Biology 1201 Exam 2
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1. What is another name for cell to cell communication? b. signal transduction
a. signal transition
b. signal transduction
c. signal translation
d. signal transference
e. all of the above
2. Paracrine signaling is when: d. signal molecules pass
a. signal molecules pass through gap junctions to from one cell to a nearby
neighboring cells cell
b. signal molecules pass through the bloodstream to
other cells
c. signal molecules cause two separate cells to fuse
d. signal molecules pass from one cell to a nearby cell
e. all of the above
3. If something is "hormonal" or "endocrine" signalling, c. the signalling molecule
this means: passes through the blood-
a. the signalling molecule is hydrophobic stream
b. the signalling molecule binds to a cell surface recep-
tor
c. the signalling molecule passes through the blood-
stream
d. the signalling molecule is a small organic molecule
e. the signalling molecule is a protein or peptide
4. In most signal transduction pathways, what actually e. nothing but information
passes through the membrane?
a. cyclic AMP
b. GTP
c. small peptides
, Biology 1201 Exam 2
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d. transcription factors
e. nothing but information
5. What are GPCRs ? e. all of the above
a. G-protein coupled receptors
b. transmembrane proteins
c. cell surface receptors
d. common drug binding targets
e. all of the above
6. The goal of most signal transduction pathways is: d. to turn a gene on or off
a. to stimulate a hormone
b. to increase metabolism
c. to form tissues
d. to turn a gene on or off
e. to stimulate the immune system
7. What is the first thing an RTK (receptor tyrosine kinase) c. form a dimer in the
does after binding a signaling molecule? membrane
a. flip from one side of the membrane to the other
b. bind to a G-protein
c. form a dimer in the membrane
d. turn on a gene
e. release ATP
8. Some signaling molecules do not need to bind to a e. all of the above
cell surface receptor, they bind an internal protein and
go all the way to the nucleus themselves. These are
almost always:
a. steroid hormones
b. hydrophobic
c. lipids
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d. membrane permeable
e. all of the above
9. One of the following is NOT a secondary messenger, d. insulin peptide
which one?
a. cyclic AMP
b. calcium
c. IP3 (inositol 3 phosphate)
d. insulin peptide
e. all of these are secondary messengers
10. A signal transduction pathway = reception + transduc- d. a series of phosphoryla-
tion + response. What is a common process in the tions
transduction?
a. release of proteins from the membrane
b. turning a gene on or off
c. internalization of the receptor
d. a series of phosphorylations
e. all of the above
11. In a signal transduction pathway, what actually turns e. transcription factors
the genes on or off?
a. receptors
b. primary signal molecules
c. adenylate cyclase
d. GPCRs
e. transcription factors
12. What is the main purpose of the phosphorylation cas- a. to amplify the signal
cade in transduction?
a. to amplify the signal
b. to increase the charge on the transduction proteins
c. to activate the receptor protein
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7uon1
1. What is another name for cell to cell communication? b. signal transduction
a. signal transition
b. signal transduction
c. signal translation
d. signal transference
e. all of the above
2. Paracrine signaling is when: d. signal molecules pass
a. signal molecules pass through gap junctions to from one cell to a nearby
neighboring cells cell
b. signal molecules pass through the bloodstream to
other cells
c. signal molecules cause two separate cells to fuse
d. signal molecules pass from one cell to a nearby cell
e. all of the above
3. If something is "hormonal" or "endocrine" signalling, c. the signalling molecule
this means: passes through the blood-
a. the signalling molecule is hydrophobic stream
b. the signalling molecule binds to a cell surface recep-
tor
c. the signalling molecule passes through the blood-
stream
d. the signalling molecule is a small organic molecule
e. the signalling molecule is a protein or peptide
4. In most signal transduction pathways, what actually e. nothing but information
passes through the membrane?
a. cyclic AMP
b. GTP
c. small peptides
, Biology 1201 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7uon1
d. transcription factors
e. nothing but information
5. What are GPCRs ? e. all of the above
a. G-protein coupled receptors
b. transmembrane proteins
c. cell surface receptors
d. common drug binding targets
e. all of the above
6. The goal of most signal transduction pathways is: d. to turn a gene on or off
a. to stimulate a hormone
b. to increase metabolism
c. to form tissues
d. to turn a gene on or off
e. to stimulate the immune system
7. What is the first thing an RTK (receptor tyrosine kinase) c. form a dimer in the
does after binding a signaling molecule? membrane
a. flip from one side of the membrane to the other
b. bind to a G-protein
c. form a dimer in the membrane
d. turn on a gene
e. release ATP
8. Some signaling molecules do not need to bind to a e. all of the above
cell surface receptor, they bind an internal protein and
go all the way to the nucleus themselves. These are
almost always:
a. steroid hormones
b. hydrophobic
c. lipids
, Biology 1201 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7uon1
d. membrane permeable
e. all of the above
9. One of the following is NOT a secondary messenger, d. insulin peptide
which one?
a. cyclic AMP
b. calcium
c. IP3 (inositol 3 phosphate)
d. insulin peptide
e. all of these are secondary messengers
10. A signal transduction pathway = reception + transduc- d. a series of phosphoryla-
tion + response. What is a common process in the tions
transduction?
a. release of proteins from the membrane
b. turning a gene on or off
c. internalization of the receptor
d. a series of phosphorylations
e. all of the above
11. In a signal transduction pathway, what actually turns e. transcription factors
the genes on or off?
a. receptors
b. primary signal molecules
c. adenylate cyclase
d. GPCRs
e. transcription factors
12. What is the main purpose of the phosphorylation cas- a. to amplify the signal
cade in transduction?
a. to amplify the signal
b. to increase the charge on the transduction proteins
c. to activate the receptor protein
