Bio 204 test 3 study guide
1. What are the characteristics of all animals: lack a cell wall, multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs,
ingest food, most have tissues,
2. Asymmetry: no definable symmetry
3. Radial symmetry: 2+ planes divide animal into equal halves; don't move
4. Bilateral symmetry: only 1 plane divides animal into equal halves; move around
5. Diploblastic tissues: 2 layers- radial animals
6. Triploblastic tissue: 3 layers- bilateral animals
7. 3 embryonic germ layers of animals: Basis for all the body's tissues and organs, cell layers that
give rise to tissues in adults-Endoderm, Mesoderm, Ectoderm
8. Ectoderm: covers surface of embryo; gives rise to cells in contact with environment and nervous system
9. Endoderm: Innermost layer, lining embryonic gut tube; gives rise to lining of digestive tract
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, 10. Mesoderm: middle layer in bilateral animals only; gives rise to muscles and most organs
11. Coelom: Fluid filled cavity lined with mesoderm, triploblastic animals
12. Coelomate: possess a true coelom, hydrostatic skeleton and isolate organs
13. Pseudocoelomate: pseudocoelom, fluid filled cavity that is not completely lined by mesoderm
14. Acoelomate: lack the fluid filled cavities of other animals
15. Protostomes: spiral and determinate cleavage, mesoderm separates, mouth develops from blastopore
16. Deuterostomes: radial and indeterminate cleavage, mesoderm folds, anus develops from blastopore
17. Who is the sister taxon of animals: Choanoflagellates
18. Significance of the Cambrian Explosion: earliest fossils of major living clades of animals appear
535 million years ago
19. Synapomorphies of Porifera: aquiferous system, spicules, sessile, no mouth anus or tissues
20. Monoecious: one house, female and male sex cells within one individual
2/5
1. What are the characteristics of all animals: lack a cell wall, multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs,
ingest food, most have tissues,
2. Asymmetry: no definable symmetry
3. Radial symmetry: 2+ planes divide animal into equal halves; don't move
4. Bilateral symmetry: only 1 plane divides animal into equal halves; move around
5. Diploblastic tissues: 2 layers- radial animals
6. Triploblastic tissue: 3 layers- bilateral animals
7. 3 embryonic germ layers of animals: Basis for all the body's tissues and organs, cell layers that
give rise to tissues in adults-Endoderm, Mesoderm, Ectoderm
8. Ectoderm: covers surface of embryo; gives rise to cells in contact with environment and nervous system
9. Endoderm: Innermost layer, lining embryonic gut tube; gives rise to lining of digestive tract
1/5
, 10. Mesoderm: middle layer in bilateral animals only; gives rise to muscles and most organs
11. Coelom: Fluid filled cavity lined with mesoderm, triploblastic animals
12. Coelomate: possess a true coelom, hydrostatic skeleton and isolate organs
13. Pseudocoelomate: pseudocoelom, fluid filled cavity that is not completely lined by mesoderm
14. Acoelomate: lack the fluid filled cavities of other animals
15. Protostomes: spiral and determinate cleavage, mesoderm separates, mouth develops from blastopore
16. Deuterostomes: radial and indeterminate cleavage, mesoderm folds, anus develops from blastopore
17. Who is the sister taxon of animals: Choanoflagellates
18. Significance of the Cambrian Explosion: earliest fossils of major living clades of animals appear
535 million years ago
19. Synapomorphies of Porifera: aquiferous system, spicules, sessile, no mouth anus or tissues
20. Monoecious: one house, female and male sex cells within one individual
2/5
