ASM 275 Unit 4 - Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9x9auq
1. What is positive - final phases of forensic analysis
identification and - identify with high probability the exact identification of the individual
individuation? - begin with information on sex, age, stature, and ancestry
- add to this other info from skeleton
2. What is patholo- the study of ancient disease in skeletal remains
gy?
3. How is pathology 1) Can be confused with perimortem trauma (fusion defects)
useful to forensic 2) Can be confused with postmortem taphonomic alterations
anthropologists? 3) can provide info on life course experience of individual
4) can provide info on socio-economic status (poor health)
5) given 3+4 = leads to positive identification
4. What can past - past patterns of trauma = occupation, social economic status, work-related
patterns of trau- injuries
ma tell us about - osteoarthritis: degenerative joint disease
the individual? - skeletal manifestations:
1) lipping of joint surfaces (osteophytes)
2) porosity of joint surface
3) eburnation (due to bone on bone contact), polishing of joint surface
5. What can diet - diet and health conditions: generalized stress and likely socio-economic status of
and health condi- decedent
tions tell us? - Linear Enamel Hypopiasias
- Harris Lines
- Anemia
- lack of iron
- parasites
- scurvy, rickets
6. What can con- - congenital disease malformations - ID and individuation
genital dis- - congenital diseases: diseases you are born with that can be linked using medical
, ASM 275 Unit 4 - Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9x9auq
ease malforma- records
tions tell us? - craniosynostosis: premature closure of one or more cranial sutures
* scaphocephaly: premature closure of sagittal suture
- spina bifida: results from fusions that should happen but don't --> spinal cord
exposed because bone that should make complete ring doesn't fuse
7. What can infec- - health and medical history
tious diseases tell - tuberculosis
us? - leprosy
- treponema infections
- facial gangosa
8. What can neo- - a new or abnormal growth on the body
plasms tell us? - ameloblasts - cells that create enamel, do not secrete at a constant rate when
stressed
9. What can rare - geographic origin
bone diseases tell - coccidioidomycosis "valley fever"
us? * caused by inhalation of fugal spores found in soil
* bone changes are rare but similar to tuberculosis
* enflamed and balloon like bone
10. know three ways 1) Excess osteoclastic activity produces lytic lesions
pathology affects 2) excess osteoblastic activity produces proliferative lesions
bone and the 3) abnormalities of shape produced by both processes
terms: - small lytic lesion, resorptive foci
- lytic - maxillary sinusitis = proliferative
- osteoclastic
- osteoblastic
11. anemia caused by iron deficiencies due to poor diet, parasitic infection, heart disease, and
specific ailments such as sickle cell anemia
* they leave bone with a pitted, coral-like appearance or with a pinpricked look
, ASM 275 Unit 4 - Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9x9auq
12. cribra orbitalia A symptom of iron deficiency anemia in which the bone of the upper eye sockets
takes on a spongy appearance.
13. porotic hyperos- A symptom of iron deficiency anemia in which the skull takes on a porous appear-
tosis ance.
14. linear enamel hy- - teeth do not grow after they are done forming
poplasia - LEH's give indication of time and duration of a given stress during childhood
- can be caused by antibiotics, poor nourishment, other stress
- form due to ameloblasts (the cells that create enamel do not secrete at a constant
rate when stressed)
* result in a ripple or nick in the enamel visible on tooth's surface
15. Harris lines - similar to enamel hypoplasias in that they indicate similar stresses, but they will
eventually be remodeled and obliterated
* this is impossible in the teeth
- evident as opaque line on X-ray, indicates area of increased bone density
- Harris lines form after the individual has recovered from the stress event
16. arthritis inflammation of a joint
1) lipping of joint surfaces (osteophytes)
2) porosity of joint surface
3) eburntion, polishing of joint surface
17. tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis (Pott's disease)
- highly contagious, spread throughout air
18. leprosy Mycobacterium leprae
- less contagious, direct contact
19. syphilis (trepone- - 4 diseases caused by same species (treponema palladium)
ma infections) 1) Endemic syphillis/Bejel
- T pallidum endemicum
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9x9auq
1. What is positive - final phases of forensic analysis
identification and - identify with high probability the exact identification of the individual
individuation? - begin with information on sex, age, stature, and ancestry
- add to this other info from skeleton
2. What is patholo- the study of ancient disease in skeletal remains
gy?
