USABO Open Exam 2025 questions and WELL
DETAILED answers (graded A+) || GUARANTEED
PASS|| NEWEST VERSION!!
Integrins -CORRECTANSWER Cell surface receptors for extracellular matrix proteins.
Actin -CORRECTANSWER Protein involved in cell motility and muscle contraction.
Myosin -CORRECTANSWER Motor protein involved in muscle contraction and
cytokinesis.
Dynein -CORRECTANSWER Motor protein involved in intracellular transport and
ciliary/flagellar movement.
Kinesin -CORRECTANSWER Motor protein involved in intracellular transport and
mitotic spindle formation.
Cyclin -CORRECTANSWER Regulatory protein involved in cell cycle control.
Extracellular matrix -CORRECTANSWER Non-cellular component providing structural
support and biochemical signaling to surrounding cells.
Cytokinesis -CORRECTANSWER Division of the cytoplasm following nuclear division.
, pKa -CORRECTANSWER Negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation
constant.
Oxidative phosphorylation -CORRECTANSWER Process of ATP synthesis in
mitochondria using oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
Frederick Griffith -CORRECTANSWER Discovered transformation through
pneumococcal bacteria.
Hershey and Chase -CORRECTANSWER Confirmed DNA as the hereditary material
using bacteriophages.
Chargaff -CORRECTANSWER Discovered the complementary base pairing in DNA.
Watson and Crick -CORRECTANSWER Proposed the double-helix structure of DNA.
Meselson and Stahl -CORRECTANSWER Demonstrated semi-conservative replication
of DNA.
Transmembrane protein -CORRECTANSWER Protein spanning the cell membrane and
facilitating molecular transport.
DETAILED answers (graded A+) || GUARANTEED
PASS|| NEWEST VERSION!!
Integrins -CORRECTANSWER Cell surface receptors for extracellular matrix proteins.
Actin -CORRECTANSWER Protein involved in cell motility and muscle contraction.
Myosin -CORRECTANSWER Motor protein involved in muscle contraction and
cytokinesis.
Dynein -CORRECTANSWER Motor protein involved in intracellular transport and
ciliary/flagellar movement.
Kinesin -CORRECTANSWER Motor protein involved in intracellular transport and
mitotic spindle formation.
Cyclin -CORRECTANSWER Regulatory protein involved in cell cycle control.
Extracellular matrix -CORRECTANSWER Non-cellular component providing structural
support and biochemical signaling to surrounding cells.
Cytokinesis -CORRECTANSWER Division of the cytoplasm following nuclear division.
, pKa -CORRECTANSWER Negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation
constant.
Oxidative phosphorylation -CORRECTANSWER Process of ATP synthesis in
mitochondria using oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
Frederick Griffith -CORRECTANSWER Discovered transformation through
pneumococcal bacteria.
Hershey and Chase -CORRECTANSWER Confirmed DNA as the hereditary material
using bacteriophages.
Chargaff -CORRECTANSWER Discovered the complementary base pairing in DNA.
Watson and Crick -CORRECTANSWER Proposed the double-helix structure of DNA.
Meselson and Stahl -CORRECTANSWER Demonstrated semi-conservative replication
of DNA.
Transmembrane protein -CORRECTANSWER Protein spanning the cell membrane and
facilitating molecular transport.
