PATH CTRI FINAL EXAM
Adaptive/Therapeutic Riding -CORRECT ANSWER- equine-assisted activity for the purpose of
contributing to the cognitive, physical, emotional and social wellbeing of individuals with special
need
Balanced Seat -CORRECT ANSWER- position of the mounted rider that requires the minimum of
muscular effort to remain in the saddle and that interferes least with the horse's movement and
equilibrium
Bight of Reins -CORRECT ANSWER- part of the reins passing between thumb and fingers and out the
top of the hand
Blemish -CORRECT ANSWER- defect that hurts the equine's appearance but does not hurt their
working ability (scar)
Bolting -CORRECT ANSWER- animal breaking out of control or trying to run away
Broke -CORRECT ANSWER- tamed and trained to a particular function (ex. halter broke)
Broke -CORRECT ANSWER- leave or altar gait (broke stride)
Canter/Lope -CORRECT ANSWER- 3 beat gait (1st and 3rd eats- legs strike indepently; 2nd beat- 2
legs strike on the diagonal)
Cavesson -CORRECT ANSWER- headstall with a noseband (often quite large) containing rings used for
exercising and training horses
Change of Lead -CORRECT ANSWER- change of leading leg at the canter.
Cinch -CORRECT ANSWER- girth of a Western saddle
,Cold-Backed -CORRECT ANSWER- a horse that humps its back and does not settle down until the
saddle has been on a few minutes (some "cold-backed" horses will merely tuck their tails and arch
their backs when first mounted, but others will take a few crow hops until warmed up)
Collected Gait -CORRECT ANSWER- remaining on the bit, the horse moves forward with its topline
raised and arched as a result of energetic impulsion; lightness of forehand, engagement of
hindquarters are called for; shorter strides, but lighter and more mobile
Conformation -CORRECT ANSWER- way the equine is put together, its physique; makes equine able
to work well and stay sound even with hard work
Counter Canter -CORRECT ANSWER- a suppling movement deliberately asking for the opposite of the
normal lead, such as right lead on a circle to the left.
Crest Release -CORRECT ANSWER- riders in the jumping or two-point position can maintain balance
and control by placing each hand firmly on top of the crest approximately one-third the way up the
horse's neck
Crop -CORRECT ANSWER- riding whip with a short, straight stock and loop
Cross-Firing -CORRECT ANSWER- gait defect that occurs when the inside of the hind foot strikes the
diagonal foreleg
Cultural Competence -CORRECT ANSWER- ability to understand, appreciate and interact with people
from cultures or belief systems different from one's own
Curb Bit -CORRECT ANSWER- a type of bit designed to exert a leverage type of action in the horse's
mouth
Direct Rein Steering -CORRECT ANSWER- direct rein puts pressure on the bit, directly back toward
the rider; it works in opposition to the horse's forward motion; the direct rein makes the horse
shorten its stride for the turn, so it works best where you need more control or a tight turn
Dressage -CORRECT ANSWER- time-tested, methodical progression of exercises designed to increase
an equine's muscular capabilities and degree of suppleness, allowing them to perform increasingly
difficult movements under the saddle
, Equine -CORRECT ANSWER- general description of horses, ponies, mules, donkeys or minatures
Equine Assisted Services (EAS) -CORRECT ANSWER- diverse range of services in which professionals
incorporate equines to benefit people
Equitation -CORRECT ANSWER- the art of riding horseback
Extended Gait -CORRECT ANSWER- covering as much ground as possible, lengthening strides to the
utmost while maintaining the same rhythm
Far Side -CORRECT ANSWER- right side of the horse
Footfall Pattern -CORRECT ANSWER- sequence in which the legs move in a gait, such as the walk, trot
or canter
Forehand -CORRECT ANSWER- front of the equine, including neck, shoulders and forelegs; the
portion of the equine in from of their center of gravity
Forward Seat -CORRECT ANSWER- style of riding that permits the rider to sit closer to the forehand
and permits adjustment of the center of gravity forward to negotiate obstacles and remove the
weight (seat) from the saddle when necessary
Free Walk -CORRECT ANSWER- relaxed gait in which the equine is allowed complete freedom to
stretch out and lower its head and neck
Girth -CORRECT ANSWER- strap or webbing that holds the saddle in place
Half-Pass -CORRECT ANSWER- variation of travers, executed on the diagonal instead of along the
wall; the equine, slightly bent round the inside leg of the rider, should be as close as possible parallel
to the long sides of the arena, the forehand slightly in advance of the quarters
Half-Seat -CORRECT ANSWER- balancing position in which rider is half sitting and half standing; not
standing all the way up; also called jumping position; used for posting trot, jumping, and riding uphill;
helps riders learn to balance to keep their heels down
Adaptive/Therapeutic Riding -CORRECT ANSWER- equine-assisted activity for the purpose of
contributing to the cognitive, physical, emotional and social wellbeing of individuals with special
need
Balanced Seat -CORRECT ANSWER- position of the mounted rider that requires the minimum of
muscular effort to remain in the saddle and that interferes least with the horse's movement and
equilibrium
Bight of Reins -CORRECT ANSWER- part of the reins passing between thumb and fingers and out the
top of the hand
Blemish -CORRECT ANSWER- defect that hurts the equine's appearance but does not hurt their
working ability (scar)
Bolting -CORRECT ANSWER- animal breaking out of control or trying to run away
Broke -CORRECT ANSWER- tamed and trained to a particular function (ex. halter broke)
Broke -CORRECT ANSWER- leave or altar gait (broke stride)
Canter/Lope -CORRECT ANSWER- 3 beat gait (1st and 3rd eats- legs strike indepently; 2nd beat- 2
legs strike on the diagonal)
Cavesson -CORRECT ANSWER- headstall with a noseband (often quite large) containing rings used for
exercising and training horses
Change of Lead -CORRECT ANSWER- change of leading leg at the canter.
