Test Bank For Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice 3rd Edition By Janie B. Butts| 9781284112245| All Chapters included| LATEST

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Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Science: An Introduction
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1. Whyare natural sciences also referred to as ―pure‖ sciences?
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A. Theyjarejconsideredjstand-alonejbodiesjofjuniquejknowledge.
B. They are the onlysciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
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C. They are the original sciences upon which all others are based.
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D. They are not affected by subjectivity in the way other sciences are.
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Ans: A

2. Which is not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?
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A. Social work w


B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care disparities w w w


D. Pathology

Ans: x j w w




3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge in
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wthe world. As a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the
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wexperiments she w


performs and does consider herself merely a disconnected observer of phenomenon.
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wRoberta’s views are most closTelEySrT efB
leA
ctN
ivKeSofEw
LhLicEhRs.chCoOolMof scientific thought?

A. Natural
Science
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wB.HumanjScience
C. Applied Science w


D. SoftScience

w Ans: B w




4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
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A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order to
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wmeet some type of human need.
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B. Examination of the decisions made by a scientist to understand the ways
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win which subjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
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C. Reproduciblejexperimentaljresultsjthatjdojnotjtakejresearcherjindividualityjintojaccount.
D. Improvingthe situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate results
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in repeatexperiments.
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wAns: C


5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
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A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding by uncovering
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w the common subjective biases of different disciplines.
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B. Improvement of the quality of life byunderstanding what helps people maximize
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w their functional abilities.
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C. Utilization of knowledge by applying it to a specific purpose in order to better a situation
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w or change viewpoints.
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D. Developmentjofjknowledgejforjthejsakejofjdevelopingjknowledge, x w


discoveringtruth,
jcontrollingjoutcomes. and




Ans: D

6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supervisor
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whas asked both of them to perform the same experiment using the same procedure
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wand equipment. After they’ve both completed their task, the compare their results
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wand discover that they are nearly identical.
w Which of the five criteria for science
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wdoes Gretchen and Peter’s discovery exemplify?
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A. Intersubjectivejtestability
B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision w w


D. Coherence

Ans: A TESTBANKSELLER.COM
7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
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A. Thinking for the sake of thinking. w w w w w


B. Utilization of process and w w w


woutcome. C. jofjwholenessjandjholism.
Demarcation w


D. Application of epistemology and ontology.
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Ans: C

8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated bypast experiences is an example of which source
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wof knowledge?
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A. Doctrine
B. Common sense w


C. Tradition
D. Authorit

y Ans: C
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