3. How is pathology 1) Can be confused with perimortem trauma (fusion defects)
useful to forensic 2) Can be confused with postmortem taphonomic alterations
anthropologists? 3) can provide info on life course experience of individual
4) can provide info on socio-economic status (poor health)
5) given 3+4 = leads to positive identification
4. What can past - past patterns of trauma = occupation, social economic status, work-related
patterns of trau- injuries
ma tell us about - osteoarthritis: degenerative joint disease
the individual? - skeletal manifestations:
1) lipping of joint surfaces (osteophytes)
2) porosity of joint surface
3) eburnation (due to bone on bone contact), polishing of joint surface
5. What can diet - diet and health conditions: generalized stress and likely socio-economic status of
and health condi- decedent
tions tell us? - Linear Enamel Hypopiasias
- Harris Lines
- Anemia
- lack of iron
- parasites
- scurvy, rickets
6. What can con- - congenital disease malformations - ID and individuation
genital dis- - congenital diseases: diseases you are born with that can be linked using medical
, ASM 275 Unit 4 - Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9x9auq
ease malforma- records
tions tell us? - craniosynostosis: premature closure of one or more cranial sutures
* scaphocephaly: premature closure of sagittal suture
- spina bifida: results from fusions that should happen but don't --> spinal cord
exposed because bone that should make complete ring doesn't fuse
7. What can infec- - health and medical history
tious diseases tell - tuberculosis
us? - leprosy
- treponema infections
- facial gangosa
8. What can neo- - a new or abnormal growth on the body
plasms tell us? - ameloblasts - cells that create enamel, do not secrete at a constant rate when
stressed
9. What can rare - geographic origin
bone diseases tell - coccidioidomycosis "valley fever"
us? * caused by inhalation of fugal spores found in soil
* bone changes are rare but similar to tuberculosis
* enflamed and balloon like bone
10. know three ways 1) Excess osteoclastic activity produces lytic lesions
pathology affects 2) excess osteoblastic activity produces proliferative lesions
bone and the 3) abnormalities of shape produced by both processes
terms: - small lytic lesion, resorptive foci
- lytic - maxillary sinusitis = proliferative
- osteoclastic
- osteoblastic
11. anemia caused by iron deficiencies due to poor diet, parasitic infection, heart disease, and
specific ailments such as sickle cell anemia
* they leave bone with a pitted, coral-like appearance or with a pinpricked look
, ASM 275 Unit 4 - Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9x9auq
12. cribra orbitalia A symptom of iron deficiency anemia in which the bone of the upper eye sockets
takes on a spongy appearance.
13. porotic hyperos- A symptom of iron deficiency anemia in which the skull takes on a porous appear-
tosis ance.
14. linear enamel hy- - teeth do not grow after they are done forming
poplasia - LEH's give indication of time and duration of a given stress during childhood
- can be caused by antibiotics, poor nourishment, other stress
- form due to ameloblasts (the cells that create enamel do not secrete at a constant
rate when stressed)
* result in a ripple or nick in the enamel visible on tooth's surface
15. Harris lines - similar to enamel hypoplasias in that they indicate similar stresses, but they will
eventually be remodeled and obliterated
* this is impossible in the teeth
- evident as opaque line on X-ray, indicates area of increased bone density
- Harris lines form after the individual has recovered from the stress event
16. arthritis inflammation of a joint
1) lipping of joint surfaces (osteophytes)
2) porosity of joint surface
3) eburntion, polishing of joint surface
17. tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis (Pott's disease)
- highly contagious, spread throughout air
18. leprosy Mycobacterium leprae
- less contagious, direct contact
19. syphilis (trepone- - 4 diseases caused by same species (treponema palladium)
ma infections) 1) Endemic syphillis/Bejel
- T pallidum endemicum
