Bio 204 Lab #2
1. What are the major features of the Bacteria and Archaea?: -Very small, mostly unicellular
organisms
-Outer cell wall lined inside by plasma membrane
-reproduction by fission
-either cocci/bacilli/spirilloid
located:
-bacteria: nearly every ecological niche
-archaea: extreme environments
LACK
-Nuclei
-Membrane bound organelles
-Cytoskeletal microscopic contents
2. Define heterotrophic and autotrophic nutrition and name two major types
of each.: -species that require *pre-existing organic compounds* from the environment as their source of carbon
(food)
1) Photoheterotrophs
1/3
, 2) Chemoheterotrophs
-organisms that are *capable of manufacturing their own high-energy organic compounds* from CO2 in the atmos-
phere
1) Photoautotrophs
2) chemoautotrophs
3. What is an intestinal methanogen and how are these organisms of global
ecological significance?: inhabit intestinal rumen of several herbivores (cows)
Significance:
-Digest plant material
-Byproducts: methane gas (greenhouse gas)
4. Name three serious human diseases caused by bacteria.: Cholera, tetanus, tuberculosis
2/3
1. What are the major features of the Bacteria and Archaea?: -Very small, mostly unicellular
organisms
-Outer cell wall lined inside by plasma membrane
-reproduction by fission
-either cocci/bacilli/spirilloid
located:
-bacteria: nearly every ecological niche
-archaea: extreme environments
LACK
-Nuclei
-Membrane bound organelles
-Cytoskeletal microscopic contents
2. Define heterotrophic and autotrophic nutrition and name two major types
of each.: -species that require *pre-existing organic compounds* from the environment as their source of carbon
(food)
1) Photoheterotrophs
1/3
, 2) Chemoheterotrophs
-organisms that are *capable of manufacturing their own high-energy organic compounds* from CO2 in the atmos-
phere
1) Photoautotrophs
2) chemoautotrophs
3. What is an intestinal methanogen and how are these organisms of global
ecological significance?: inhabit intestinal rumen of several herbivores (cows)
Significance:
-Digest plant material
-Byproducts: methane gas (greenhouse gas)
4. Name three serious human diseases caused by bacteria.: Cholera, tetanus, tuberculosis
2/3
