
20 years ago, continues to pulmonary hypertension.
ex- hibit signs of mild pul- B. Prostacyclin is a potent pulmonary vasodilator.
monary hypertension. Continu- ous
Currently not a surgical infusions are beneficial in primary pulmonary
candidate, which of the hyperten- sion.
following would slow the This patient's pathology is secondary to his heart
pro- gression of his condi- tion.
pulmonary hy- pertension? C. Sildenafil (Viagra) is a cGMP-specific
A. corticosteroids phosphodiesterase inhibitor ettective in erectile
B. prostacyclin
dysfunction. Their use may show improvement in
C. sildenafil
symptoms in up to 25% of patients; however they do
D. supplemental oxygen
not slow progression of the disease.
D. Oxygen should be provided most hours of the
day and night, reducing his O2 demand, resulting
in improved pulmonary hypertension.
, Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
3. A patient with a history of hyper- The answer is D [Cardiology, Infectious
Disease].
trophic subaortic stenosis A. Auspitz's sign is the appearance of bleeding
pre- sents with fever, points after removal of a skin plaque, commonly
dyspnea, and joint and seen in psoriasis.
back pains. Exam re- veals B. Janeway's lesions are small hemorrhagic
a III/VI systolic murmur, lesions in the skin, seen in endocarditis.
conjunctival petechiae, and C. Osler's nodes are painful, red, raised skin
ex- udative lesions in the lesions, seen in
retina. endocarditis.
What is the name of these
D. Roth's spots are exudative retinal lesions,
reti- nal lesions?
seen in endocarditis.
A. Auspitz's sign B.
Janeway'sle- sions C.
Osler's nodes
D. Roth's spots The answer is D [Cardiology, Pediatrics, Surgery].
A. The defect in tetralogy of Fallot is in the
4. Aneonateisfoundto-
ventricle, not the atrium.
haverightventricularhypert
B. Dissimilar blood pressure readings are
ro- phy,right ventricular
outflow obstruction, and pathognomonic of
an over-riding aorta via coarctation of the aorta.
C. Although ECG findings are not of great
cardiac imaging. What
additional finding would significance, usu- ally right bundle branch block
you expect to see in this occurs in tetralogy of Fallot.
child?
A. atrial septal defect
B. discrepancy in upper and low- D. The finding of ventricular septal defect
completes the
er extremity blood pressure 5. A 62-year-old male who has not
C. left bundle branch block
D. ventricular septal defect
, Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
diagnostic criteria for tetralogy of Fallot.
The answer is B [Cardiology].
had medical care for many years A. Reducing or eliminating his alcohol intake,
increasing
was seen 2 days ago at exer-
the emergency room for cise, and initiating dietary modifications would all be
chest pain that was helpful in improving his overall health, including his
diagnosed as angina cardiac health, but do not have as great an impact
pectoris. At follow-up today, as smoking cessation.
he
The answer is B [Cardiology, Infectious Disease].
A. Streptococcus viridans, enterococci, and a
number of oth-
1. What organism is
responsible for the vast
majority of cases
of acute infective endocarditis in er Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli, as
well as yeasts
patients with native post
valves?
A. Streptococcus viridans
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. enterococci
D. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
2. A 24-year-old male, status
, Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
and fungi, tend to cause a subacute endocarditis. valvular insuflciency, early embolization, and
Strepto- coccus is the most common etiology. myocardial abscess formation. It is more common in
B. Staphylococcus aureus tends to cause a injec- tion drug users.
rapidly progres- sive C. See A.
picture of endocarditis. It commonly results in D. See A.
a destruc- tive infection in which patients
present with acute febrile illnesses, acute The answer is D [Cardiology, Surgery].
tetralogy of Fallot surgical repair A. Steroids are used in cases of lung
inflammation, not for
20 years ago, continues to pulmonary hypertension.
ex- hibit signs of mild pul- B. Prostacyclin is a potent pulmonary vasodilator.
monary hypertension. Continu- ous
Currently not a surgical infusions are beneficial in primary pulmonary
candidate, which of the hyperten- sion.
following would slow the This patient's pathology is secondary to his heart
pro- gression of his condi- tion.
pulmonary hy- pertension? C. Sildenafil (Viagra) is a cGMP-specific
A. corticosteroids phosphodiesterase inhibitor ettective in erectile
B. prostacyclin
dysfunction. Their use may show improvement in
C. sildenafil
symptoms in up to 25% of patients; however they do
D. supplemental oxygen
not slow progression of the disease.
D. Oxygen should be provided most hours of the
day and night, reducing his O2 demand, resulting
in improved pulmonary hypertension.
, Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
3. A patient with a history of hyper- The answer is D [Cardiology, Infectious
Disease].
trophic subaortic stenosis A. Auspitz's sign is the appearance of bleeding
pre- sents with fever, points after removal of a skin plaque, commonly
dyspnea, and joint and seen in psoriasis.
back pains. Exam re- veals B. Janeway's lesions are small hemorrhagic
a III/VI systolic murmur, lesions in the skin, seen in endocarditis.
conjunctival petechiae, and C. Osler's nodes are painful, red, raised skin
ex- udative lesions in the lesions, seen in
retina. endocarditis.
What is the name of these
D. Roth's spots are exudative retinal lesions,
reti- nal lesions?
seen in endocarditis.
A. Auspitz's sign B.
Janeway'sle- sions C.
Osler's nodes
D. Roth's spots The answer is D [Cardiology, Pediatrics, Surgery].
A. The defect in tetralogy of Fallot is in the
4. Aneonateisfoundto-
ventricle, not the atrium.
haverightventricularhypert
B. Dissimilar blood pressure readings are
ro- phy,right ventricular
outflow obstruction, and pathognomonic of
an over-riding aorta via coarctation of the aorta.
C. Although ECG findings are not of great
cardiac imaging. What
additional finding would significance, usu- ally right bundle branch block
you expect to see in this occurs in tetralogy of Fallot.
child?
A. atrial septal defect
B. discrepancy in upper and low- D. The finding of ventricular septal defect
completes the
er extremity blood pressure 5. A 62-year-old male who has not
C. left bundle branch block
D. ventricular septal defect
, Cardiology for PANCE Exam Prep O’Connell 4th Edition
diagnostic criteria for tetralogy of Fallot.
The answer is B [Cardiology].
had medical care for many years A. Reducing or eliminating his alcohol intake,
increasing
was seen 2 days ago at exer-
the emergency room for cise, and initiating dietary modifications would all be
chest pain that was helpful in improving his overall health, including his
diagnosed as angina cardiac health, but do not have as great an impact
pectoris. At follow-up today, as smoking cessation.
he