Cinch -CORRECT ANSWER- girth of a Western saddle
,Cold-Backed -CORRECT ANSWER- a horse that humps its back and does not settle down until the
saddle has been on a few minutes (some "cold-backed" horses will merely tuck their tails and arch
their backs when first mounted, but others will take a few crow hops until warmed up)
Collected Gait -CORRECT ANSWER- remaining on the bit, the horse moves forward with its topline
raised and arched as a result of energetic impulsion; lightness of forehand, engagement of
hindquarters are called for; shorter strides, but lighter and more mobile
Conformation -CORRECT ANSWER- way the equine is put together, its physique; makes equine able
to work well and stay sound even with hard work
Counter Canter -CORRECT ANSWER- a suppling movement deliberately asking for the opposite of the
normal lead, such as right lead on a circle to the left.
Crest Release -CORRECT ANSWER- riders in the jumping or two-point position can maintain balance
and control by placing each hand firmly on top of the crest approximately one-third the way up the
horse's neck
Crop -CORRECT ANSWER- riding whip with a short, straight stock and loop
Cross-Firing -CORRECT ANSWER- gait defect that occurs when the inside of the hind foot strikes the
diagonal foreleg
Cultural Competence -CORRECT ANSWER- ability to understand, appreciate and interact with people
from cultures or belief systems different from one's own
Curb Bit -CORRECT ANSWER- a type of bit designed to exert a leverage type of action in the horse's
mouth
Direct Rein Steering -CORRECT ANSWER- direct rein puts pressure on the bit, directly back toward
the rider; it works in opposition to the horse's forward motion; the direct rein makes the horse
shorten its stride for the turn, so it works best where you need more control or a tight turn
Dressage -CORRECT ANSWER- time-tested, methodical progression of exercises designed to increase
an equine's muscular capabilities and degree of suppleness, allowing them to perform increasingly
difficult movements under the saddle
, Equine -CORRECT ANSWER- general description of horses, ponies, mules, donkeys or minatures
Equine Assisted Services (EAS) -CORRECT ANSWER- diverse range of services in which professionals
incorporate equines to benefit people
Equitation -CORRECT ANSWER- the art of riding horseback
Extended Gait -CORRECT ANSWER- covering as much ground as possible, lengthening strides to the
utmost while maintaining the same rhythm
Far Side -CORRECT ANSWER- right side of the horse
Footfall Pattern -CORRECT ANSWER- sequence in which the legs move in a gait, such as the walk, trot
or canter
Forehand -CORRECT ANSWER- front of the equine, including neck, shoulders and forelegs; the
portion of the equine in from of their center of gravity
Forward Seat -CORRECT ANSWER- style of riding that permits the rider to sit closer to the forehand
and permits adjustment of the center of gravity forward to negotiate obstacles and remove the
weight (seat) from the saddle when necessary
Free Walk -CORRECT ANSWER- relaxed gait in which the equine is allowed complete freedom to
stretch out and lower its head and neck
Girth -CORRECT ANSWER- strap or webbing that holds the saddle in place
Half-Pass -CORRECT ANSWER- variation of travers, executed on the diagonal instead of along the
wall; the equine, slightly bent round the inside leg of the rider, should be as close as possible parallel
to the long sides of the arena, the forehand slightly in advance of the quarters
Half-Seat -CORRECT ANSWER- balancing position in which rider is half sitting and half standing; not
standing all the way up; also called jumping position; used for posting trot, jumping, and riding uphill;
helps riders learn to balance to keep their heels down
