OMSA STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Name the 4 valves in the heart -ANSTricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
Where is the Tricuspid valve located? -ANSBetween the right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the Mitral valve located? -ANSBetween the left atrium and the left ventricle
Where is the Aortic valve located? -ANSBetween the aorta and the heart's left ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve located? -ANSBetween the" right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
What is the function of valves in the heart? -ANSTo prevent the backflow of blood
When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make,
and what causes this sound? -ANSLub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves
closing
What is angina pectoris? -ANSAnother name for chest pain of cardiac origin
What is angina pectoris caused by? -ANSIschemia or lack of oxygen to the heart
muscle
How does nitroglycerin affect the body? -ANSIt dilates the coronary arteries and
increases the blood flow to the heart
When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? -ANSWhen the heart is
deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
Death of the heart muscle -ANSnecrosis
Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) -ANSFamily history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
, Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
Heart valve dysfunction
dysrhythmias
Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) -ANS-Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
-Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? -ANSMorphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
What is congestive heart failure? -ANSThe heart cannot pump blood in a forward
motion
What happens when there is CHF on the right side? -ANSExcess blood an fluid backing
up systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? -ANSSwelling in the ankles and ascetics
(belly)
Distended neck veins
What happens when there is CHF on the left side? -ANSFluid backing up into the lungs
causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum.
What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? -ANSShortness of breath and wakes up in
the middle of the night gasping for air
What is the normal treatment for CHF? -ANSDiuretics; so the patient pees out the
excess fluid
How is the cardiovascular system monitored? -ANSBy using tone pulse, blood pressure
and the EKG
What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? -ANSfor controlling the bodily
functions not consciously directed
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Name the 4 valves in the heart -ANSTricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
Where is the Tricuspid valve located? -ANSBetween the right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the Mitral valve located? -ANSBetween the left atrium and the left ventricle
Where is the Aortic valve located? -ANSBetween the aorta and the heart's left ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve located? -ANSBetween the" right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
What is the function of valves in the heart? -ANSTo prevent the backflow of blood
When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make,
and what causes this sound? -ANSLub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves
closing
What is angina pectoris? -ANSAnother name for chest pain of cardiac origin
What is angina pectoris caused by? -ANSIschemia or lack of oxygen to the heart
muscle
How does nitroglycerin affect the body? -ANSIt dilates the coronary arteries and
increases the blood flow to the heart
When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? -ANSWhen the heart is
deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
Death of the heart muscle -ANSnecrosis
Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) -ANSFamily history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
, Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
Heart valve dysfunction
dysrhythmias
Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) -ANS-Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
-Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? -ANSMorphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
What is congestive heart failure? -ANSThe heart cannot pump blood in a forward
motion
What happens when there is CHF on the right side? -ANSExcess blood an fluid backing
up systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? -ANSSwelling in the ankles and ascetics
(belly)
Distended neck veins
What happens when there is CHF on the left side? -ANSFluid backing up into the lungs
causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum.
What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? -ANSShortness of breath and wakes up in
the middle of the night gasping for air
What is the normal treatment for CHF? -ANSDiuretics; so the patient pees out the
excess fluid
How is the cardiovascular system monitored? -ANSBy using tone pulse, blood pressure
and the EKG
What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? -ANSfor controlling the bodily
functions not consciously directed
