NURS 251 Portage Pathophysiology Final
Exam (Modules 1–10) | Complete Study
Guide with Verified Answers 2025
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-False
During pregnancy, uterine enlargement is caused by hypoplasia. -
✔✔✔ANSWER-False (It's hypertrophy and hyperplasia.)
Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in
the number of cells - ✔✔✔ANSWER-False (It's an increase in the size of the
cells)
Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions -
✔✔✔ANSWER-True
Sensitivity - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Proportion of people with a disease who are
positive for that disease
,Reliability - ✔✔✔ANSWER-How likely the same result will occur if repeated
Validity - ✔✔✔ANSWER-How a tool measures what it is intended to measure
Specificity - ✔✔✔ANSWER-People without the disease who are negative on a
given test
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-It includes
peroxisomes and proteasomes
Which of the following move across the cell membrane via diffusion? Select all
that apply. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
Which of the following are false of the cell? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-The rough ER
is the site for lipid synthesis.
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1.
they control free radicals
2. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? -
✔✔✔ANSWER-pathophysiology
,A patient has a fever and rash. What are these examples of? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-
signs
Which of the following is helpful to the clinician on how to deliver health care in
certain circumstances? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Clinical practice guidelines
Which of the following is the effect of an illness on one's life? -
✔✔✔ANSWER-morbidity
Define primary prevention and give an example: - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1 .remove
risk factors to prevent disease from occurring
2. Example(s) - taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects,
vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and
exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. -
✔✔✔ANSWER-The two types of gangrenous necrosis are wet and dry. Dry
necrosis is tissue that has become dry and wrinkled and can become brown or
black. It is a slow spread. Wet grangrenous is swollen and moist tissue. It is a rapid
spread.
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
necrosis. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Necrosis is cell death in a tissue of a living person.
One type of necrosis is coagulative necrosis and it is sudden cut off of blood
supply, this can happen with the heart.
, Matching
1. Viruses
2. Alcohol
3. Reactive oxygen species
4. Electrical burn
5. Thermal burn
6. Iron deficiency anemia
7. Mercury toxicity
8. Low oxygen to tissues
9. Parasites
10. Fractures - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1. biologic agents
2. chemical injury
3. free radical injury
4. physical agents
5. radiation injury
6. nutritional imbalance
7. chemical injury
8. hypoxic cell injury
9. biologic agents
10. physical agents
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and
example of each. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1. Epithelial, Connective, Nervous,
Muscle
Exam (Modules 1–10) | Complete Study
Guide with Verified Answers 2025
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-False
During pregnancy, uterine enlargement is caused by hypoplasia. -
✔✔✔ANSWER-False (It's hypertrophy and hyperplasia.)
Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in
the number of cells - ✔✔✔ANSWER-False (It's an increase in the size of the
cells)
Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions -
✔✔✔ANSWER-True
Sensitivity - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Proportion of people with a disease who are
positive for that disease
,Reliability - ✔✔✔ANSWER-How likely the same result will occur if repeated
Validity - ✔✔✔ANSWER-How a tool measures what it is intended to measure
Specificity - ✔✔✔ANSWER-People without the disease who are negative on a
given test
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-It includes
peroxisomes and proteasomes
Which of the following move across the cell membrane via diffusion? Select all
that apply. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
Which of the following are false of the cell? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-The rough ER
is the site for lipid synthesis.
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1.
they control free radicals
2. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? -
✔✔✔ANSWER-pathophysiology
,A patient has a fever and rash. What are these examples of? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-
signs
Which of the following is helpful to the clinician on how to deliver health care in
certain circumstances? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Clinical practice guidelines
Which of the following is the effect of an illness on one's life? -
✔✔✔ANSWER-morbidity
Define primary prevention and give an example: - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1 .remove
risk factors to prevent disease from occurring
2. Example(s) - taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects,
vaccinating children to prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and
exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing seatbelts or helmets.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. -
✔✔✔ANSWER-The two types of gangrenous necrosis are wet and dry. Dry
necrosis is tissue that has become dry and wrinkled and can become brown or
black. It is a slow spread. Wet grangrenous is swollen and moist tissue. It is a rapid
spread.
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
necrosis. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Necrosis is cell death in a tissue of a living person.
One type of necrosis is coagulative necrosis and it is sudden cut off of blood
supply, this can happen with the heart.
, Matching
1. Viruses
2. Alcohol
3. Reactive oxygen species
4. Electrical burn
5. Thermal burn
6. Iron deficiency anemia
7. Mercury toxicity
8. Low oxygen to tissues
9. Parasites
10. Fractures - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1. biologic agents
2. chemical injury
3. free radical injury
4. physical agents
5. radiation injury
6. nutritional imbalance
7. chemical injury
8. hypoxic cell injury
9. biologic agents
10. physical agents
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and
example of each. - ✔✔✔ANSWER-1. Epithelial, Connective, Nervous,
Muscle
